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<font size="+1"><i>July 30, 2017</i></font><br>
<b><br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://time.com/4874888/climate-change-politics-history/">Climate
Change Science Politics: From Bipartisan to Divisive | Time </a><br>
</b>Over the past three decades, the scientific evidence
underpinning man-made global warming has grown, with scientists now
confirming the phenomenon with virtual certainty. But, in the same
time period, climate change has evolved from a bipartisan cause of
concern to a polarized political issue in Washington. Gradually,
over time, ideological differences and an intricate campaign to
discredit climate science led to a rift perhaps greater today than
at any time in decades...<br>
In perhaps the most famous example of a concerted effort to affect
the conversation about climate-change, in the 1990s the company
backed a massive public-relations campaign that involved supporting
groups like the Global Climate Coalition, which sowed doubt about
the science behind climate change, took out advertisements to that
end and lobbied elected officials. (Exxon has said that its actions
were meant to fund "legitimate scientific observations" in light of
"differences on policy approaches," not to deny climate change.)
Such campaigns were known about during the 1990s, with extensive
reporting about how lobbyists groups hoped to scuttle international
negotiations on climate change. The New York Times, for instance ran
a story with the headline "Industrial Group Plans To Battle Climate
Treaty" ahead of talks in Kyoto in 1998. In recent years, however,
the issue has received additional attention thanks to series of 2015
reports in the Los Angeles Times and Inside Climate News, the latter
of which was a Pulitzer Prize finalist for its reporting on the
subject...<br>
But, nonetheless, climate change remains deeply divisive. Trump
announced he will withdraw the U.S. from the Paris Agreement, and
the EPA is reportedly gearing up to hold a televised event pitting
mainstream climate scientists against climate change skeptics.And
the '80s seem still a distant memory.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://time.com/4874888/climate-change-politics-history/">http://time.com/4874888/climate-change-politics-history/</a><b><br>
<br>
<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://climatenewsnetwork.net/ocean-warmth-predicts-us-drought-and-fire-risk/">
Ocean warmth predicts US drought and fire risk</a></b><br>
7/29/2017<br>
Ocean cycles help to determine US drought and fire risk in several
western states, with global warming adding to their severity.<br>
LONDON, 29 July, 2017 – There is now a new way to forecast western
US drought and fire risk, notably in Arizona and California. It's
simple: test the temperature of the oceans.<br>
If the Atlantic is warm while the Pacific is relatively cold, then
the risk of prolonged drought and wildfire conditions in California
and on the other side of the Rockies becomes higher. It's a natural
consequence of oceanic cycles but, scientists warn, global warming
as a consequence of human action can also make such droughts more
severe.<br>
Research like this matters because it identifies yet another working
part in the global machinery of climate. Changes in ocean
temperature drive vast and long-distance atmospheric changes that
send the moisture-laden winds away from the thirsty soils.<br>
The implication is that sustained drought, followed by raging
wildfires in tinderbox forests, does not simply represent a bad run
of the climate dice. Long-term natural forces are at work. And if
climate scientists and meteorologists know in advance that drought
is more likely, they can give farmers and growers and city
authorities some useful warning.<br>
"Our results document that a combination of processes is at work.
Through an ensemble modelling approach, we were able to show that
without anthropogenic effects, the droughts in the southwestern
United States would have been less severe," said Axel Timmermann,
who directs a centre for climate physics at Pusan National
University in South Korea.<br>
And once soil moisture evaporates and ground cover becomes parched,
the risk of fire amplifies. Researchers have warned that global
warming must make fire risk ever greater, particularly in the US
southwest, even though many blazes begin to race through the dry
forests as a consequence of human action.<br>
And it now seems that the risks of such droughts can be read in
advance in the details of temperature differences in two oceans. The
models offered a forecast time of between 10 and 23 months for
wildfire, and 10 to 45 months for drought. The next step is to test
such a mechanism for forecasting fire and drought in other
vulnerable parts of the world: the Mediterranean, or Australia.<br>
"Of course, we cannot predict individual rainstorms in California
and their local impacts months or seasons ahead," said Lowell Stott
of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, and a
co-author.<br>
"But we can use our climate computer model to determine whether on
average the next year will have drier or wetter soils or more or
less wildfires. Our yearly forecasts are far better than chance." –
Climate News Network<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://climatenewsnetwork.net/ocean-warmth-predicts-us-drought-and-fire-risk/">http://climatenewsnetwork.net/ocean-warmth-predicts-us-drought-and-fire-risk/</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a
href="http://www.trutv.com/shows/adam-ruins-everything/videos/climate-change-is-already-happening-now-what.html">(Video)
Adam Ruins Everything - Climate Change is Already Happening. Now
what?</a></b><br>
The question isn't will warming happen; the question is how bad will
it be?<br>
Check Adam's Sources: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://bit.ly/1Q7MHpK">http://bit.ly/1Q7MHpK</a><br>
In Adam Ruins Everything, host Adam Conover employs a combination of
comedy, history and science to dispel widespread misconceptions
about everything we take for granted. A blend of entertainment and
enlightenment, Adam Ruins Everything is like that friend who knows a
little bit too much about everything and is going to tell you about
it... whether you like it or not. <br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.trutv.com/shows/adam-ruins-everything/videos/climate-change-is-already-happening-now-what.html">http://www.trutv.com/shows/adam-ruins-everything/videos/climate-change-is-already-happening-now-what.html</a><br>
<font size="-1" color="#666666"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AN5wNFlwiag">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AN5wNFlwiag</a><br>
<br>
</font>(<b><a
href="http://www.maximumfun.org/adam-ruins-everything/episode-17-dale-jamieson-tells-us-why-going-green-wont-stop-global-warming-and">audio)
Adam Ruins Everything Episode 17: Dale Jamieson Tells Us Why
'Going Green' Won't Stop Global Warming (And Why He Still Has
Hope for Our Planet)</a></b><br>
On the season finale of Adam Ruins Everything, Adam ruins 'going
green', the idea that individual choices such as recycling, driving
hybrid cars, or reusing plastic bags are not enough to combat
climate change. Today's podcast guest, Dale Jamieson, who appeared
on Adam Ruins Going Green, says those choices on their own will not
stop global warming and instead we need to make larger, systemic
changes and work together with other countries to curb our carbon
emissions.<br>
Dale is a Professor of Environmental Studies and Philosophy and
Chair of the Environmental Studies Department at New York
University. On the podcast, he and Adam discuss why individual
choices of going green are ineffective, the actual science of the
global temperature increases and its implications, and what the
incoming administration means for the United States' role in
fighting climate change.<br>
Adam is on Twitter @AdamConover and you can find past episodes and
bonus content from the TruTV show at AdamRuinsEverything.com.<br>
<font size="-1" color="#666666"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.maximumfun.org/adam-ruins-everything/episode-17-dale-jamieson-tells-us-why-going-green-wont-stop-global-warming-and">http://www.maximumfun.org/adam-ruins-everything/episode-17-dale-jamieson-tells-us-why-going-green-wont-stop-global-warming-and</a><br>
</font><br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.climatecentral.org/news/climate-change-toxic-algae-blooms-21651">Climate
change is wreaking havoc on our water</a></b><br>
By Andrea Thompson on Jul 28, 2017 from Climate Central<br>
For two days in early August 2014, the 400,000 residents in and
around Toledo, Ohio, were told not to drink, wash dishes with, or
bathe in the city's water supply. A noxious, pea-green algae bloom
had formed over the city's intake pipe in Lake Erie and levels of a
toxin that could cause diarrhea and vomiting had reached unsafe
levels.<br>
The bloom, like the others that form in the lake each summer, was
fed by the excessive amounts of fertilizer nutrients washed into
local waterways from surrounding farmland by spring and summer
rains. Efforts are underway around the Great Lakes - as well as
other places plagued by blooms, like the Gulf of Mexico and
Chesapeake Bay - to reduce nutrient amounts to control the blooms,
which can wreak havoc on the local ecology and economy....<br>
As warming temperatures lead to increases in precipitation, more
nitrogen, one of those nutrients feeding the blooms, will be washed
into the nation's waterways, the work, detailed in the July 28 issue
of the journal Science, finds.<br>
The biggest increases in such nitrogen loading will likely come in
the Midwest and Northeast, areas already seeing the biggest uptick
in heavy downpours...<br>
Algae blooms are vast mats of microscopic organisms that, like
plants, need sunlight, water, and nutrients to flourish. When an
overabundance of nutrients like phosphorous and nitrogen from
fertilizers are washed into lakes and coastal areas by rains, they
can cause an explosive burst that forms a bloom...<br>
The study makes it clear that local managers and policymakers will
need to rethink some of the ways they combat nutrient pollution and
society will also have to develop technological solutions to reduce
nutrient pollution, from implementing more efficient agricultural
practices to potentially recycling various forms of nitrogen in
sewage into animal feed, according to a commentary piece also
published in Science.<br>
If you want to manage nutrient loading "you need to account for the
fact that the climate is changing at the same time," Michalak said.<br>
<font size="-1" color="#666666"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.climatecentral.org/news/climate-change-toxic-algae-blooms-21651">http://www.climatecentral.org/news/climate-change-toxic-algae-blooms-21651</a></font><br>
<br>
<b><br>
</b><b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/earthmatters/2017/07/26/in-case-you-missed-it-the-tropics-are-coming-the-tropics-are-coming/">In
Case You Missed it: The Tropics Are Coming, The Tropics Are
Coming!</a></b><br>
July 26th, 2017 by Adam Voiland<br>
The concentrations of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere have
risen rapidly during the past century, mainly because of fossil fuel
burning. Some of the effects of this are pretty straightforward:
more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere means air temperatures will
rise; ice in the high latitudes will begin to melt; and sea level
will rise.<br>
<font size="-1" color="#666666"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/earthmatters/2017/07/26/in-case-you-missed-it-the-tropics-are-coming-the-tropics-are-coming/">https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/earthmatters/2017/07/26/in-case-you-missed-it-the-tropics-are-coming-the-tropics-are-coming/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a
href="https://qz.com/1034370/the-weather-in-dominica-isnt-as-it-appears-and-the-clouds-that-form-there-could-change-our-predictions-of-climate-change/">Cloud
physics could be the key to understanding climate change</a></b><br>
It's raining above Dominica, and cloud physics can't quite explain
why.<br>
Clouds are far more important to the environment than you may think.
Not only do they provide some sunburn protection for the
fair-skinned and produce rain for crops, but they also act as a
buffer for the sun's radiation and insulate the globe's heat. This
means that understanding how and why they form is essential to
predicting, modeling, and perhaps even controlling climate change.<br>
"We want to predict the future, but we are currently struggling to
predict these clouds," says Campbell Watson, an atmospheric
scientist who used to study fluffy cumulus formations above the tiny
tropical island of Dominica. Moreso than other greenery-covered
islands in this region, for six hours a day rain buckets as it from
a sputtering shower head, only broken by brief glimpses of clear
blue sky. Conditions change so quickly that even on cool, windless
mornings, it could begin pouring by afternoon tea. And no current
textbook, study, or climate model can rationalize why.<br>
<a href="https://youtu.be/MpriPhBiFe0">This time lapse </a> <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://youtu.be/MpriPhBiFe0">https://youtu.be/MpriPhBiFe0</a>
is taken from Roseau, the capital of Dominica, located on the
western side of the island. It looks toward the east, where you can
see cumulus clouds bubbling up over the windward side of the island.
The clouds disappear as quickly as they form, allowing for sunny
skies above the capital.<br>
<font size="-1" color="#666666"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://qz.com/1034370/the-weather-in-dominica-isnt-as-it-appears-and-the-clouds-that-form-there-could-change-our-predictions-of-climate-change/">https://qz.com/1034370/the-weather-in-dominica-isnt-as-it-appears-and-the-clouds-that-form-there-could-change-our-predictions-of-climate-change/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a
href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/29/world/africa/africa-climate-change-kenya-land-disputes.html">Loss
of Fertile Land Fuels 'Looming Crisis' Across Africa: </a></b>Climate
change, soil degradation and rising wealth are shrinking the amount
of usable land in Africa. But the number of people who need it is
rising fast.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/29/world/africa/africa-climate-change-kenya-land-disputes.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/29/world/africa/africa-climate-change-kenya-land-disputes.html</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/28/opinion/greenhouse-gas-emissions-trump-funding.html">Climate
Lab That Sits Empty</a></b><br>
BOULDER, Colo. - Behind a locked door on the ground floor of a new
University of Colorado science center here, a laboratory outfitted
with specially reinforced concrete floors sits dark and empty, like
a dining room set for a guest who never arrived. In this case, the
no-show is a $2 million, 12-ton machine that is vital to addressing
global warming.<br>
The machine, a high-precision accelerator mass spectrometer, uses
nuclear physics to detect the presence of a rare, heavy isotope of
carbon. It enables scientists to distinguish fossil fuel emissions
from all other sources of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere,
information crucial to monitoring and reducing those emissions....<br>
Losing that program would be catastrophic to the world’s ability to
track and address climate change. The monitoring system, called the
Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network and run by NOAA, is the most
extensive network of its kind. It also provides the scale against
which every other international institution calibrates its
greenhouse gas measurements...<br>
The greenhouse gas monitoring network costs about $7 million a year.
Defunding it would be a huge mistake. The data it generates is
helping scientists understand how our highly complex climate system
works - and how we can help stabilize it to fend off environmental
catastrophes...<br>
This is precisely the kind of basic science the federal government
needs to support. Yet President Trump’s proposed budget calls for a
cut of up to one-third in NOAA's oceanic and atmospheric research
programs, with climate science a specific target.<br>
For comparatively little money, the United States could be getting
an independent count of our fossil-fuel-related emissions. And once
the carbon 14 research was up and running, the government could
expand the program, using the air flasks from around the world to
verify other countries' claims of emissions reductions...<br>
As the United States retrenches, though, China is already heavily
investing in atmospheric monitoring, including carbon 14 research.
It's just one more example of how an Asian superpower is stepping up
to embrace the future as America chooses to render itself
irrelevant.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/28/opinion/greenhouse-gas-emissions-trump-funding.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/28/opinion/greenhouse-gas-emissions-trump-funding.html</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<font size="+1"><b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://youtu.be/sWlwmzgLzVc">This Day in Climate History
July 30, 2010</a> - from D.R. Tucker</b></font><br>
July 30, 2010: On MSNBC's "The Rachel Maddow Show," fill-in host
Chris Hayes and Mother Jones reporter Kate Sheppard discuss the coal
industry's role in killing climate-change legislation.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://youtu.be/sWlwmzgLzVc">http://youtu.be/sWlwmzgLzVc</a><br>
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