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<font size="+1"><i>February 21, 2017 </i><a
href="http://www.dw.com/en/dubais-bid-to-cash-in-on-climate-change/a-37632398">Dubai
unimpressed by Trump</a></font><br>
<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.dw.com/en/dubais-bid-to-cash-in-on-climate-change/a-37632398">http://www.dw.com/en/dubais-bid-to-cash-in-on-climate-change/a-37632398</a></font><br>
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bold;"><a target="_blank" class="article
usg-AFQjCNFzQawptcpexrH9qT6h-yzMRNF36Q
sig2-bS5R11X8Y9rU1TIrPfAgpA did--5157412797841507588"
href="http://www.dw.com/en/dubais-bid-to-cash-in-on-climate-change/a-37632398"
url="http://www.dw.com/en/dubais-bid-to-cash-in-on-climate-change/a-37632398"
id="MAA4DEgBUABgAWoCdXM" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
text-decoration: none;"><span class="titletext"
style="font-weight: bold;">Dubai's bid to cash in on<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: bold;">climate change</b></span></a></h2>
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<blockquote> During the 5th World Government Summit in Dubai, the
government set out a bold vision for how adapting to climate
change could form the basis of an industry worth billions to the
country....<br>
On the surface, this commitment to combating climate change may
seem surprising given the region and country's dependence on oil.
Around 25 percent of UAE's GDP is based on oil and gas output,
primarily thanks to the oil-rich emirate of Abu Dhabi. While
recent efforts at economic diversification have reduced this
share, oil remains a key pillar of the economy.<br>
<b>Yet the realities of today's Middle East make climate change
increasingly difficult to ignore. </b>The arid region is
already experiencing some of the hottest summers on record.
Meanwhile, increases in food prices related to climate change are
thought to have played catalytic roles in the Syrian civil war and
other regional uprisings and conflicts.<br>
There is also growing awareness that, as much due to economics as
environmental science, <b>the end of the oil era is approaching
and the time to prepare is now.</b><br>
"I think countries in this region are realizing this is a
strategic issue for them, after all the fall of oil prices now
looks to be systemic not just cyclical," Jeffrey Sachs, director
of the Earth Institute at Columbia University, told DW at the
World Government Summit.<br>
"Countries in this region need to diversify and that is what the
Emirates is doing, moving from an economy based mainly on oil and
gas to one that is based on a trading center, a vacation spot, a
business hub, a transport hub and also deploying the renewable
energy that this region has. It has solar energy galore."....<br>
...On the surface, this commitment to combating climate change may
seem surprising given the region and country's dependence on oil.
Around 25 percent of UAE's GDP is based on oil and gas output,
primarily thanks to the oil-rich emirate of Abu Dhabi. While
recent efforts at economic diversification have reduced this
share, oil remains a key pillar of the economy.<br>
Yet the realities of today's Middle East make climate change
increasingly difficult to ignore. The arid region is already
experiencing some of the hottest summers on record. Meanwhile,
increases in food prices related to climate change are thought to
have played catalytic roles in the Syrian civil war and other
regional uprisings and conflicts.<br>
<b>There is also growing awareness that, as much due to economics
as environmental science, the end of the oil era is approaching
and the time to prepare is now.</b><br>
"I think countries in this region are realizing this is a
strategic issue for them, after all the fall of oil prices now
looks to be systemic not just cyclical," Jeffrey Sachs, director
of the Earth Institute at Columbia University, told DW at the
World Government Summit.<br>
"Countries in this region need to diversify and that is what the
Emirates is doing, moving from an economy based mainly on oil and
gas to one that is based on a trading center, a vacation spot, a
business hub, a transport hub and also deploying the renewable
energy that this region has. It has solar energy galore."<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/20/californias-biggest-security-threat-climate-change-says-former-adviser/">https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/20/californias-biggest-security-threat-climate-change-says-former-adviser/</a></font><br>
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sig2-BzWHwqqVYwfyO8ITqWxjeA did--5539270023993830315"
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url="https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/20/californias-biggest-security-threat-climate-change-says-former-adviser/"
id="MAA4AEgGUABgAWoCdXN6AA" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
text-decoration: none;"><span class="titletext"
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Threat? Climate Change,...</span></a></h2>
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<blockquote> Former National Security Adviser Richard Clarke warns
of serious security problems if sea level rise results in the
dramatic displacement of people...<br>
Clarke also stressed that the United States' federal budget will
be hit hard...<br>
"You are going to be spending huge amounts of money on flood
control and reconstruction of infrastructure," he said...<br>
"So much so, that you won't continue to have money to continue to
afford a large defense establishment like we have now."<br>
</blockquote>
<!--EndFragment--> <br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://phys.org/news/2017-02-ponds-climate.html">https://phys.org/news/2017-02-ponds-climate.html</a></font><br>
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usg-AFQjCNF21Wn76NxRPYmrO08_kg4RScIqXg
sig2-1R0F2aotBeccav34_WH8Vg did--7259819830491327356"
href="https://phys.org/news/2017-02-ponds-climate.html"
url="https://phys.org/news/2017-02-ponds-climate.html"
id="MAA4DEgDUABgAWoCdXM" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
text-decoration: underline;"><span class="titletext"
style="font-weight: bold;">Warming ponds could accelerate<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: bold;">climate change</b></span></a></h2>
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white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255);">Such effects are known as "positive feedbacks" - where the
effects of global warming on components of the biosphere lead to
changes that further<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: normal;">climate change</b>. "The amplified
effects of experimental warming we have observed in ponds are
different to ...<br>
<br>
</div>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><font size="-2"> </font></font><br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://sojo.net/articles/scientists-ponder-how-talk-faithful-about-climate-change">https://sojo.net/articles/scientists-ponder-how-talk-faithful-about-climate-change</a></font><br>
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href="https://sojo.net/articles/scientists-ponder-how-talk-faithful-about-climate-change"
url="https://sojo.net/articles/scientists-ponder-how-talk-faithful-about-climate-change"
id="MAA4AEgOUABgAWoCdXN6AA"
ping="//news.google.com/news/url?sr=1&ct2=us%2F1_0_s_14_1_a&sa=t&usg=AFQjCNHrM1hgeC4QnN5A0qeRzcgIz4mfOQ&cid=null&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsojo.net%2Farticles%2Fscientists-ponder-how-talk-faithful-about-climate-change&ei=XZ-rWIihApOuhAGsspbADA&sig2=Mfbnunl3vVecPSEYFfBhGg&rt=SECTION&vm=STANDARD&bvm=section&did=-1776385120723856083&sid=-5694810084437344861&ssid=cstm&st=2&at=dt0"
style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204); text-decoration: none;"><span
class="titletext" style="font-weight: bold;">Scientists
Ponder How to Talk to the Faithful About<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: bold;">Climate Change</b></span></a></h2>
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style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
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white-space: nowrap;"><span class="dash-separator"
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<div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
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sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
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-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255);">After sessions on gravitational waves, nuclear forensics,
and artificial intelligence, one of the world's largest general
science conferences invited attendees to hear from an Episcopal
priest.<br>
<br>
</div>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/feb/20/climate-change-us-solutions-dangers-series">https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/feb/20/climate-change-us-solutions-dangers-series</a></font><br>
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url="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/feb/20/climate-change-us-solutions-dangers-series"
id="MAA4DEgCUABgAWoCdXM" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
text-decoration: none;"><span class="titletext"
style="font-weight: bold;"><b style="font-weight: bold;">Climate
change</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in
the US: the dangers and the solutions – about this series</span></a></h2>
</div>
<div class="esc-lead-article-source-wrapper" style="margin: 2px 32px
2px 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
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<td class="al-attribution-cell source-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
class="al-attribution-source" style="white-space:
nowrap;">The Guardian</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell timestamp-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
class="dash-separator" style="font-size: 11px;
line-height: 13px; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> -<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
nowrap;">11 hours ago</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell sharebar-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
display: inline-block;">
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style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; font-family:
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<blockquote> This Guardian US series of articles and films on
climate change will focus on people already impacted, displaced or
threatened by sea level rise, and will examine how the threat can
be tackled, including with clean energy..<br>
</blockquote>
<!--EndFragment--><br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.eenews.net/tv/videos/2203">http://www.eenews.net/tv/videos/2203</a></font><br>
<b><a href="http://www.eenews.net/tv/videos/2203">(video) EPA
Environmental groups gear up for litigation ahead of Pruitt vote</a></b><br>
<blockquote>With a confirmation vote on U.S. EPA administrator
nominee Scott Pruitt expected within days, environmental groups
are strategizing ahead of what will likely be a busy and
significant period of litigation. During today's OnPoint, Josh
Stebbins, managing attorney at the Sierra Club Environmental Law
Program, discusses the future of environmental law and the impact
Supreme Court nominee Neil Gorsuch could have on key rulemakings.<br>
<a href="http://www.eenews.net/tv/videos/2203">(Transcript)
http://www.eenews.net/tv/videos/2203</a><br>
Josh Stebbins: "Actually, the economics have been part of the
promulgation of these rules, and time and again, the economic and
analysis shows that these rules derive greater benefits than they
do have cost. I would be very comfortable in having an honest
discussion about economics and the economic benefits this delivers
to the American public. One thing to keep in mind, though, is also
where do those benefits and costs get distributed? Well, I can
tell you that the public health safeguards that are achieved under
our environmental statutes and our environmental regulations,
they're felt by all of America. They're felt by mainstream
Americans, they're felt by families, particularly they're felt by
children and elderly and infirm. And those are parts of our
society that we have to be there to protect."<br>
"I don't want to speculate too much about anything specific, but
he (Pruitt) certainly does have an anti-regulatory approach. He's
got a track record of trying to block public health safeguards
that EPA's put in place. So my expectation would be that his
activities as a — as the administrator of EPA, should he become
the administrator of EPA, would be in keeping with that, which is
really protecting polluters and not the public."<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.eenews.net/greenwire/2017/02/20/stories/1060050315">http://www.eenews.net/greenwire/2017/02/20/stories/1060050315</a></font><br>
<font color="#000066"><b><a
href="http://www.eenews.net/greenwire/2017/02/20/stories/1060050315">EPA
Pruitt wants 24/7 bodyguards</a></b></font><br>
<header class="headline_block" style="background: rgb(255, 255,
255); border: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px;
padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; color:
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-style:
normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps:
normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">
<section class="byline" style="background: transparent; border:
0px; font-size: 13px; margin: 0.25em 0px 0px; outline: 0px;
padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; color:
rgb(85, 85, 85); font-weight: bold;">
<p style="background: transparent; border: 0px; font-size:
12px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline;"><a
href="http://www.eenews.net/staff/Robin_Bravender"
style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px;
vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent; color:
rgb(85, 85, 85); text-decoration: none;">Robin Bravender</a>,
E&E News reporter</p>
<time datetime="2017-02-20 13:07:32 -0500" style="background:
transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px;
outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-weight: normal; font-style: italic;">Published: Monday,
February 20, 2017</time></section>
</header>
U.S. EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt — one of President Trump's
most controversial Cabinet-level picks — was expected to request
an around-the-clock security detail from his agency, according to
an internal agency email obtained by E&E News. Such protection
would mark a dramatic increase from security given past
administrators and could curtail resources available for EPA's
criminal enforcement, according to former agency officials.<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2017/0220/Science-activism-continues-its-rise-with-Boston-rally">http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2017/0220/Science-activism-continues-its-rise-with-Boston-rally</a></font><br>
<!--StartFragment-->
<div class="esc-lead-article-title-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 32px
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<h2 class="esc-lead-article-title" style="font-size: 16px;
line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-weight:
bold;"><a target="_blank" class="article
usg-AFQjCNEcRPysOkrihc5poiTyHxud1FCU4A
sig2-bl29gE9g6pyRXPy9J0XoBA did--1318519675821606063"
href="http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2017/0220/Science-activism-continues-its-rise-with-Boston-rally"
url="http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2017/0220/Science-activism-continues-its-rise-with-Boston-rally"
id="MAA4CkgAUABgAWoCdXM" ssid="snc" style="color: rgb(17, 85,
204); text-decoration: underline;"><span class="titletext"
style="font-weight: bold;">Science activism continues its
rise with Boston rally</span></a></h2>
</div>
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2px 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
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word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<table class="al-attribution single-line-height" style="font-size:
11px; line-height: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; color:
rgb(153, 153, 153);" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
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style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
class="al-attribution-source" style="white-space:
nowrap;">Christian Science Monitor</span></td>
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style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
class="dash-separator" style="font-size: 11px;
line-height: 13px; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> -<span
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class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
nowrap;">2 hours ago</span></td>
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style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
display: inline-block;">
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yesscript" style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0;
font-family: arial, sans-serif; table-layout: fixed;
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visibility: visible;"><br>
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middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
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</div>
<div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
padding-left: 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255);">Faced with the possibility of cuts to research agencies and
what appears to be suppression of data, attendees at Sunday's
rally added their voices to a growing chorus of concerned
scientists.</div>
<font size="-1"><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/02/170220085126.htm">https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/02/170220085126.htm</a></font><br>
<!--StartFragment-->
<div class="esc-lead-article-title-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 32px
1px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<h2 class="esc-lead-article-title" style="font-size: 16px;
line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-weight:
bold;"><a target="_blank" class="article
usg-AFQjCNHqbq4U0wQbsQ85uCArvh-J3o2T1w
sig2-NlTOcnSyd3KFtYRmQ8cj8A did--6867333168035349530"
href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/02/170220085126.htm"
url="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/02/170220085126.htm"
id="MAA4DEgAUABgAWoCdXM" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
text-decoration: none;"><span class="titletext"
style="font-weight: bold;">More warm-dwelling animals and
plants as a result of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: bold;">climate change</b></span></a></h2>
</div>
<div class="esc-lead-article-source-wrapper" style="margin: 2px 32px
2px 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
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normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
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word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<table class="al-attribution single-line-height" style="font-size:
11px; line-height: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; color:
rgb(153, 153, 153);" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="al-attribution-cell source-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
class="al-attribution-source" style="white-space:
nowrap;">Science Daily</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell timestamp-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
class="dash-separator" style="font-size: 11px;
line-height: 13px; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> -<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
nowrap;">3 hours ago</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell sharebar-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
display: inline-block;">
<table id="52779391339682-sharebar" class="share-bar-table
yesscript" style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0;
font-family: arial, sans-serif; table-layout: fixed;
display: inline-block; margin-bottom: -4px; margin-left:
8px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="share-bar-cell sharebox-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px 1px;
cursor: pointer; width: 17px; height: 16px;
visibility: visible;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
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</td>
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</table>
</div>
<div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
padding-left: 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255);">The most obvious increases occurred among warm-dwelling
birds, butterflies, beetles, soil organisms and lichens according
to a new study.<br>
<br>
</div>
<!--EndFragment--><br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.desmogblog.com/2017/02/18/fossil-fuel-companies-telling-investors-enough-risks-climate-change">https://www.desmogblog.com/2017/02/18/fossil-fuel-companies-telling-investors-enough-risks-climate-change</a></font><br>
<b><a
href="https://www.desmogblog.com/2017/02/18/fossil-fuel-companies-telling-investors-enough-risks-climate-change">Are
Fossil Fuel Companies Telling Investors Enough About the Risks
of Climate Change?</a></b><br>
<blockquote> Prior to President Donald Trump taking office, there
was a push to require oil and gas companies to inform their
investors about the risks of climate change. As governments step
up efforts to regulate carbon emissions, the thinking goes, fossil
fuel companies' assets could depreciate in value over time....<br>
The Securities and Exchange Commission, for example, was probing
how ExxonMobil discloses the impact of that risk on the value of
its reserves. ....<br>
Now that Republicans control Congress and the White House, will
the SEC reverse course? And should it?...<br>
The Trump administration's apparent skepticism regarding climate
change may portend such a change in direction. And Congress'
decision to roll back transparency rules for U.S. energy companies
in the Dodd-Frank Act suggests transparency policy more broadly is
being loosened....<br>
The terms of this debate, however, remain premised on the notion
that investors don't have enough information to accurately assess
the impact of climate change on company value.<b> A growing body
of academic research, including our own, suggests they already
do and that a compromise path that improves the terms and
conditions for voluntary disclosure might be optimal.</b><br>
"Stranded" Assets -- Such a change in direction would be good
news for ExxonMobil in its fight with the SEC over climate change
disclosure....<br>
Last year, ExxonMobil announced that 4.6 billion barrels of oil
and gas assets — 20 percent of its current inventory of future
prospects —<b> may be too expensive to tap</b>. <b>That would be
the largest asset write-down in its history. </b>So far, the
company has written down US$2 billion in expensive, above-market
cost natural gas assets. More write-downs — this time possibly oil
sands — may be forthcoming...<br>
It's not clear how much of that are tied to the risks of climate
change, but some took it as evidence that the fossil fuel industry
is not doing enough to inform investors about those risks....<br>
Disclosure advocates in the United States and Europe have been
urging oil and gas companies to say more about the potential for
their booked assets to become "stranded" over time. Stranded
assets are mainly oil and gas reserves that might have to stay in
the ground as a result of a combination of new efficiency
technologies and policy actions that seek to limit greenhouse gas
emissions...<br>
The collapse in coal equities last year highlighted that concern.
Intensifying price competition from cleaner energy sources such as
natural gas and solar energy and the increasing cost of developing
cleaner coal overwhelmed the industry's already declining
revenue...<br>
Whatever policy direction the SEC takes on climate risk, it is<b>
unlikely to deter those investors who believe the present system
of voluntary and mandatory disclosure has failed to provide them
with sufficient information on the risks of climate change.</b>
And some market participants, such as <b>Bank of England Governor
Mark Carney, worry that the underreporting of climate change
information is creating a big risk for financial markets — a
carbon bubble — that could lead to a major market failure.</b><br>
Currently, the SEC requires mandatory disclosure of all "material"
information, while everything else is voluntary. This system has
created a vast amount of publicly available information on the
costs and risks of climate change.<br>
But as the recent ExxonMobil revelations highlight, the market
clearly does not have all information. There are good reasons for
this. For competitive reasons and business survival, certain
company information is kept confidential and private.<br>
The courts and the SEC have always acknowledged a company's right
to privacy regarding certain information. Companies, moreover,
argue it could be harmful to shareholders if disclosed
prematurely. An appropriate balance is required.<br>
<b>Costs of Carbon-- Our own research confirms that financial
markets already price climate risk into oil and gas company
stocks based on company reports and other data available from
public and proprietary sources</b>. These data allow investors
to estimate reasonably accurately the effects of climate change on
companies, including the expectation of write-downs....<br>
For example, our work suggests that investors first began pricing
in this kind of data as early as 2009, when the scientific climate
change evidence about stranded assets first became known. Our
latest research, soon to be published in Contemporary Accounting
Research, shows that the share price of the median company in the
Standard & Poor's 500 reflects a penalty of about $79 per ton
of carbon emissions (based on data through 2012). This penalty
considers all S&P 500 companies, not just oil and gas firms.
Importantly, this research also shows that investors are able to
assess this penalty from company disclosures and the noncompany
information available on climate change risk.<br>
This penalty comprises the expected cost of carbon mitigation and
the possible loss of revenue from cheaper energy sources.<br>
Exxon, for its part, says it prices the cost of long-term carbon
internally at $80 a ton, matching our market model.<br>
The Right Mix -- All this begs the question of what level of
additional mandatory disclosure is needed to improve the "total
mix of information available" for investors on which to base
decisions.<br>
With climate change a pressing concern, investors certainly have a
right to demand more disclosure, and we agree with that. But at
what cost?<br>
Indeed, the cost of disclosure can be significant, and it's not
just the direct out-of-pocket costs that policymakers should
consider when drawing up new regulations. Indirect costs, such as
forcing oil and gas companies to disclose vital confidential
information to rivals, could be particularly burdensome to
particular companies. And society could pay a heavy price if new
rules lead companies to make unwise operating or investment
decisions or postpone investment unnecessarily. Energy costs could
increase or supplies decrease because of miscalculations.<br>
Additionally, the private sector is trying to fill the gap on its
own.<b> Moody's Investor Service, for example, announced in June
that it will now independently assess carbon transition risk as
part of its credit rating for companies in 13 sectors, including
oil and gas.</b><br>
SEC Voluntary Disclosure Program -- Given these and other
factors, rather than mandate any new disclosures now, we urge the
SEC to first implement a voluntary program along the lines of its
successful 1976 program for the disclosure of sensitive foreign
payments (like bribes). The SEC's report on this program showed no
harm to the stock prices of participants after they disclosed
payments.<br>
In fact, it is often the lack of participation that invites a
negative stock price response, as markets often view nondisclosing
businesses as those with something to hide.<br>
This voluntary program also helped pave the way for the Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, which formalized the accounting
requirements for bribery payments to foreign officials.<br>
We would hope that a voluntary disclosure program for climate
change would achieve a similar goal: that is, formal SEC
disclosure requirements that consider the interests of all
parties.<br>
Such a program could initially target a defined group, such as the
50 largest SEC-registered oil and gas firms. That would give the
SEC and private organizations like Moody's the additional hard
data and experience needed to examine the costs, benefits and
financial market impacts of climate change risk disclosures.<br>
Doing this would pave the way for more permanent rule-making to
better serve the needs of investors, companies and, ultimately,
the public.<br>
<i>Paul Griffin is Professor of Management at the University of
California, Davis and Amy Myers Jaffe is Executive Director for
Energy and Sustainability, University of California, Davis. This
article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the
original article. The Conversation</i><br>
</blockquote>
<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/opinion/editorials/ct-carbon-air-pollution-climate-change-edit-0221-md-20170216-story.html">http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/opinion/editorials/ct-carbon-air-pollution-climate-change-edit-0221-md-20170216-story.html</a></font><br>
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usg-AFQjCNH0yK65qAu0jYWHljecp2Yd_285uQ
sig2-BQyaG1xFJ2lnLUudYFSSqg did-7105048196214283657"
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text-decoration: underline;"><span class="titletext"
style="font-weight: bold;">A better remedy for<b
style="font-weight: bold;"> climate change</b>: Less
government and less pollution</span></a></h2>
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<blockquote> To conservatives, climate change looks like a blank
check written to "Big Government." Scott Pruitt, Donald Trump's
nominee to head the Environmental Protection Agency, is one of
those conservatives...<br>
But Americans don't have to choose between a free, thriving
economy and a healthy planet. A new plan comes from the Climate
Leadership Council, which includes George Shultz and James Baker,
who respectively served as secretary of state under Ronald Reagan
and George H.W. Bush, as well as Martin Feldstein and N. Gregory
Mankiw, who headed the president's Council of Economic Advisers
under Reagan and George W. Bush. It's an ingenious effort to
satisfy Democrats and Republicans, free-market stalwarts as well
as devoted environmentalists...<br>
The centerpiece is a tax on carbon dioxide emissions that would
start low and rise over time. At $40 a ton, the initial rate, it
would raise gasoline prices by about 36 cents a gallon — a modest
increase, but big enough to affect business and consumer
decisions...<br>
Making fossil fuels more expensive would stimulate conservation,
speed the shift of power plants from coal to natural gas and make
renewable fuels more price-competitive. The result would be a
steady reduction in carbon emissions, which in turn would put a
brake on global warming.<br>
</blockquote>
<i></i><i><font color="#666666"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.outsidethebeltway.com/santorum-and-climate-change-theology/">http://www.outsidethebeltway.com/santorum-and-climate-change-theology/</a></font><br>
</i><font size="+1"><font size="+1"><b><a
href="http://www.outsidethebeltway.com/santorum-and-climate-change-theology/">This
Day in Climate History February 21, 2012 </a> - from D.R.
Tucker</b></font><i><font size="+1"><b><br>
</b></font></i></font>
<blockquote><font size="+1"><i><font size="+1"><b> </b></font></i></font>Conservative
blogger Steven L. Taylor calls out GOP presidential candidate Rick
Santorum for his repeated denials of climate change:<br>
"[C]onservatives ultimately see any attempt at environment
regulation as really not about the environment anyway, but about
an excuse for increased government control. Not only does this
pay into general concerns about 'big government' but this strand
of the argument asserts that all this researchy/sciencey talk is
just a ruse: those guys aren't really scientists interested in
understanding the environment. No! They are Marxists in lab
coats looking to fool you all into socialism!<br>
"Now, understand: I do not consider myself an expert on climate
change. I do not even have especially strong views on the
subject, although I do accept the rather overwhelming scientific
consensus that we have a climate change problem. What this means
in terms of policy is another issue. However, I find it
problematic when politicians hand-wave over serious issues [due
to] some inherent belief that they understand topics that would
otherwise require a lifetime of study to understand...Further,
while I understand concerns over taxes and regulations, that
doesn't make issues like pollution go away.<br>
"In short: if one is going to make arguments on this topic (and
seek to influence policy in this arena) I would like to see more
than appeals to the Biblical creation story and fear mongering
about government control."<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.outsidethebeltway.com/santorum-and-climate-change-theology/">http://www.outsidethebeltway.com/santorum-and-climate-change-theology/</a><br>
</blockquote>
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