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    <font size="+1"><i>"The most important issue of all time"  </i></font>
    <font size="+1"><i>Stay well-informed about global warming,  </i></font><font
      size="+1"><i>Forward this email.  January 7, 2017</i></font><br>
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    <div class="esc-lead-article-title-wrapper"><b><font size="+1"><a
            target="_blank" class="article
            usg-AFQjCNEsJ-zyhXZAkiPtsmdeciDtt_b2Cg
            did-8741867410411645059"
href="http://www.nbcnews.com/science/environment/iceberg-size-delaware-poised-break-antarctica-n703821"
url="http://www.nbcnews.com/science/environment/iceberg-size-delaware-poised-break-antarctica-n703821"
            id="MAA4B0gAUABgAWoCdXM" ssid="snc"><span class="titletext">Iceberg
              Size of Delaware Poised to Break Off From Antarctica</span></a></font></b></div>
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            <td class="al-attribution-cell source-cell"><font size="-1"><span
                  class="al-attribution-source">NBCNews.com</span></font></td>
            <td class="al-attribution-cell timestamp-cell"><font
                size="-1"><span class="dash-separator"> - </span><span
                  class="al-attribution-timestamp">‎2 hours ago‎</span></font></td>
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    <blockquote>
      <div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper"><font size="-1">An iceberg
          the size of Delaware is poised to break away from Antarctica,
          an event which may lead to the collapse of a massive ice shelf
          on the continent, according to researchers...<br>
          Scientists say that a 1,900 square-mile section of the "Larsen
          C" ice shelf is now only connected to the main body by a
          12-mile section of ice. Researchers monitoring a huge crack in
          the ice discovered that it had grown rapidly during the second
          half of 2016 — increasing in size by 11 miles in December
          alone...<br>
          If the iceberg does break away, it would be one of the ten
          largest ever recorded...<br>
          n November 2016, NASA scientists carrying out an airborne
          survey of polar ice measured the crack in Larsen C to be about
          70 miles long, more than 300 feet wide and about a third of a
          mile deep.<br>
        </font><font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.nbcnews.com/science/environment/iceberg-size-delaware-poised-break-antarctica-n703821">http://www.nbcnews.com/science/environment/iceberg-size-delaware-poised-break-antarctica-n703821</a></font><br>
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          target="_blank" class="article
          usg-AFQjCNHDODDvI9bYHgSX68SU7v-Pg7dssQ
          sig2-zVmYCtASkh6M8YYqhr5mKA did-3836400033417423191"
href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2017/01/07/the-very-real-threat-of-trump-s-climate-denialism.html"
url="http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2017/01/07/the-very-real-threat-of-trump-s-climate-denialism.html"
          id="MAA4AEgIUABgAWoCdXN6AA"
ping="//news.google.com/news/url?sr=1&ct2=us%2F1_0_s_8_1_a&sa=t&usg=AFQjCNHDODDvI9bYHgSX68SU7v-Pg7dssQ&cid=52779336462644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailybeast.com%2Farticles%2F2017%2F01%2F07%2Fthe-very-real-threat-of-trump-s-climate-denialism.html&ei=oI9wWOjlNMS1hQGzro0g&sig2=zVmYCtASkh6M8YYqhr5mKA&rt=SECTION&vm=STANDARD&bvm=section&did=3836400033417423191&sid=a985a5a2ee2eddc9&st=3&at=dt0"
          style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204); text-decoration: underline;"><span
            class="titletext" style="font-weight: bold;">The Very Real
            Threat of Trump's<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
              style="font-weight: bold;">Climate</b><span
              class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Denialism</span></a></h2>
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              style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
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                style="white-space: nowrap;">Daily Beast</span></td>
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                style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 13px; color:
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                  class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
                class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
                nowrap;">‎3 hours ago‎</span></td>
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    <blockquote>
      <div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
        padding-left: 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,
        sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
        font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
        font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
        text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
        white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
        -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
        255);">During the past few months, Scott Pruitt, Donald Trump's
        pick to head the Environmental Protection Agency, Rick Perry,
        Trump's pick to head the Energy Department, and Donald Trump
        himself have all said that they don't believe in<span
          class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b style="font-weight:
          normal;">climate change</b>. The most upsetting part of their
        statements has been the misuse of the word believe.<br>
        Religion is a belief system. You have to believe that Moses
        parted the Red Sea or that Lazarus was raised from the dead.
        Because these phenomena violate the laws of nature, they are
        matters of faith....<br>
        Science, on the other hand, isn't a belief system. It's an
        evidence-based system. For example, you don't have to believe in
        the theory of evolution. All you have to do is examine 250,000
        years of fossil records to know that humans and apes evolved
        from a common ancestor. You don't have to believe in the germ
        theory. All you have to do is recognize that vaccines,
        antibiotics, and sanitation programs have increased our lifespan
        by 30 years during the past century. And you don't have to
        believe in the theory of gravity. All you have to do is drop
        your pen. None of these concepts are theories any more. They're
        facts supported by evidence....<br>
        Sometimes people like Donald Trump, Scott Pruitt, and Rick Perry
        describe climate change as a "controversial new science." In
        truth, it's not new at all. Joseph Fourier made his observations
        in the early 1800s, well before Charles Darwin advanced his
        theory of evolution...<br>
        ...It's not too late. By turning away from fossil fuels and
        turning toward renewable sources of energy like those generated
        by the sun, wind, and rivers, there's still plenty of time to
        reverse this trend. The Paris climate summit in 2015 and
        President Obama's Clean Power Plan in the same year were good
        starts. And while it is reasonable for politicians to argue
        whether the programs that have been put in place have been the
        most efficient way to spend limited resources, it is madness to
        claim that the problem doesn't exist.<br>
        The simple truth is that it will cost less money to curb CO2
        emissions today than to mitigate the problems created by the
        greenhouse effect tomorrow. Our politicians owe us that. If they
        care at all about their legacy, they need to stop denying what
        is plainly in front of them. Because, as noted by Raymond Aron,
        "The judgment of history is without pity."<b style="font-weight:
          normal;">...<br>
          The incoming Trump administration seems to be in a competition
          with itself to pretend climate change isn’t real—and that has
          very real consequences.<br>
        </b><span style="font-weight: normal;"><a
            class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2017/01/07/the-very-real-threat-of-trump-s-climate-denialism.html">http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2017/01/07/the-very-real-threat-of-trump-s-climate-denialism.html</a>.</span><br>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <b><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4QK5Kp2uM1E">(YouTube
        Video) Surveilling the Scientists  (9 minutes)</a></b><br>
    <blockquote> <font size="-1">Chairman of the House Committee on
        Science, Space, and Technology, Lamar Smith is accusing
        scientists of falsifying key evidence of a warming planet, even
        as global temperatures spike to frightening new highs.   <a
          class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
          href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4QK5Kp2uM1E">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4QK5Kp2uM1E</a></font><br>
    </blockquote>
    <b><a
href="http://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/whats-the-best-way-to-convince-a-climate-change-denier/"><font
          class="" face="HelveticaNeue">What's The Best Way to Convince
          a Climate Change Denier?</font></a></b>
    <blockquote> <font class="" face="HelveticaNeue" size="-1">In the
        summer of 2015, NOAA scientists published a <a
          href="http://science.sciencemag.org/content/348/6242/1469"
          target="_blank" style="padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px
          1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(251,
          193, 181); vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; outline:
          0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(246, 71, 30);
          text-decoration: none; font-weight: 700; transition: color
          0.2s ease-in; -webkit-transition: color 0.2s ease-in;"
          class="">paper</a> that ran counter to one narrative on global
        warming: While some data seemed to show the rate of warming had
        slowed or paused after 1998 and into the beginning of the 21st
        century, they wrote, an update to NOAA's influential temperature
        data set confirmed that warming had actually continued at a
        consistent pace during that time. The paper, which challenged
        the positions of climate skeptics, was politically
        controversial, and led to a Congressional subpoena for the team
        from Republican Lamar Smith. Now, <a
          href="http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/3/1/e1601207"
          target="_blank" style="padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px
          1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(251,
          193, 181); vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; outline:
          0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(246, 71, 30);
          text-decoration: none; font-weight: 700; transition: color
          0.2s ease-in; -webkit-transition: color 0.2s ease-in;"
          class="">new research</a> in <em style="padding: 0px; border:
          0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; outline: 0px;
          box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Science Advances</em> echoes
        what NOAA asserted two years ago.</font><br>
      <font size="-1"><a
href="http://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/whats-the-best-way-to-convince-a-climate-change-denier/"
          class=""><font class="" face="HelveticaNeue">http://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/whats-the-best-way-to-convince-a-climate-change-denier/</font></a></font><br>
    </blockquote>
    <a target="_blank" class="article
      usg-AFQjCNG_ciCodQZgwp35zjOkOZTwVSBLJg sig2-StP3PHQLlarHm6y-RcfAzw
      did-6217518840366953516"
      href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170105123158.htm"
url="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170105123158.htm"
      id="MAA4BUgGUABgAWoCdXM" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
      text-decoration: underline;"><span class="titletext"
        style="font-weight: bold;">Climate change could trigger strong
        sea level rise: International ...</span></a>
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                    </td>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
                      middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
                      17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </div>
    <blockquote>
      <div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
        padding-left: 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,
        sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
        font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
        font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
        text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
        white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
        -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
        255);">About 15000 years ago, the ocean around Antarctica has
        seen an abrupt sea level rise of several meters. It could happen
        again.<br>
        ... ice sheets melt more strongly than when the surrounding
        ocean is thoroughly mixed. This is exactly what is presently
        happening around the Antarctic.... <br>
        "The largest melt occurred 14,700 years ago. During this time
        the Antarctic contributed to a sea level rise of at least three
        meters within a few centuries." <br>
        <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
          href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170105123158.htm">https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170105123158.htm</a><br>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <div class="esc-lead-article-title-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 32px
      1px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
      font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
      normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
      letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
      0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
      word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
      background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
      <h2 class="esc-lead-article-title" style="font-size: 16px;
        line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><a
          target="_blank" class="article
          usg-AFQjCNGptFwU2-Y0mr-VYP6snLi_PzmTgA
          sig2-AEArVGMH1oq9pGnmxf1k6A did--3496165265087412421"
href="http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-stier-climate-change-and-syrian-civil-war-20170106-story.html"
url="http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-stier-climate-change-and-syrian-civil-war-20170106-story.html"
          id="MAA4AEgIUABgAWoCdXN6AA" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
          text-decoration: none;"><span class="titletext"
            style="font-weight: bold;">Seeing the devastation of<span
              class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
              style="font-weight: bold;">climate change</b><span
              class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in the ruins of
            Aleppo</span></a></h2>
    </div>
    <div class="esc-lead-article-source-wrapper" style="margin: 2px 32px
      2px 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
      font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
      normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
      letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
      0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
      word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
      background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
      <table class="al-attribution single-line-height" style="font-size:
        11px; line-height: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; color:
        rgb(153, 153, 153);" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td class="al-attribution-cell source-cell"
              style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
              white-space: nowrap;"><span class="al-attribution-source"
                style="white-space: nowrap;">Los Angeles Times</span></td>
            <td class="al-attribution-cell timestamp-cell"
              style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
              white-space: nowrap;"><span class="dash-separator"
                style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 13px; color:
                rgb(153, 153, 153);"> -<span
                  class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
                class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
                nowrap;">‎10 hours ago‎</span></td>
            <td class="al-attribution-cell sharebar-cell"
              style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;">
              <table id="0-sharebar" class="share-bar-table yesscript"
                style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; font-family:
                arial, sans-serif; table-layout: fixed; display:
                inline-block; margin-bottom: -4px; margin-left: 8px;"
                cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                <tbody>
                  <tr>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell sharebox-cell"
                      style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px 1px;
                      cursor: pointer; width: 17px; height: 16px;
                      visibility: visible;"><br>
                    </td>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
                      middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
                      17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
                    </td>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
                      middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
                      17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
                    </td>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
                      middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
                      17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </div>
    <blockquote>
      <div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
        padding-left: 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,
        sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
        font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
        font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
        text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
        white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
        -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
        255);">The amount of fossil fuel required to make cement is
        astonishing: Producing 1 ton of concrete, about a cubic yard,
        uses the equivalent of 400 pounds of coal.</div>
    </blockquote>
    <div class="esc-lead-article-title-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 32px
      1px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
      font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
      normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
      letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
      0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
      word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
      background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
      <h2 class="esc-lead-article-title" style="font-size: 16px;
        line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><a
          target="_blank" class="article
          usg-AFQjCNELLJG0IkQ8ZivmFIyACog54fQJdQ
          sig2-bpGHB4Lq6Ffnyfb2JBpneg did--1967233937323778138"
href="http://news.delaware.gov/2017/01/06/governors-weekly-message-addressing-threats-of-a-changing-climate/"
url="http://news.delaware.gov/2017/01/06/governors-weekly-message-addressing-threats-of-a-changing-climate/"
          id="MAA4AEgRUABgAWoCdXN6AA" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
          text-decoration: none;"><span class="titletext"
            style="font-weight: bold;">Governor's Weekly Message:
            Addressing Threats Of A Changing<span
              class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
              style="font-weight: bold;">Climate</b></span></a></h2>
    </div>
    <div class="esc-lead-article-source-wrapper" style="margin: 2px 32px
      2px 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
      font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
      normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
      letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
      0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
      word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
      background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
      <table class="al-attribution single-line-height" style="font-size:
        11px; line-height: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; color:
        rgb(153, 153, 153);" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td class="al-attribution-cell source-cell"
              style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
              white-space: nowrap;"><span class="al-attribution-source"
                style="white-space: nowrap;">news.delaware.gov</span></td>
            <td class="al-attribution-cell timestamp-cell"
              style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
              white-space: nowrap;"><span class="dash-separator"
                style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 13px; color:
                rgb(153, 153, 153);"> -<span
                  class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
                class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
                nowrap;">‎3 hours ago‎</span></td>
            <td class="al-attribution-cell sharebar-cell"
              style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;">
              <table id="52779336057868-sharebar" class="share-bar-table
                yesscript" style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0;
                font-family: arial, sans-serif; table-layout: fixed;
                display: inline-block; margin-bottom: -4px; margin-left:
                8px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                <tbody>
                  <tr>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell sharebox-cell"
                      style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px 1px;
                      cursor: pointer; width: 17px; height: 16px;
                      visibility: visible;"><br>
                    </td>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
                      middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
                      17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
                    </td>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
                      middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
                      17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
                    </td>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
                      middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
                      17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </div>
    <blockquote>
      <div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
        padding-left: 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,
        sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
        font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
        font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
        text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
        white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
        -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
        255);">"We've taken important steps to address this challenge by
        cutting<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
          style="font-weight: normal;">greenhouse gas</b><span
          class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>emissions from power
        plants, while investing in renewable energy, and we're making
        our low-lying state more resilient through projects like dike
        and beach restorations up<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
          style="font-weight: normal;">...</b></div>
    </blockquote>
    <div class="esc-lead-article-title-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 32px
      1px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
      font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
      normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
      letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
      0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
      word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
      background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
      <h2 class="esc-lead-article-title" style="font-size: 16px;
        line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-weight:
        bold;"><a target="_blank" class="article
          usg-AFQjCNFIJVTxE3a25Ys4BPbAMhANgut6yg
          sig2-vpDpWuqExqdy0fO18nSe3g did--5991292495305799544"
href="http://www.climatecentral.org/news/potential-collapse-key-atlantic-current-21024"
url="http://www.climatecentral.org/news/potential-collapse-key-atlantic-current-21024"
          id="MAA4BUgAUABgAWoCdXM" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
          text-decoration: none;"><span class="titletext"
            style="font-weight: bold;">Potential for Collapse of Key
            Atlantic Current Rises</span></a></h2>
    </div>
    <div class="esc-lead-article-source-wrapper" style="margin: 2px 32px
      2px 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
      font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
      normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
      letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
      0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
      word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
      background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
      <table class="al-attribution single-line-height" style="font-size:
        11px; line-height: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; color:
        rgb(153, 153, 153);" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td class="al-attribution-cell source-cell"
              style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
              display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
                class="al-attribution-source" style="white-space:
                nowrap;">Climate Central</span></td>
            <td class="al-attribution-cell timestamp-cell"
              style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
              display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
                class="dash-separator" style="font-size: 11px;
                line-height: 13px; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> -<span
                  class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
                class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
                nowrap;">‎12 hours ago‎</span></td>
            <td class="al-attribution-cell sharebar-cell"
              style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
              display: inline-block;">
              <table id="52779334143643-sharebar" class="share-bar-table
                yesscript" style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0;
                font-family: arial, sans-serif; table-layout: fixed;
                display: inline-block; margin-bottom: -4px; margin-left:
                8px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                <tbody>
                  <tr>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell sharebox-cell"
                      style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px 1px;
                      cursor: pointer; width: 17px; height: 16px;
                      visibility: visible;"><br>
                    </td>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
                      middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
                      17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
                    </td>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
                      middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
                      17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
                    </td>
                    <td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
                      middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
                      17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </div>
    <blockquote>
      <div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
        padding-left: 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,
        sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
        font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
        font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
        text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
        white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
        -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
        255);">The large, looping Atlantic Ocean current that keeps
        northwestern Europe fairly warm and influences sea levels along
        the U.S. coast is a key component of the Earth's<span
          class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b style="font-weight:
          normal;">climate</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>system.
        But because of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
          style="font-weight: normal;">global warming</b>, it may be
        more likely to substantially<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
          style="font-weight: normal;">..If that current, called the
          Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, were to slow down
          substantially, it could lead to chillier weather in northern
          and western Europe, starve economically important fisheries
          and cause waters to rise along the U.S. coast, leading to more
          so-called <b>"</b>sunny day<b>"</b> flooding and storm surge
          when hurricanes come ashore. It could also shift tropical rain
          belts, causing major disruptions to regional climate in
          Central and South America...<br>
          The new studies factor in elements that have been missing from
          previous projections of how likely the collapse of the current
          is. One study factors in the melting of the Greenland Ice
          Sheet, which is adding a pulse of freshwater into the North
          Atlantic, but is difficult to incorporate into current climate
          models. The other attempts to correct a bias in climate models
          that underestimates how unstable the AMOC really is...<br>
          While neither study is close to the final word on what might
          happen to this crucial current as global warming continues,
          the second, in particular, <b>"</b>raises some serious
          concerns<b>"</b> about our understanding and points to the
          need to improve models, said Tom Delworth, a research
          scientist with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
          Administration....More concerning is the bias in climate
          models addressed by the second study, published Wednesday in
          Science Advances. Effectively, models are missing the way an
          initial weakening of the current from ocean warming causes
          freshwater to build up, further weakening the overturning of
          the circulation. This relationship has been observed in recent
          direct ocean measurements, as well as paleo data....In their
          simulations, that collapse caused significant shifts in
          tropical rain belts and led to regional cooling over the
          northern Atlantic and nearby areas. Winter temperatures over
          parts of northern and western Europe were nearly 13°F (7°C)
          colder than present...<br>
          The results show how crucial it is to accurately represent the
          AMOC in climate models, as well as to continue gathering
          direct observations of the current, which began only about a
          decade ago, Delworth said...<br>
          <b>"</b>We use models for making any of these projections, so
          the projections are only as good as the models are,<b>"</b> he
          said. <b>"</b>I suspect this will be a real emphasis of
          research in the next few years.<b>"  </b></b><span
          style="font-weight: normal;">
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.climatecentral.org/news/potential-collapse-key-atlantic-current-21024">http://www.climatecentral.org/news/potential-collapse-key-atlantic-current-21024</a></span><b
          style="font-weight: normal;"><b><br>
          </b></b></div>
      <a href="http://www.realclimate.org/index.php?p=19900">'The
        underestimated danger of a breakdown of the Gulf Stream System'</a> 
      <br>
      <font size="-1">posted to RealClimate.org....A new model
        simulation of the Gulf Stream System shows a breakdown of the
        gigantic overturning circulating in the Atlantic after a CO2
        doubling...</font><font size="-1">. The Atlantic ocean
        circulation is relatively stable in the uncorrected model, only
        declining by about 20% in response to a CO2 doubling, but in the
        corrected model version it breaks down completely in the
        centuries following a CO2 doubling, with dramatic consequences
        for the climate of the Northern Hemisphere...</font><br>
      <font size="-1">The potential instability of the Atlantic
        Meridional Overturning Circulation or AMOC – commonly known as
        the Gulf Stream System – has been a subject of research since
        the 1980s, when Wallace Broecker warned in an essay in Nature of
        Unpleasant Surprises in the Greenhouse. The reason for this was
        growing evidence of abrupt climate changes in the history of the
        Earth due to instability of Atlantic currents.   </font><font
        size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
          href="http://www.realclimate.org/index.php?p=19900">http://www.realclimate.org/index.php?p=19900</a></font><br>
      <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EmiVhT5cHpw">Is the Gulf
        Stream System Slowing? – the Earth101 lecture</a><br>
      <font size="-1">A slowdown or even collapse of the Gulf Stream
        System as a result of global warming has long been a concern of
        climate scientists ...Regular direct observations of this giant
        ocean current system do not go back far enough to tell whether
        there is any long-term trend. However, in recent years indirect
        evidence is mounting for a remarkable slowdown over the 20th
        Century...</font><font size="-1"><a
          class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
          href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EmiVhT5cHpw">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EmiVhT5cHpw</a></font><br>
    </blockquote>
    <!--EndFragment--><!--EndFragment--><b><a
href="http://www.itechpost.com/articles/71733/20170106/global-warming-facts-data-shows-temperature-rise-constant.htm">Global
        Warming Facts: Data Shows Temperature Rise Is Constant</a></b><br>
    <blockquote> <font size="-1">Global warming is a reality that the
        world now faces. Global warming facts has data that shows that
        temperature rise is constant. Another ice age though might also
        be due, as scientists see ocean currents collapsing.</font><br>
      <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JK7NV2YheGk">(YouTube
        Video) NASA Sees Temperatures Rise and Sea Ice Shrink - Climate
        Trends 2016</a><br>
      <font size="-1">Two key climate change indicators have broken
        numerous records through the first half of 2016, according to
        NASA analyses of ground-based observations and satellite data.
        Each of the first six months of 2016 set a record as the warmest
        respective month globally in the modern temperature record,
        which dates to 1880. Meanwhile, five of the first six months set
        records for the smallest monthly Arctic sea ice extent since
        consistent satellite records began in 1979. NASA researchers are
        in the field this summer, collecting data to better understand
        our changing climate.</font><br>
      <font size="-1"> <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
          href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JK7NV2YheGk">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JK7NV2YheGk</a></font><br>
      <font size="-1"> <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.itechpost.com/articles/71733/20170106/global-warming-facts-data-shows-temperature-rise-constant.htm">http://www.itechpost.com/articles/71733/20170106/global-warming-facts-data-shows-temperature-rise-constant.htm</a></font><br>
    </blockquote>
    <a
href="http://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/07/us/warming-of-world-s-climate-expected-to-begin-in-the-80-s.html"><br>
    </a><font size="+1"><b><a
href="http://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/07/us/warming-of-world-s-climate-expected-to-begin-in-the-80-s.html">This
          Day in Climate History  January 7, 1982  </a> -  from D.R.
        Tucker</b></font><br>
    <blockquote> <font size="-1">January 7, 1982: The New York Times
        reports:</font><br>
      <font size="-1">"Mankind's activities in increasing the amount of
        carbon dioxide and other chemicals in the atmosphere can be
        expected to have a substantial warming effect on climate, with
        the first clear signs of the trend becoming evident within this
        decade, a scientist at the National Aeronautics and Space
        Administration said here today.</font><br>
      <font size="-1">"The changes are in prospect because of excess
        carbon dioxide put into the atmosphere as humans burn coal, gas,
        oil and wood and cut forests for agriculture and other purposes.
        More recently there has also been an atmospheric buildup of
        methane, nitrous oxide and other chemicals as a result of
        agriculture and industry, said Dr. James Hansen of the space
        agency's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York.</font><br>
      <font size="-1">"Dr. Hansen spoke at a session of the annual
        meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of
        Science here and amplified some of his remarks at a news
        conference."</font><br>
      <font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/07/us/warming-of-world-s-climate-expected-to-begin-in-the-80-s.html">http://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/07/us/warming-of-world-s-climate-expected-to-begin-in-the-80-s.html</a></font><br>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
                        =======================  ####
    ===========================<br>
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