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<font size="+1"><i>February 28, 2017 </i></font><font
size="+1"><i>Shell knew and warned - 30 min film from 1991</i></font><br>
<br>
(Video 30 min) <font color="#666666" size="-2"> <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://thecorrespondent.com/6285/shell-made-a-film-about-climate-change-in-1991-then-neglected-to-heed-its-own-warning/692663565-875331f6">https://thecorrespondent.com/6285/shell-made-a-film-about-climate-change-in-1991-then-neglected-to-heed-its-own-warning/692663565-875331f6</a></font><br>
<b><a
href="https://thecorrespondent.com/6285/shell-made-a-film-about-climate-change-in-1991-then-neglected-to-heed-its-own-warning/692663565-875331f6">Shell
made a film about climate change in 1991 (then neglected to heed
its own warning)</a></b><br>
Climate of Concern: The film Shell made in 1991 to warn about
climate change (30 min.)<br>
Shell issued a stark warning of the disastrous risk of climate
change over a quarter of a century ago, in a prescient film newly
revealed today. The oil giant's farsighted film Climate of Concern
clearly laid out in 1991 how the burning of fossil fuels was already
warming the world and that there could be serious consequences.
According to Shell's own website, the film was "one of the earliest
warnings about the threat of global warming and how the world might
deal with it." We at The Correspondent are making the film available
to the public once again.<br>
<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/28/shell-knew-oil-giants-1991-film-warned-climate-change-danger">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/28/shell-knew-oil-giants-1991-film-warned-climate-change-danger</a></font><br>
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href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/28/shell-knew-oil-giants-1991-film-warned-climate-change-danger"
url="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/28/shell-knew-oil-giants-1991-film-warned-climate-change-danger"
id="MAA4DEgAUABgAWoCdXM" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
text-decoration: none;"><span class="titletext"
style="font-weight: bold;">'Shell knew': oil giant's 1991
film warned of<b style="font-weight: bold;">climate change</b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>danger</span></a></h2>
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<blockquote>Public information film unseen for years shows Shell had
clear grasp of global warming 26 years ago but has not acted
accordingly since, say critics..<br>
The oil giant Shell issued a stark warning of the catastrophic
risks of climate change more than a quarter of century ago in a
prescient 1991 film that has been rediscovered...<br>
However, since then the company has invested heavily in highly
polluting oil reserves and helped lobby against climate action,
leading to accusations that Shell knew the grave risks of global
warming but did not act accordingly.<br>
Shell's 28-minute film, called Climate of Concern, was made for
public viewing, particularly in schools and universities. It
warned of extreme weather, floods, famines and climate refugees as
fossil fuel burning warmed the world. The serious warning was
"endorsed by a uniquely broad consensus of scientists in their
report to the United Nations at the end of 1990", the film
noted...<br>
"If the weather machine were to be wound up to such new levels of
energy, no country would remain unaffected," it says. "Global
warming is not yet certain, but many think that to wait for final
proof would be irresponsible. Action now is seen as the only safe
insurance."...<br>
A separate 1986 report, marked "confidential" and also seen by the
Guardian, notes the large uncertainties in climate science at the
time but nonetheless states: "The changes may be the greatest in
recorded history."...<br>
The predictions in the 1991 film for temperature and sea level
rises and their impacts were remarkably accurate, according to
scientists, and Shell was one of the first major oil companies to
accept the reality and dangers of climate change....<br>
But, despite this early and clear-eyed view of the risks of global
warming, Shell invested many billions of dollars in highly
polluting tar sand operations and on exploration in the Arctic. It
also cited fracking as a "future opportunity" in 2016, despite its
own 1998 data showing exploitation of unconventional oil and gas
was incompatible with climate goals.<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/28/shell-film-warning-climate-change-rate-faster-than-end-ice-age">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/28/shell-film-warning-climate-change-rate-faster-than-end-ice-age</a></font><br>
<b><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/28/shell-film-warning-climate-change-rate-faster-than-end-ice-age">Shell's
1991 warning: climate changing 'at faster rate than at any
time since end of ice age'</a></b><br>
....The revelation of the film, obtained by the Correspondent, a
Dutch online journalism platform, and shared with the Guardian,
has renewed the criticism....<br>
"The film shows that Shell understood that the threat was dire,
potentially existential for civilisation, more than a quarter of a
century ago," said Jeremy Leggett, a solar power entrepreneur and
former geologist who had earlier researched shale deposits with
Shell and BP funding....<br>
...Shell had, in fact, known of the risks of climate change even
earlier. A "confidential" company report written in 1986, also
seen by the Guardian, noted the significant uncertainties in
climate science at the time but warned of the possibility of "fast
and dramatic" changes that "would impact on the human environment,
future living standards and food supplies, and could have major
social, economic, and political consequences"....<br>
In 1989, Shell had already taken the effects of climate change
into account in the construction of an oil rig. But in the same
year, the so-called Global Climate Coalition (GCC) was formed by
the major oil companies, including Shell's US operation Shell Oil.
It lobbied hard to cast doubt on climate science and oppose
government action, and in 1998 Shell withdrew, citing
"irreconcilable" differences...<br>
However, Shell remained a member of another business lobby group
that campaigned against climate action, the American Legislative
Exchange Council, until 2015 and remains a member of the Business
Roundtable and American Petroleum Institute, which both fought
against Barack Obama's Clean Power Plan....<br>
...Shell's 1986 report said the climate change problem was one
that "ultimately only governments can tackle". But it also noted,
over three decades ago, that the energy industry "has very strong
interests at stake and much expertise to contribute. It also has
its own reputation to consider, there being much potential for
public anxiety and pressure group activity."<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/8-health-risks-made-worse-by-climate-change/1/">http://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/8-health-risks-made-worse-by-climate-change/1/</a><br>
<b><a
href="http://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/8-health-risks-made-worse-by-climate-change/1/">8
health risks that could get worse with climate change</a></b><br>
<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/despair-mental-health-trauma-cost-unchecked-climate-change/">http://www.cbsnews.com/news/despair-mental-health-trauma-cost-unchecked-climate-change/</a></font><br>
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id="MAA4DEgAUABgAWoCdXM" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
text-decoration: none;"><span class="titletext"
style="font-weight: bold;">"A sense of despair": The mental
health cost of unchecked<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: bold;">climate change</b></span></a></h2>
</div>
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<blockquote> Climate change is taking an obvious physical toll on
earth: from depleted farmland to the rise of toxic pollution to
the degradation of long-stable ecosystems to the disappearance of
biodiversity and endangered species. ..<br>
But looking beyond the physical, experts are also trying to sound
the alarm about the quieter, more insidious effects of climate
change: namely, that global warming is threatening the mental and
emotional health of humans worldwide...<br>
"We see a sense of despair that sets in as inevitably Mother
Nature, who we think of as our nurturing force, tells us we're not
going to be able to survive the conditions she's set for us," Dr.
Lise Van Susteran, a practicing psychiatrist and expert on the
dangers of climate change on mental health, told CBS News. ..<br>
Dr. Van Susteran presented on this topic earlier this month at the
Climate & Health Meeting in Atlanta, a conference that looked
at climate change through the lens of public health. Former Vice
President Al Gore organized the meeting when, days before
President Trump's inauguration, a long-planned Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) summit on the topic was abruptly
cancelled...<br>
Extreme weather, extreme trauma, extreme aggression<br>
Study after study shows that climate change has led to an
increased burden of psychological disease and injury worldwide,
particularly in developing countries<br>
In cities, babies who are exposed in the uterus to higher levels
of urban air pollutants (known as polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons) are more likely to develop symptoms of anxiety and
depression down the line, Columbia University researchers found in
2012. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are the chemicals come from
burning fossil fuels. <br>
"Climate anxiety" can cripple individuals regardless of their
geography, privilege, or vulnerability to the effects of climate
change, Dr. Van Susteran said. Joining with other mental health
professionals, she is one of the founders behind the Climate Psych
Alliance, a new coalition trying to raise awareness about the
links between climate change and clinical trauma. <br>
"You can see how desperate, angry, despairing people are," she
said. "It's a legitimate response to what people see as inaction,
intentional inaction... Whether we know it or not, whether you
accept it or not, everyone experiences climate anxiety."<br>
In the age of an unstable climate, the link between natural
disasters and psychological trauma is "under-examined,
underestimated and not adequately monitored," Italian researchers
assessed in a January study in the journal Occupational and
Environmental Medicine. That research gap is particularly
worrisome in Africa, German researchers said in a paper published
last year. <br>
Climate change is often the hidden catalyst — the fuel behind war,
displacement and collapsed economies that doesn't make it into the
headlines.<br>
Syria's civil war, for instance, is most frequently framed as an
entrenched political conflict. Closer examination shows that's far
from the full story: in fact, the country's six-year conflict is
rooted in a devastating drought. Earnings depleted and Syrian
farmers moved to overcrowded cities, where political corruption
and public health crises helped foment bloody revolution. <br>
Climate change carries enormous political risk for the 21st
century, Dr. Van Susteran warned. <br>
"In times of peril and scarcity, people regress," she said. "They
turn to what they perceive as strong leaders to protect them, and
are willing to give up their freedoms and values in exchange for
perceived security."<br>
</blockquote>
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<blockquote>The question is not whether climate change exists but
what to do about it.<br>
It is difficult to find a respected scientist in the United States
or around the world who disputes man-made contributions to climate
change, certainly not the thousands of scientists first organized
by the United Nations in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change<br>
Yet, the new administration is fueled by "alternative facts" from
the anti-science earth-is-flat crowd...<br>
President Donald Trump has called it a hoax. And the Republican
Party platform in 2016 said climate change was invented by
"environmental extremists" in the Democratic Party working to
"sustain the illusion of an environmental crisis."..<br>
That platform reverses the GOP's 2008 position when it recognized
that human activity had increased carbon dioxide and other
greenhouse gases, including chlorofluorocarbons...<br>
More alarming is that funds to research climate change may be cut,
prompting universities and scientists to store information away
from government agencies. Trump has threatened to stop paying for
NASA's world-renowned research into temperature, ice, clouds and
other climate phenomena......<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
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style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204); text-decoration: underline;"><span
class="titletext" style="font-weight: bold;">6 Words That
Could Go Extinct Because of<b style="font-weight: bold;">
Climate Change</b></span></a></h2>
</div>
<div class="esc-lead-article-source-wrapper" style="margin: 2px 32px
2px 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
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word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<table class="al-attribution single-line-height" style="font-size:
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rgb(153, 153, 153);" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="al-attribution-cell source-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
class="al-attribution-source" style="white-space:
nowrap;">Outside Magazine</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell timestamp-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
class="dash-separator" style="font-size: 11px;
line-height: 13px; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> -<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
nowrap;">4 hours ago</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell sharebar-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
display: inline-block;">
<table id="0-sharebar" class="share-bar-table yesscript"
style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; font-family:
arial, sans-serif; table-layout: fixed; display:
inline-block; margin-bottom: -4px; margin-left: 8px;"
cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="share-bar-cell sharebox-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px 1px;
cursor: pointer; width: 17px; height: 16px;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px;"><br>
</td>
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</tbody>
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</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<!--EndFragment--><b>Leg Basket</b> Noun: A compartmental
structure on the hind legs of certain bees used to harvest and
transport pollen.<br>
<!--StartFragment--><!--EndFragment--><b>Lift Line</b> Noun: The
queue of skiers and snowboarders waiting to board a chairlift for a
ride up the mountain at a winter resort.<br>
<b>Lanthanides</b> Noun: The series of rare-earth elements used
in the production of myriad green and high-tech devices.<br>
<b>Icefoot </b> Noun: An unmoving ribbon of sea ice that
attaches to the coast or edge of a glacier.<br>
<b>Scallop Dredge</b> Noun: A rake/cage/net thingamabob that's
dragged along the bottom of the ocean to collect scallops for
consumption.<br>
<b>Hogshead</b> Noun: A large cask, a unit of measure for a large
volume of liquid, usually beer or wine.<br>
<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://apnews.com/31c4f7145d524de7a70fae4d5b8f8744">https://apnews.com/31c4f7145d524de7a70fae4d5b8f8744</a></font><br>
<b><a href="https://apnews.com/31c4f7145d524de7a70fae4d5b8f8744">Records
show EPA's Pruitt used private email, despite denial</a></b><br>
<blockquote>WASHINGTON (AP) — Environmental Protection Agency
administrator Scott Pruitt occasionally used private email to
communicate with staff while serving as Oklahoma's attorney
general, despite telling Congress that he had always used a state
email account for government business.<br>
A review of Pruitt emails obtained by The Associated Press through
a public records request showed a 2014 exchange where the
Republican emailed a member of his staff using a personal Apple
email account.<br>
Emails released under court order last week in response to a
different public records request yielded additional examples where
emails were addressed to Pruitt's private account, including a
2013 exchange with a petroleum industry lobbyist who emailed
Pruitt and a lawyer on the attorney general's staff. That suggests
Pruitt made his private email address available to professional
contacts outside his office.<br>
It is not illegal in Oklahoma for public officials to use private
email as long as they are retained and made available as public
records. Pruitt's use of the private account appears to directly
contradict statements he made last month as part of his Senate
confirmation.<br>
In a written questionnaire, Sen. Cory Booker, D-N.J., asked Pruitt
whether he had ever conducted state business using personal email
accounts. Pruitt responded: "I use only my official OAG email
address and government issued phone to conduct official business."
...<br>
AP and other news organizations reported last week that 7,500
pages of emails released following a lawsuit filed by a
left-leaning advocacy group showed Pruitt and his staff in
Oklahoma coordinated closely on legal strategy with fossil-fuel
companies and special interest groups working to undermine federal
efforts to curb planet-warming carbon emissions.<br>
The emails were released after an Oklahoma judge ruled that Pruitt
had been illegally withholding his correspondence, which is public
record under state law, for the last two years. Pruitt's
Republican successor, new Oklahoma Attorney General Mike Hunter,
has appealed that ruling and is fighting to keep hundreds more
withheld emails from public view. Hunter's spokesman, Lincoln
Ferguson, did not return telephone and email messages on Monday
seeking clarification on Pruitt's use of a private email or
whether more messages to the Apple account were among those still
being withheld.<br>
Senate Democrats earlier this month sought to delay a vote on
Pruitt's confirmation until after the requested emails were
released. Republican leaders used their slim majority to confirm
him to lead the federal agency he had frequently criticized and
repeatedly sued during his six years as Oklahoma's attorney
general.<br>
Pruitt's use of private email was first reported earlier this
month by FOX 25 television of Oklahoma City.<br>
Senate environment committee chairman John Barrasso, R-Wy.,
declined to comment Monday about whether Pruitt was inaccurate in
his testimony. Barrasso's spokesman, Mike Danylak, pointed to
another exchange during Pruitt's testimony where he was asked
whether he would use only government email to conduct business at
EPA, so that his correspondence would be publicly available
through the Freedom of Information Act.<br>
"I really believe that public participation and transparency in
rulemaking is very important," Pruitt responded.<br>
</blockquote>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.facebook.com/senatorsanders">https://www.facebook.com/senatorsanders</a></font><br>
<!--StartFragment-->
<div class="esc-lead-article-title-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 32px
1px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<h2 class="esc-lead-article-title" style="font-size: 18px;
line-height: 21px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><a
target="_blank" class="article
usg-AFQjCNGeaXMscJnFnTPA22Gd7-kj6Pvzmw
sig2-dPgXCa4h81ssSLKaLDgv0A did--2455930421943626836"
href="http://forward.com/fast-forward/364256/bernie-sanders-and-science-guy-hold-climate-change-forum/"
url="http://forward.com/fast-forward/364256/bernie-sanders-and-science-guy-hold-climate-change-forum/"
id="MAA4AEgHUABgAWoCdXN6AA"
ping="//news.google.com/news/url?sr=1&ct2=us%2F1_0_s_7_1_a&sa=t&usg=AFQjCNGeaXMscJnFnTPA22Gd7-kj6Pvzmw&cid=52779400041600&url=http%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Ffast-forward%2F364256%2Fbernie-sanders-and-science-guy-hold-climate-change-forum%2F&ei=5aq0WMiuPMjbhAGmoYvADw&sig2=dPgXCa4h81ssSLKaLDgv0A&rt=SECTION&vm=STANDARD&bvm=section&did=-2455930421943626836&sid=-5694810084437344861&ssid=cstm&st=2&at=dt0"
style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204); text-decoration: none;"><span
class="titletext" style="font-weight: bold;">Bernie Sanders
And 'Science Guy' Hold<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: bold;">Climate Change</b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Forum</span></a></h2>
</div>
<div class="esc-lead-article-source-wrapper" style="margin: 2px 32px
2px 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<table class="al-attribution single-line-height" style="font-size:
11px; line-height: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; color:
rgb(153, 153, 153);" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="al-attribution-cell source-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
white-space: nowrap;"><span class="al-attribution-source"
style="white-space: nowrap;">Forward</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell timestamp-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
white-space: nowrap;"><span class="dash-separator"
style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 13px; color:
rgb(153, 153, 153);"> -<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
nowrap;">5 hours ago</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell sharebar-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;">
<table id="52779400041600-sharebar" class="share-bar-table
yesscript" style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0;
font-family: arial, sans-serif; table-layout: fixed;
display: inline-block; margin-bottom: -4px; margin-left:
8px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="share-bar-cell sharebox-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px 1px;
cursor: pointer; width: 17px; height: 16px;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px;"><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
padding-left: 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255);">Bernie Sanders and Bill Nye (the Science Guy) hosted a
conversation about the perils of<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b style="font-weight:
normal;">climate change</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Monday,
bringing their talk to Facebook Live in order to raise
consciousness about an environmental issue they fear the new
administration will<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: normal;">...</b></div>
<!--EndFragment--><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.facebook.com/senatorsanders">https://www.facebook.com/senatorsanders</a><font
color="#666666"><br>
<font color="#000000"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://forward.com/fast-forward/364256/bernie-sanders-and-science-guy-hold-climate-change-forum/">http://forward.com/fast-forward/364256/bernie-sanders-and-science-guy-hold-climate-change-forum/</a></font></font><br>
<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/climate-change-may-boost-mercury-in-ecosystems-food-chain/70000910">http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/climate-change-may-boost-mercury-in-ecosystems-food-chain/70000910</a></font><br>
<!--StartFragment-->
<div class="esc-lead-article-title-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 32px
1px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<h2 class="esc-lead-article-title" style="font-size: 16px;
line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; font-weight:
bold;"><a target="_blank" class="article
usg-AFQjCNFL0zgaEPSGXCrSLisQuEAw7jX64g
sig2-DL-HKhYkGFgjRUuGK-zbbA did--7225100328160206099"
href="http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/climate-change-may-boost-mercury-in-ecosystems-food-chain/70000910"
url="http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/climate-change-may-boost-mercury-in-ecosystems-food-chain/70000910"
id="MAA4DEgDUABgAWoCdXM" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
text-decoration: none;"><span class="titletext"
style="font-weight: bold;"><b style="font-weight: bold;">Climate
change</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>may
boost mercury in ecosystems, food chain</span></a></h2>
</div>
<div class="esc-lead-article-source-wrapper" style="margin: 2px 32px
2px 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<table class="al-attribution single-line-height" style="font-size:
11px; line-height: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; color:
rgb(153, 153, 153);" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="al-attribution-cell source-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
class="al-attribution-source" style="white-space:
nowrap;">AccuWeather.com</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell timestamp-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
display: inline-block; white-space: normal;"><span
class="dash-separator" style="font-size: 11px;
line-height: 13px; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> -<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
nowrap;">6 hours ago</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell sharebar-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
display: inline-block;">
<table id="0-sharebar" class="share-bar-table yesscript"
style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0; font-family:
arial, sans-serif; table-layout: fixed; display:
inline-block; margin-bottom: -4px; margin-left: 8px;"
cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="share-bar-cell sharebox-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px 1px;
cursor: pointer; width: 17px; height: 16px;
visibility: visible;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
padding-left: 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255);">Today,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: normal;">climate change</b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>may be causing an even
greater problem for some areas as an increase in organic matter
enters waterways.</div>
<!--EndFragment--><br>
<font color="#666666" size="-2"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.adn.com/alaska-news/environment/2017/02/27/broaching-alaska-climate-change-with-the-trump-administration-might-require-finesse/">https://www.adn.com/alaska-news/environment/2017/02/27/broaching-alaska-climate-change-with-the-trump-administration-might-require-finesse/</a></font><br>
<!--StartFragment-->
<div class="esc-lead-article-title-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 32px
1px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<h2 class="esc-lead-article-title" style="font-size: 16px;
line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><a
target="_blank" class="article
usg-AFQjCNEu4pGwa3SSthtC0lxQiBUlalBLHA
sig2--Dk5MY9cjkecQO_y-2piKQ did--4114924978717245514"
href="https://www.adn.com/alaska-news/environment/2017/02/27/broaching-alaska-climate-change-with-the-trump-administration-might-require-finesse/"
url="https://www.adn.com/alaska-news/environment/2017/02/27/broaching-alaska-climate-change-with-the-trump-administration-might-require-finesse/"
id="MAA4AEgJUABgAWoCdXN6AA" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);
text-decoration: underline;"><span class="titletext"
style="font-weight: bold;">How will Alaskans talk<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: bold;">climate change</b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>with the Trump
administration?</span></a></h2>
</div>
<div class="esc-lead-article-source-wrapper" style="margin: 2px 32px
2px 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal;
letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent:
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<table class="al-attribution single-line-height" style="font-size:
11px; line-height: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; color:
rgb(153, 153, 153);" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="al-attribution-cell source-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 0px;
white-space: nowrap;"><span class="al-attribution-source"
style="white-space: nowrap;">Alaska Dispatch News</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell timestamp-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;
white-space: nowrap;"><span class="dash-separator"
style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 13px; color:
rgb(153, 153, 153);"> -<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
class="al-attribution-timestamp" style="white-space:
nowrap;">1 hour ago</span></td>
<td class="al-attribution-cell sharebar-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding-right: 6px;">
<table id="52779396252056-sharebar" class="share-bar-table
yesscript" style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0;
font-family: arial, sans-serif; table-layout: fixed;
display: inline-block; margin-bottom: -4px; margin-left:
8px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="share-bar-cell sharebox-cell"
style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px 1px;
cursor: pointer; width: 17px; height: 16px;
visibility: visible;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
</td>
<td class="share-bar-cell" style="vertical-align:
middle; padding: 0px 1px; cursor: pointer; width:
17px; height: 16px; visibility: hidden;"><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="esc-lead-snippet-wrapper" style="line-height: 1.2em;
padding-left: 1px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 13.44px; font-style: normal;
font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2;
text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255);">How do state officials and indigenous leaders in Alaska,
where the climate is warming faster than almost any other place in
the world, pursue their work in a world where the new president
has dismissed<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
style="font-weight: normal;">climate change</b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>as a hoax and has
appointed ...</div>
<!--EndFragment--><br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.washington.edu/news/2017/02/15/the-blob-of-abnormal-conditions-boosted-western-u-s-ozone-levels/">http://www.washington.edu/news/2017/02/15/the-blob-of-abnormal-conditions-boosted-western-u-s-ozone-levels/</a></font><br>
<font size="+1"><b><a
href="http://www.washington.edu/news/2017/02/15/the-blob-of-abnormal-conditions-boosted-western-u-s-ozone-levels/">'The
blob' of abnormal conditions boosted Western U.S. ozone levels</a></b></font><br>
<blockquote> An unusually warm patch of seawater off the West Coast
in late 2014 and 2015, nicknamed "the blob," was part of an
offshore pattern that had cascading effects up and down the coast.
Its sphere of influence was centered on the marine environment but
extended to weather on land.<br>
A University of Washington Bothell study now shows that this
strong offshore pattern also influenced air quality. The climate
pattern increased ozone levels above Washington, Oregon, western
Utah and northern California, according to a study published Feb.
15 in Geophysical Research Letters, a journal of the American
Geophysical Union...<br>
"Washington and Oregon was really the bullseye for the whole
thing, because of the location of the winds," said lead author Dan
Jaffe, a professor of atmospheric sciences at the University of
Washington Bothell. "Salt Lake City and Sacramento were on the
edge of this event, but because their ozone is typically higher,
those cities felt some of the more acute effects."..<br>
The other author is Lei Zhang, a postdoctoral researcher at UW
Bothell...<br>
The study finds that terrestrial effects of the high-pressure
system that produced "the blob" — warm temperatures, low cloud
cover and calmer air — were the perfect ingredients to produce
ozone. Ozone levels in June 2015 were between 3 and 13 parts per
billion higher than average over the northwestern United States.
The pattern pushed ozone concentrations in Salt Lake City and
Sacramento above federally allowed limits....<br>
Ozone is an invisible component of smog that is a secondary
pollutant formed by a chain reaction. Cars, factories and other
sources emit pollution into the atmosphere. Solar rays then
provide the spark for chemical reactions that produce the three
linked oxygen atoms of ozone. This molecule is hazardous to human
health and is subject to federal regulations...<br>
Jaffe's research group has been measuring ozone since 2004 atop
Mount Bachelor in central Oregon to tease apart the sources of
ozone and other pollutants, such as forest fires, transport of
pollution from overseas and domestic pollution from the United
States. In June 2015, members noticed a spike in ozone above any
previous measurements...<br>
"At first we were like 'Whoa, maybe we made a mistake.' We looked
at our sensors to see if we made an error in the calibration. But
we couldn't find any mistakes," Jaffe said. "Then I looked at
other ozone data from around the Pacific Northwest, and everybody
was high that year."..<br>
Jaffe's measurements are from the University of Washington's Mount
Bachelor Observatory in central Oregon. Members of his group use
the ski hill's lifts for transportation and electrical power to
support year-round measurements at the 9,000-foot peak. Air is
pulled with vacuum pumps into a room to be sampled by a variety of
instruments in the summit's lift house.<br>
The June 2015 ozone levels at the observatory were 12 parts per
billion higher than the average of previous observations for that
time. Jaffe learned that air quality managers in Sacramento and
Salt Lake City had several times recorded eight-hour averages
above the 70 parts per billion limit set by the federal
Environmental Protection Agency...<br>
"This was a very widespread phenomenon going all the way to
California," Jaffe said. "Managers saw that air quality was
violating the air quality standards on many days, and they didn't
know why."..<br>
The new study analyzes larger-scale climate data to show that the
areas that recorded higher-than-normal ozone were the same regions
that had high temperatures, weak winds and low cloud cover...<br>
"Ultimately, it all links back to the blob, which was the most
unusual meteorological event we've had in decades," Jaffe said.
"Temperatures were high, and it was much less cloudy than normal,
both of which trigger ozone production. And because of that
high-pressure system off the coast, the winds were much lower than
normal. Winds blow pollution away, but when they don't blow, you
get stagnation and the pollution is higher."<br>
... The study was funded by the National Science Foundation and
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://climatecrocks.com/2017/02/23/ben-santer-on-seth-meyers-late-show-how-climate-deniers-lie/">https://climatecrocks.com/2017/02/23/ben-santer-on-seth-meyers-late-show-how-climate-deniers-lie/</a></font><br>
<b><a
href="https://climatecrocks.com/2017/02/23/ben-santer-on-seth-meyers-late-show-how-climate-deniers-lie/">Ben
Santer on Seth Meyer's Late Show – How Climate Deniers Lie</a></b><br>
<blockquote> The reason most people have not heard of Ben Santer is
that, while his contributions to climate science have been massive
and epic in importance, and his courage in standing up to an
almost unparalleled barrage of attacks is legendary, Ben himself
is one of the quietest, most unassuming people you will ever meet.<br>
My conversations with Ben a few months ago lead me to believe he
had decided it was time to be more public in his advocacy, and I
guess this is evidence of that....<br>
One of the burrs under Ben's saddle in the last year has been
Senator Ted Cruz's brazen and dishonest claims about climate
science, on display most prominently in a December 2015 Senate
Hearing, where a veritable clown car of climate criminals were
brought out to repeat some of the most eminently crushable
distortions. And Ben, in truest form, rather than just "arguing
from authority" as one of the world's highest experts, spent a
year going thru the various claims, and publishing a point by
point rebuttal...<br>
Now see the video that drove Senator Cruz, and Breitbart crazy –
Dr. Santer and other key scientists show precisely how this
climate denial lie was constructed.<br>
More below from Dr. Carl Mears, keeper and collector of the data
Senator Cruz claims to use.<br>
Finally, Santer finished off on Meyer's show with an inspiring
(really) observation about a grand teachable moment on climate
science.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjgIrdYHHP8">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjgIrdYHHP8</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTuHuBFTPfg">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTuHuBFTPfg</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRTovL4tIJY">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRTovL4tIJY</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bo_7q-w06B4">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bo_7q-w06B4</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7UyAOYoIifo">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7UyAOYoIifo</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ULE6v6h2Oc">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ULE6v6h2Oc</a><br>
</blockquote>
<font color="#666666" size="-1"><br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/27/us/politics/trump-budget-military.html?hp&_r=0">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/27/us/politics/trump-budget-military.html?hp&_r=0</a>
<br>
</font><font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/02/27/trump-to-direct-rollback-of-obama-era-water-rule-tuesday/">https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/02/27/trump-to-direct-rollback-of-obama-era-water-rule-tuesday/</a><br>
</font><font color="#666666" size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-methane-obama-congress-20170227-story.html">http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-methane-obama-congress-20170227-story.html</a></font>
<br>
<font size="+1"><i><font size="+1"><b><a
href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/27/us/politics/trump-budget-military.html?hp&_r=0">This
Day in Climate History February 28, 2017 (today) </a> -
from D.R. Tucker<br>
</b></font></i></font><b><br>
The New York Times reports:</b><br>
<br>
<blockquote>"President Trump put both political parties on notice
Monday that he intends to slash spending on many of the federal
government's most politically sensitive programs — relating to
education, the environment, science and poverty — to protect the
economic security of retirees and to shift billions more to the
armed forces…<br>
<br>
"The White House blueprint calls for a 24 percent cut to the
E.P.A.'s budget, according to a person who had seen the document
but was not authorized to speak on the record. That would amount
to a reduction of about $2 billion from the agency's annual budget
of about $8.1 billion, reducing its spending to levels not seen
since Ronald Reagan's presidency.<br>
<br>
"But it is far from clear whether Congress will approve such steep
cuts in popular programs.<br>
While congressional Republicans have long targeted the E.P.A.'s
regulatory authority, they are also aware that about half the
agency's annual budget is passed through to popular state-level
programs, like converting abandoned industrial sites into sports
stadiums and other public facilities, which lawmakers of both
parties are loath to cut. And most of the agency's federal office
spending goes toward funding programs that are required by
existing laws. Last year, even as congressional Republicans railed
against the Obama administration's E.P.A. regulations, they
proposed cutting only $291 million from the agency's budget.<br>
<br>
"Environmental advocates denounced the proposed cuts, saying they
would devastate environmental protection and public health
programs while doing little to increase national security."<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/27/us/politics/trump-budget-military.html?hp&_r=0">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/27/us/politics/trump-budget-military.html?hp&_r=0</a>
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
<b>The Washington Post reports:</b><br>
<br>
<blockquote>"President Trump on Tuesday will instruct the
Environmental Protection Agency and Army Corps of Engineers to
"review and reconsider" a 2015 rule known as the Waters of the
United States rule, according to a senior official, a move that
could ultimately make it easier for agricultural and development
interests to drain wetlands and small streams.<br>
<br>
"The official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because the
executive order had not yet been signed, said the directive aimed
to address the concerns of about 30 states and an array of
business interests that have criticized the previous
administration for overreaching. The final outcome of Trump's
order could have tremendous implications for the agricultural,
real estate, gravel, sand and ranching sectors, as well as a
critical habitat for aquatic species and migratory birds.<br>
<br>
"Still, it could take well over a year for the directive to be
carried out. It will likely trigger a fresh round of rulemaking,
but could also lead to extensive litigation as the agencies seek
to redefine federal restrictions on what accounts for 60 percent
of the nation's water bodies."<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/02/27/trump-to-direct-rollback-of-obama-era-water-rule-tuesday/">https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/02/27/trump-to-direct-rollback-of-obama-era-water-rule-tuesday/</a><br>
</blockquote>
<br>
<b>The Los Angeles Times editorial page observes:</b><br>
<br>
<blockquote>"The risk of climate change from global warming has long
since moved from abstract theory into reality, even if the
ostriches surrounding President Trump won't see it. Recently
appointed Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Scott
Pruitt is joined at the wallet to the industry, as a trove of
recently released emails from his work as Oklahoma attorney
general confirms, so don't expect much from him. Conservative
members of Congress also buy into the nonsense — as do Trump and
Pruitt — that human activity has little to do with rising global
temperatures, more severe weather patterns, stressed flora and
fauna and what scientists believe is a looming mass extinction
that is unfolding at a much faster pace than the five previously
identified mass extinctions in history. In terms of Earth's
evolution, that is a split second.<br>
<br>
"But, oh, the jobs! We need the jobs! And the cheap fuel! The
adage of missing the forest for the trees comes to mind. The
overwhelming consensus by scientists is that the world needs to
move away from fossil fuels and toward renewable sources such as
wind and solar. In the meantime, we need to be even more
aggressive, not less, in limiting the burning or release of
methane and other harmful emissions. <br>
<br>
"To that end, the Obama administration regulations were a step in
the right direction. Which brings Newton's Third Law of Physics
into play: For every action, there is an opposite and equal
reaction. Earlier this month, the Republican-led House of
Representatives invoked the Congressional Review Act to kill the
Obama regulations governing wells on federal land, and the bill is
now before the Senate, with a vote possible this week.<br>
<br>
"The Senate should refuse to join the House in passing this
irresponsible bill. The methane regulations, which are to be
phased in, are good, sensible policy. The federal Bureau of Land
Management estimated that between 2009 and 2015, the oil and gas
industry wasted, through emissions or flaring, 462 billion cubic
feet of methane — enough to supply natural gas for 6.2 million
households for a year — from wells in public and tribal lands. Not
only was the gas lost, the unburned methane went directly into the
atmosphere. And taxpayers missed out on $23 million a year in
royalties that would have been due had the methane been captured
and sold. <br>
<br>
"Fortunately, the EPA rules governing non-federal land wells are
less likely to be rescinded. The rules were adopted long enough
ago that they are no longer subject to the Congressional Review
Act, which means that to roll them back, the Trump administration
would have to go through a lengthy regulatory review process.
Unfortunately, those rules only cover future wells, not existing
ones. (The federal land rules cover both.) Instead of attacking
the federal land rules, Congress should extend the same
regulations to the existing wells on non-federal land. But don't
hold your breath.<br>
"The world should be weaning itself from fossil fuels as quickly
as possible. That Trump and the Republican Congress disagree is
not only disappointing, but dangerous." <br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-methane-obama-congress-20170227-story.html">http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-methane-obama-congress-20170227-story.html</a>
<br>
</blockquote>
<font size="+1"><i><br>
<br>
==============================================================<br>
S</i></font><font size="+1"><i>tay well-informed about
global warming & forward this email.</i></font>
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