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<font size="+1"><i>November 15, 2017<br>
</i></font> <br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://cop23.unfccc.int/cop23/how-to-find-conference-documents">COP23
How to find conference documents</a></b><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://cop23.unfccc.int/cop23/how-to-find-conference-documents">https://cop23.unfccc.int/cop23/how-to-find-conference-documents</a>
<br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INH936RdzXU">(video)
Special Report: Revolt at Trump’s Pro-Coal, Pro-Nuclear &
Pro-Gas Panel Rocks U.N. Climate Summit</a><br>
</b><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://democracynow.org">https://democracynow.org</a>
- <b>Democracy Now! </b>was there when activists and Democratic
lawmakers at the U.N. climate summit in Bonn, Germany, staged a
full-fledged revolt Monday when the Trump administration made its
official debut at this year's conference with a forum pushing coal,
gas and nuclear power. The presentation was entitled "The Role of
Cleaner and More Efficient Fossil Fuels and Nuclear Power in Climate
Mitigation." The panel was the only official appearance by the U.S.
delegation during this year's U.N. climate summit. Of the four
corporate representatives pushing nuclear, gas and coal, Lenka
Kollar of NuScale Power and Amos Hochstein of Tellurian told Amy
Goodman that they disagreed with Trump’s decision to pull the U.S.
out of the climate agreement.<b><br>
</b><font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INH936RdzXU">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INH936RdzXU</a></font><b><br>
<br>
<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/13/labour-vows-to-factor-climate-change-risk-into-economic-forecasts">
Labour vows to factor climate change risk into economic
forecasts</a></b><br>
The risk posed by climate change would be factored into projections
from the government's independent economic forecaster if<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/labour"
data-link-name="auto-linked-tag" data-component="auto-linked-tag"
class="u-underline" style="background: transparent; touch-action:
manipulation; color: rgb(0, 86, 137); cursor: pointer;
text-decoration: none !important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid
rgb(220, 220, 220); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Labour</a><span> </span>took
office, the shadow chancellor will announce on Tuesday.<br
tabindex="-1">
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/john-mcdonnell"
data-link-name="auto-linked-tag" data-component="auto-linked-tag"
class="u-underline" style="background: transparent; touch-action:
manipulation; color: rgb(0, 86, 137); cursor: pointer;
text-decoration: none !important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid
rgb(220, 220, 220); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">John
McDonnell</a><span> </span>will highlight the human and economic
costs of manmade climate change, calling it the "greatest single
public challenge" and say the government should include the fiscal
risks posed by global warming in future forecasts.<br>
The landmark change would, for the first time, put climate change on
an equal footing with other complex challenges affecting the public
finances such as demography.<br>
Under a Labour government, the<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/office-for-budget-responsibility"
data-link-name="auto-linked-tag" data-component="auto-linked-tag"
class="u-underline" style="background: transparent; touch-action:
manipulation; color: rgb(0, 86, 137); cursor: pointer;
text-decoration: none !important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid
rgb(220, 220, 220); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Office
for Budget Responsibility</a><span> </span>would be given total
independence, McDonnell will announce, saying the forecaster would
report directly to parliament rather than the Treasury.<br>
"We want the public, whether businesses or voters, to be absolutely
confident that the public finances are properly scrutinised and
managed."<br>
Environmentalists welcomed the proposal though cautioned that the
effects of climate change could not all be given economic value.<br>
Greenpeace UK's chief scientist, Dr Doug Parr, said the change would
"help concentrate the minds of future governments on the urgency and
scale of the challenge" of climate change on the economy.<br>
"Major companies and financial institutions have already started
factoring in the impacts of climate change in their forecasts, so
it's right that the UK government should do the same for the public
purse," he said.<br>
"Not all environmental degradation can be translated into monetary
values, but if you just look at the billions of pounds of damage
caused by floods, you can see why the impact of climate change on
the government's balance sheets cannot be ignored."<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/13/labour-vows-to-factor-climate-change-risk-into-economic-forecasts">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/13/labour-vows-to-factor-climate-change-risk-into-economic-forecasts</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/13/from-the-everglades-to-kilimanjaro-climate-change-is-destroying-world-wonders">From
the Everglades to Kilimanjaro, climate change is destroying
world wonders</a></b><br>
A new<span> </span><a
href="http://www.worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(0, 86, 137); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">report on Monday from
the International Union for Conservation of Nature</a>(IUCN)
reveals that the number of natural world heritage sites being
damaged and at risk from global warming has almost doubled to 62 in
the past three years.<br>
Those at high risk include iconic places from the Galapagos Islands
to the central Amazon and less well known but equally vibrant and
unique sites such as the karst caves of Hungary and Slovakia and the<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/jan/29/monarch-butterfly-numbers-drop-to-lowest-level-since-records-started"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(0, 86, 137); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">monarch butterfly
reserves</a><span> </span>in Mexico.<br>
Coral reefs are particularly badly affected by rising ocean
temperatures, from the Seychelles to Belize, where the northern
hemisphere's biggest reef is situated. Global heating is also
causing mountain glaciers to rapidly shrink, from<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jan/13/will-gadd-we-were-climbing-ice-that-isnt-going-there-next-week-climate-change"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(0, 86, 137); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Kilimanjaro in<span> </span></a>Tanzania
to the Rocky Mountains in Canada and the Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch
– home to the largest Alpine glacier.<br>
Other ecosystems being damaged are wetlands, such as<a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/apr/22/florida-everglades-obama-climate-change"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(0, 86, 137); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;"><span> </span>the
Everglades</a>, where sea level is rising as the ocean warms and
salt water is intruding. In the Sundarbans mangrove forest on the
delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers on the Bay of
Bengal, two<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/cif-green/2010/mar/24/india-bangladesh-sea-levels"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(0, 86, 137); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">islands have already
been submerged</a><span> </span>and a dozen more are threatened.
Fiercer storms are also increasing the risk of devastation.<br>
Rising numbers of wildfires are<span> </span><a
href="https://www.businesslive.co.za/bd/life/2017-06-06-indigenous-fynbos-in-battle-to-survive-climate-change/"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(0, 86, 137); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">damaging the beautiful
Fynbos flowerscapes</a><span> </span>in the Cape region of South
Africa and the Monarch butterfly site in Mexico. Elsewhere, warming
is melting the permafrost in the newly declared Qinghai Hoh Xil
heritage site, which is at 4,500m altitude in the Qinghai-Tibetan
Plateau.<br>
Australia is especially exposed as it has 10 natural heritage sites
where climate change damage is rated as high or very high risk, from
its Gondwana rainforests to Shark Bay in western Australia and
islands such as Fraser and Macquarie.<br>
<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Guardian
Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: medium;
font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures;
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing:
normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;
text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style:
initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline
!important; float: none;">"If we cannot secure the highest quality
protection for the world's most precious natural areas, what will
this say about our ability to fulfil our collective commitments
towards the planet, including the Paris agreement?"</span><br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/13/from-the-everglades-to-kilimanjaro-climate-change-is-destroying-world-wonders">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/13/from-the-everglades-to-kilimanjaro-climate-change-is-destroying-world-wonders</a></font><br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/">(interactive
Map) The first global assessment of natural World Heritage</a></b><br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/">http://www.worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/</a></font><br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/more/news/number-natural-world-heritage-sites-affected-climate-change-nearly-doubles-three-years">(report)
Number of natural World Heritage sites affected by climate
change nearly doubles in three years – IUCN</a></b><br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/more/news/number-natural-world-heritage-sites-affected-climate-change-nearly-doubles-three-years">http://www.worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/more/news/number-natural-world-heritage-sites-affected-climate-change-nearly-doubles-three-years</a><br>
</font><br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jg2xI2isDy8">(video)
Professor Kevin Anderson & Dr Hugh Hunt discuss responses to
climate change at #COP23</a></b><br>
Dr Hugh Hunt is a Reader in Engineering Dynamics at the University
of Cambridge and a cofounder of the Cambridge Climate Lecture
Series. Professor Kevin Anderson is Deputy Director of the Tyndal
Centre for Climate Change and a visiting Professor at the University
of Uppsala in Sweden. Kevin is an outspoken voice on how the Paris
Agreement should be implenented to avert a climate catastrophe.<font
size="-1"><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jg2xI2isDy8">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jg2xI2isDy8</a>
27 mins.</font><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/why-it-so-hard-fix-national-flood-insurance-program">Why
Is It So Hard to Fix the National Flood Insurance Program?</a></b><br>
A tangle of politics and problems may force yet another delay in
long-sought updates to the broke, beleaguered U.S. National Flood
Insurance Program (NFIP). Congress has the unenviable task of
putting NFIP back in the black without raising rates too quickly on
folks who can't afford to leave vulnerable coastal homes. And the
weather isn't helping.<br>
The NFIP was due for reauthorization in September, after several
years of challenge in the wake of the enormously costly
Hurricane/Superstorm Sandy in 2012. Then came Hurricanes Harvey,
Irma, and Maria this year - which complicated matters further by
adding another $10-plus billion to the program's $25-billion debt.<br>
Congress passed a temporary extension of the NFIP that runs out in
early December. There's now a good chance that another extension
will be needed, perhaps into 2018. The 21st Century Flood Reform
Act, a House bill that appeared this week to be nearing a vote,
instead found itself bottled up in committee. Several other draft
bills in the House and Senate this year have failed to gain
traction.<br>
Increased development can itself boost flood risk, as rainfall flows
readily off pavement and into swollen waterways instead of being
absorbed by the landscape. Then there's the impact of intensified
heavy-rain events and rising sea levels, both of which are
research-confirmed products of a climate being warmed by
human-produced greenhouse gases. The 8 inches of Sandy-related storm
surge attributed to rising sea levels since 1900 in the New York
area may have been responsible for as much as 24% of Sandy's
property damage in New York City ($2 billion of $8 billion),
according to a study from Climate Central and the University of
North Carolina.<br>
Most of the biggest hits to NFIP have come from hurricanes and
mid-latitude winter storms. These can produce both surge-related
inundation on the coast and rainfall-related flooding well inland.
Still other events, such as the Midwest's Great Flood of 1993, have
racked up hundreds of millions in NFIP payouts many hundreds of
miles from the coast.<br>
As noted by Yale360, two-thirds of the $52 billion paid out by NFIP
from 1978 through 2016 (unadjusted for inflation) was used to
compensate victims of just six events, all in the 21st century:<br>
Hurricane Katrina, August 2005: $16.3 billion<br>
Superstorm Sandy, October 2012: $8.6 billion<br>
Hurricane Ike, September 2008: $2.7 billion<br>
"No-name" Louisiana floods, August 2016: $2.4 billion<br>
Hurricane Ivan, September 2004: $1.6 billion<br>
Hurricane Irene, August 2011: $1.3 billion<br>
<b>What are the possible fixes?</b><br>
<b>A gradual ramp-up in rates for higher-risk areas. </b>The NFIP
was last renewed through the Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform
Act of 2012, passed in late 2011 when NFIP was more than $17 billion
in debt. Crafted with bipartisan sponsorship, Biggert-Waters
mandated that NFIP's premiums should be in line with the actual risk
and potential losses at each location. As a result, many premiums
that had been held artificially low for years suddenly jumped by as
much as a factor of 10.<br>
<b>Mandatory disclosure of flood risk.</b> Amazingly, a number of
states have no requirement that a homeowner inform a potential buyer
that a home has suffered flood losses. Some states and cities do
have such requirements, including Houston, Miami-Dade County,
California, and Delaware. However, "a patchwork of inconsistent
state and local policies is insufficient," said Laura Lightbody, who
coordinates the Flood-Prepared Communities program for the Pew
Charitable Trusts. "A single, national standard requiring sellers to
disclose a property's flood history makes sense."<br>
<b>A greater role for private insurers. </b>Free-market-oriented
legislators would like to see more emphasis on the private sector in
addressing NFIP's woes. The House bill would establish a federal
clearinghouse by 2021 that would steer customers toward private
insurance options in high-risk areas. For properties where no
private coverage is available, NFIP would serve as the insurer of
last resort. One risk with such an arrangement is that it could make
it possible for private insurers to skim off the lower-risk
policies, leaving NFIP with the tab for higher-risk properties.<br>
<b>New assistance for low-income policyholders.</b> The House bill
would establish a Flood Insurance Affordability Program, allowing
and encouraging states to help residents that are in financial need
obtain NFIP insurance. It's not clear how states would pay for such
programs, though.<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://vimeo.com/242230197">(Video)
Nation's Flood Insurance Program is Broken</a></b><br>
Legislators are slated to vote on a bill to reform the National
Flood Insurance Program. Is there any hope it can survive?<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://vimeo.com/242230197">https://vimeo.com/242230197</a><br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/why-it-so-hard-fix-national-flood-insurance-program">https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/why-it-so-hard-fix-national-flood-insurance-program</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://youtu.be/Z92GTxn3Oqs">(video)
Sea Level Rise in 45 Seconds :45</a></b><br>
Stanford University senior research scientist, Katharine Mach,
discusses the rates that the world's oceans are rising and what we
can expect in the near future.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://youtu.be/Z92GTxn3Oqs">https://youtu.be/Z92GTxn3Oqs</a></font><br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/13/fossil-fuel-burning-set-to-hit-record-high-in-2017-scientists-warn">Fossil
fuel burning set to hit record high in 2017, scientists warn</a></b><br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/13/fossil-fuel-burning-set-to-hit-record-high-in-2017-scientists-warn">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/13/fossil-fuel-burning-set-to-hit-record-high-in-2017-scientists-warn</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/climate-change-blamed-arabian-seas-unexpected-hurricanes/">Climate
change blamed for Arabian Sea's unexpected hurricanes</a></b><br>
By Aylin Woodward<br>
In the last four years the Arabian Sea has experienced unprecedented
storms, and a new study reveals that climate change has made such
events more likely to strike.<br>
The Arabian Sea sits between Yemen, Oman and India. Cyclones are
rare there – yet in 2014, cyclone Nilofar caused flash-floods in
north-east Oman, killing four people. A year later, two cyclones hit
back-to-back for the first time. Chapala and Megh both made landfall
in Yemen as "extremely severe cyclonic storms" – with winds as
strong as hurricanes – killing 26 people and displacing tens of
thousands.<br>
These events puzzled Hiroyuki Murakami at Princeton University in
New Jersey. He says storms this severe typically occur in spring,
months before the monsoons. Yet the three deadly cyclones all hit in
October and November, late in the monsoon season.<br>
Wondering if climate change might be changing cyclone behavior,
Murakami and his colleagues used a sophisticated climate model to
compare conditions in 2015 to conditions in 1860, when humanity's
carbon footprint was much smaller. They found that, in 2015, 64 per
cent of the increased hurricane risk in the Arabian Sea was down to
climate change.<br>
"We're seeing that human activity affects not only climate, but
shorter events like rainfall and cyclones," says Murakami.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/climate-change-blamed-arabian-seas-unexpected-hurricanes/">https://www.newscientist.com/article/climate-change-blamed-arabian-seas-unexpected-hurricanes/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/11/171113195019.htm">Study
of impact of climate change on temperatures suggests more deaths
unless action taken</a></b><br>
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine<br>
The largest study to date of the potential temperature-related
health impacts of climate change has shown that as global
temperatures rise, the surge in death rates during hot weather
outweighs any decrease in deaths in cold weather, with many regions
facing sharp net increases in mortality rates.<br>
Published in The Lancet Planetary Health, the study compared heat-
and cold-related mortality across 451 locations around the world,
and showed that warmer regions of the planet will be particularly
affected. For instance, if no action is taken by 2090-99 a net
increase in deaths of +12.7% is projected in South-East Asia, and
mortality rates would also rise in Southern Europe (+6·4%) and South
America (+4·6%). Meanwhile, cooler regions such as Northern Europe
could experience either no change or a marginal decrease in deaths.<br>
Encouragingly, the research, led by the London School of Hygiene
& Tropical Medicine, also showed these deaths could largely be
avoided under scenarios that include mitigation strategies to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions and further warming of the planet.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/11/171113195019.htm">https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/11/171113195019.htm</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/news/new-animations/">Climate
Change Animations</a></b><br>
Climate Communication has produced ten narrated animations that
illustrate the science of climate change. A short video introducing
the animations can be viewed<span> </span><a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/climate/introduction/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin: 0px;
padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 153, 255);
text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">here</a>.<br>
The animations can be found in the tabs labeled "Our Climate is
Changing", "How it Will Affect Us", and "What We Can Do", in any
section marked with a play-button icon.<br>
The full list of animations is below:<br>
<font size="-2"><a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/climate/the-problem-1000-years-video/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 153,
255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">"1000
Years of Carbon Emissions" </a><br>
<a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/climate/the-problem-800k-years-video/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 153,
255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">"800,000
Years of CO2 Levels"</a><br>
<a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/climate/heat-trapping-gases-video/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 153,
255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">"Atmospheric
CO2 Concentrations"</a><span> </span><br>
<a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/climate/human-induced-warming-video/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 153,
255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">"Separating
Human and Natural Influences on Climate"</a><br>
<a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/climate/human-influences-video/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 153,
255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">"Key
Warming and Cooling Influences"</a><br>
<a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/climate/natural-factors-video/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 138,
229); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">"Surface
Temperature and Sun's Energy"</a><br>
<a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/climate/future-climate-change-video/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 153,
255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">"A
Range of Possible Futures"</a><br>
<a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/affects/sea-level-rise-video/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 153,
255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">"Sea
Level Rise"</a><br>
<a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/change/how-much-effect-of-delay-video/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 153,
255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">"Effect
of Delay" </a><br>
<a
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/change/how-much-stabilizing-video/"
target="_blank" style="background: none; border: 0px; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 153,
255); text-decoration: none; font-size: 12px; display: inline;">"Stabilizing
Climate Affordably"</a></font><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.climatecommunication.org/news/new-animations/">https://www.climatecommunication.org/news/new-animations/</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=80&v=Jn9mYhFwTqw">(video)
Climate change warning from scientists</a><br>
</b>CBC News Nov 13, 2017<b><br>
</b><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://youtu.be/Jn9mYhFwTqw">https://youtu.be/Jn9mYhFwTqw</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<font size="+1"><b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.resilience.org/stories/2004-06-08/full-text-dick-cheneys-speech-institute-petroleum-autumn-lunch-1999">This
Day in Climate History November 15, 1999</a> - from D.R.
Tucker</b></font><br>
November 15, 1999: Speaking at the London Institute of Petroleum,
former Defense Secretary Dick Cheney declares:<br>
"From the standpoint of the oil industry obviously and I'll talk a
little later on about gas, but obviously for over a hundred years we
as an industry have had to deal with the pesky problem that once you
find oil and pump it out of the ground you've got to turn around and
find more or go out of business. Producing oil is obviously a
self-depleting activity. Every year you’ve got to find and develop
reserves equal to your output just to stand still, just to stay
even. This is true for companies as well in the broader economic
sense as it is for the world. A new merged company like Exxon-Mobil
will have to secure over a billion and a half barrels of new oil
equivalent reserves every year just to replace existing production.
It's like making one hundred per cent interest discovery in another
major field of some five hundred million barrels equivalent every
four months or finding two Hibernias a year.<br>
"For the world as a whole, oil companies are expected to keep
finding and developing enough oil to offset our seventy one million
plus barrel a day of oil depletion, but also to meet new demand. By
some estimates there will be an average of two per cent annual
growth in global oil demand over the years ahead along with
conservatively a three per cent natural decline in production from
existing reserves. That means by 2010 we will need on the order of
an additional fifty million barrels a day. So where is the oil going
to come from?<br>
"Governments and the national oil companies are obviously
controlling about ninety per cent of the assets. Oil remains
fundamentally a government business. While many regions of the world
offer great oil opportunities, the Middle East with two thirds of
the world's oil and the lowest cost, is still where the prize
ultimately lies, even though companies are anxious for greater
access there, progress continues to be slow."<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.resilience.org/stories/2004-06-08/full-text-dick-cheneys-speech-institute-petroleum-autumn-lunch-1999">http://www.resilience.org/stories/2004-06-08/full-text-dick-cheneys-speech-institute-petroleum-autumn-lunch-1999</a></font><br>
<font size="+1"><i><br>
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