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<font size="+1"><i>April 4, 2018</i></font><br>
<br>
[slip sliding away]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-43627673">Antarctica
'gives ground to the ocean'</a></b><br>
By Jonathan Amos - BBC Science Correspondent - 3 April 2018<br>
Scientists now have their best view yet of where Antarctica is
giving up ground to the ocean as some of its biggest glaciers are
eaten away from below by warm water.<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/304/cpsprodpb/7E47/production/_100672323_rutford_glacier2.jpg">A
photo of the surface expression of the grounding line on
Antarctica's Rutford ice stream. The position is not always so
obvious</a><br>
Researchers using Europe's Cryosat radar spacecraft have traced the
movement of grounding lines around the continent.<br>
These are the places where the fronts of glaciers that flow from the
land into the ocean start to lift and float.<br>
The new study reveals an area of seafloor the size of Greater London
that was previously in contact with ice is now free of it...<br>
Elsewhere on the continent, 10% of marine-terminating glaciers
around the Antarctic Peninsula are above the 25m/yr threshold;
whereas in East Antarctic, only 3% are.<br>
The significant stand-out in the East is Totten Glacier, whose
grounding line is retreating at a rate of 154m/yr.<br>
Overall, for the entire continent, 10.7% of the grounding line
retreated faster than 25m/yr, while 1.9% advanced faster than the
threshold.<br>
One fascinating number to come out of the study is that grounding
lines in general are seen to retreat 110m for every metre of
thinning on the fastest flowing glaciers. This relationship will
constrain computer models that try to simulate future change on the
continent.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-43627673">http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-43627673</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[restrictive supply-side (RSS) climate policies]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2018/4/3/17187606/fossil-fuel-supply">It's
time to think seriously about cutting off the supply of fossil
fuels</a></b><br>
A new paper makes the case for supply-side climate policy.<br>
By David Roberts - @drvox - <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:david@vox.com">david@vox.com</a> - Apr 3, 2018<br>
There is a bias in climate policy shared by analysts, politicians,
and pundits across the political spectrum so common it is rarely
remarked upon. To put it bluntly: Nobody, at least nobody in power,
wants to restrict the supply of fossil fuels.<br>
<br>
Policies that choke off fossil fuels at their origin - shutting down
mines and wells; banning new ones; opting against new pipelines,
refineries, and export terminals - have been <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.commondreams.org/views/2018/01/25/fossil-free-fast-climate-resistance-game-plan-2018">embraced
by climate activists</a>, picking up steam with the <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.vox.com/2015/11/8/9690654/keystone-climate-activism">Keystone
pipeline protests</a> and the recent <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/13/magazine/afraid-climate-change-prison-valve-turners-global-warming.html">direct
action of the Valve Turners</a>.<br>
<br>
But they are looked upon with some disdain by the climate
intelligentsia, who are united in their belief that such strategies
are economically suboptimal and politically counterproductive.<br>
<br>
Now a pair of economists has offered a <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://go.redirectingat.com/?id=66960X1516588&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2Fs10584-018-2162-x">cogent
argument</a> that the activists are onto something - that
restrictive supply-side (RSS) climate policies have unique economic
and political benefits and deserve a place alongside carbon prices
and renewable energy supports in the climate policy toolkit.<br>
- - - - - - -<br>
<blockquote><b>The four quadrants of climate policy</b><br>
Climate policies can apply to the supply side (production of
fossil fuels) or the demand side (consumption of FF), and they can
be restrictive or supportive. That creates a grid with four
quadrants:<br>
<br>
1. Restrictive supply side: policies that cut off FF supply,
including declining quotas, supply taxes, and subsidy reductions<br>
2. Restrictive demand side: policies that restrict demand for FF,
including carbon prices and declining emission caps<br>
3. Supportive supply side: policies that support the supply of FF
alternatives, like renewable energy subsidies and mandates<br>
4. Supportive demand side: policies that support demand for FF
alternatives, like subsidies for purchase of energy-efficiency
appliances or favorable government procurement policies<br>
</blockquote>
- - - - - - <br>
It's time to apologize to activists and make fossil fuel supply
restrictions part of the climate policy toolkit<br>
- - - - - - <br>
Yes, at this point, everyone gets it: An economy-wide, steadily
rising, fuel- and technology-agnostic price on carbon is the optimal
policy. But we don't live in an optimal world, so yacking on about
it isn't much help. We live in this world, where a variety of
political constraints means that no such policy has passed or seems
likely to pass anytime soon. In this world, limited (thus
suboptimal) demand-side policies need supplementing.<br>
<br>
In this world, it makes sense to draw on all four quadrants - to use
the portfolio approach taken for granted in so many other areas of
policy. Climate change is a big problem. We can't afford to leave
any tools in the toolbox.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2018/4/3/17187606/fossil-fuel-supply">https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2018/4/3/17187606/fossil-fuel-supply</a><br>
</font>- - - - - - - <br>
[Academic source study]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-018-2162-x">Cutting
with both arms of the scissors: the economic and political case
for restrictive supply-side climate policies</a></b><br>
Authors Fergus Green, Richard Denniss<br>
<blockquote><font size="-1">We might as reasonably dispute whether
it is the upper or the under blade of a pair of scissors that
cuts a piece of paper, as whether value is governed by utility
[demand] or cost of production [supply]. </font><font
size="-1">Alfred Marshall, Principles of Economics (1890, bk.
III, 28)</font><br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote><b>Abstract</b><br>
Proponents of climate change mitigation face difficult choices
about which types of policy instrument(s) to pursue. The
literature on the comparative evaluation of climate policy
instruments has focused overwhelmingly on economic analyses of
instruments aimed at restricting demand for greenhouse gas
emissions (especially carbon taxes and cap-and-trade schemes) and,
to some extent, on instruments that support the supply of or
demand for substitutes for emissions-intensive goods, such as
renewable energy. Evaluation of instruments aimed at restricting
the upstream supply of commodities or products whose downstream
consumption causes greenhouse gas emissions-such as fossil
fuels-has largely been neglected in this literature. Moreover,
analyses that compare policy instruments using both economic and
political (e.g. political "feasibility" and "feedback") criteria
are rare. This article aims to help bridge both of these gaps.
Specifically, the article demonstrates that restrictive
supply-side policy instruments (targeting fossil fuels) have
numerous characteristic economic and political advantages over
otherwise similar restrictive demand-side instruments (targeting
greenhouse gases). Economic advantages include low administrative
and transaction costs, higher abatement certainty (due to the
relative ease of monitoring, reporting and verification),
comprehensive within-sector coverage, some advantageous
price/efficiency effects, the mitigation of infrastructure
"lock-in" risks, and mitigation of the "green paradox". Political
advantages include the superior potential to mobilise public
support for supply-side policies, the conduciveness of supply-side
policies to international policy cooperation, and the potential to
bring different segments of the fossil fuel industry into a
coalition supportive of such policies. In light of these
attributes, restrictive supply-side policies squarely belong in
the climate policy "toolkit".<br>
</blockquote>
This article is part of a Special Issue on 'Fossil Fuel Supply and
Climate Policy' edited by Harro van Asselt and Michael Lazarus.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-018-2162-x">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-018-2162-x</a></font><br>
- - - - -<br>
[Opinion 30 second video]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAyAIM688os">Fossil Fuels
Need to Stay in the Ground</a></b><br>
Climate One - Published on Apr 3, 2018<br>
Executive Director and Air Pollution Control Officer of the
Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District, Alberto
Ayala talks about the need to ban combustion engines everywhere. <br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAyAIM688os">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAyAIM688os</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[CBC News]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/thenational/the-national-today-newsletter-climate-change-homicide-rate-syria-rebels-1.4592951">Paris
goal too little to avoid worst effects of climate change,
scientists say</a></b><br>
Jonathon Gatehouse · CBC News · Posted: Apr 02, 2018 2:09 PM ET |
Last Updated: 10 hours ago<br>
<span>There is<span> </span></span><strong style="font-weight: 700;">no
escape</strong><span> </span>from<span> </span><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">global warming</strong>.<br>
<span>That's the conclusion of a series of<span> </span></span><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">pessimistic new studies</strong><span> </span>released
Monday in the journal<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119"
style="transition: background-color 0.25s linear; color: rgb(5,
80, 200); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(216, 216, 216);
text-decoration: none;">Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
Society A</a>, where the world's top scientists determined that
the<strong style="font-weight: 700;"><span> </span>threshold for
catastrophic climate change</strong><span> </span>is much<span> </span><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">lower<span> </span></strong>than
previously believed.<br>
<span>The<span> </span></span><strong style="font-weight: 700;">Paris
Agreement</strong><span> </span>plan to limit the global
temperature rise to 2 C -<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theweathernetwork.com/news/articles/new-auditors-general-report-says-canada-is-currently-way-off-track-to-meeting-paris-agreement-climate-action-goals/98307"
style="transition: background-color 0.25s linear; color: rgb(5,
80, 200); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(216, 216, 216);
text-decoration: none;">a modest goal that is still well out of
reach</a><span> </span>- <strong style="font-weight: 700;">will
not be enough</strong><span> </span>to help the planet avoid the
worst ravages of rising oceans and changing weather, the scientists
concluded, provoking food shortages and mass migrations.<br>
<span>While a </span><strong style="font-weight: 700;">two-degree</strong><span> </span>limit
would be better than Earth's current trajectory - at least a 3 C
rise - the<span> </span><strong style="font-weight: 700;">negative
effects </strong><a
href="https://www.afp.com/en/news/23/two-degrees-no-longer-seen-global-warming-guardrail-studies-doc-13k38n2"
style="transition: background-color 0.25s linear; color: rgb(5,
80, 200); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(216, 216, 216);
text-decoration: none;">would still be devastating</a>, with a
marked increase in<span> </span><strong style="font-weight: 700;">destructive
storms, extreme heat waves</strong><span> </span>and<span> </span><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">long-term droughts</strong>.<br>
<span>Among the<span> </span></span><strong style="font-weight:
700;">new predictions<span> </span></strong>for the 2 C scenario:
<ul style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "Open
Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;
font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align:
start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space:
normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:
0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style:
initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">
<li><span>A<span> </span></span><strong style="font-weight: 700;">half-metre
rise in oceans</strong><span> </span>by 2100 and at least an<span> </span><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">additional half-metre</strong><span> </span>by
2300, leading to<span> </span><strong style="font-weight: 700;">widespread
flooding</strong><span> </span>in the "highly vulnerable"
low-lying deltas and cities, where close to<span> </span><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">one billion people</strong> live.</li>
<li><span><a
href="https://phys.org/news/2018-04-climate-food-insecurity.html"
style="transition: background-color 0.25s linear; color:
rgb(5, 80, 200); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(216, 216,
216); text-decoration: none; font-weight: 700;">Increased
food insecurity</a></span><span> </span>because of<span> </span><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">"significant changes" </strong><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">in regional temperatures </strong>and
water cycles, with<span> </span><strong style="font-weight:
700;">India, Bangladesh, Brazil, Oman</strong><span> </span>and<span> </span><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">Saudi Arabia</strong><span> </span>at
the greatest risk.</li>
<li><span>A</span><strong style="font-weight: 700;">13 per cent
drop in GDP per person</strong>, on average, by 2100, as the
world is forced to reckon with the spiralling costs of climate
change.</li>
<li><strong style="font-weight: 700;"><span>Pernicious droughts</span></strong>,
especially in southern Africa and South America, where the water
flow in the Amazon could decrease 25 per cent.</li>
<li><strong style="font-weight: 700;"><span>Heightened losses</span></strong><span> </span>of
plant and animal<span> </span><strong style="font-weight: 700;">biodiversity<span> </span></strong>and<span> </span><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">shrinking supplies</strong><span> </span>of<span> </span><strong
style="font-weight: 700;">fresh water</strong>.</li>
</ul>
<span>As a result, the<span> </span></span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20180066"
style="transition: background-color 0.25s linear; color: rgb(5,
80, 200); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(216, 216, 216);
text-decoration: none;">journal is calling for a downward revision</a><span> </span>of
Paris target to a<span> </span><strong style="font-weight: 700;">1.5
C global rise</strong><span> </span>- an increase that will still
result in devastation, but just not as much.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/thenational/the-national-today-newsletter-climate-change-homicide-rate-syria-rebels-1.4592951">http://www.cbc.ca/news/thenational/the-national-today-newsletter-climate-change-homicide-rate-syria-rebels-1.4592951</a></font><br>
- - - - - - <br>
[Source: Royal Society Publishing]<br>
<b>Theme issue 'The Paris Agreement: understanding the physical and
social challenges for a warming world of 1.5 degrees C above
pre-industrial levels' </b>compiled and edited by Dann Mitchell,
Myles R Allen, Jim W Hall, Benito Mueller, Lavanya Rajamani and
Corinne Le Quéré<br>
13 May 2018; volume 376, issue 2119<br>
Abstract<br>
<blockquote>The much awaited and intensely negotiated Paris
Agreement was adopted on 12 December 2015 by the Parties to the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The
agreement set out a more ambitious long-term temperature goal than
many had anticipated, implying more stringent emissions reductions
that have been under-explored by the research community. By its
very nature a multidisciplinary challenge, filling the knowledge
gap requires not only climate scientists, but the whole Earth
system science community, as well as economists, engineers,
lawyers, philosophers, politicians, emergency planners and others
to step up. To kick start cross-disciplinary discussions, the
University of Oxford's Environmental Change Institute focused its
25th anniversary conference upon meeting the challenges of the
Paris Agreement for science and society. This theme issue consists
of review papers, opinion pieces and original research from some
of the presentations within that meeting, covering a wide range of
issues underpinning the Paris Agreement.<br>
</blockquote>
This article is part of the theme issue 'The Paris Agreement:
understanding the physical and social challenges for a warming world
of 1.5 degrees C above pre-industrial levels'.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119">http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119</a></font><br>
- - - - - <br>
[Table of contents]<br>
<b>Theme issue contents</b><br>
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rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">The
legal character and operational
relevance of the Paris Agreement's
temperature goal</h4>
</a></div>
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sans-serif !important;"><span
class="highwire-citation-authors"
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font-family: inherit;"><span
class="highwire-citation-author first"
data-delta="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Lavanya Rajamani</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="1"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Jacob Werksman</span></span></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160458;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0458.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
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<div class="highwire-article-citation
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tooltip-enable" data-node-nid="43940"
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!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Opinion
piece:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20170105"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
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<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Mitigation
gambles: uncertainty, urgency and the
last gamble possible</h4>
</a></div>
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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data-delta="0"
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
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<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
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0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20170105;<span> </span></span><span
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2017.0105.<span> </span></span><span
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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
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tooltip-enable hasTooltip" data-node-nid="43996"
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!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160445"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
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<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Implications
of possible interpretations of
'greenhouse gas balance' in the Paris
Agreement</h4>
</a></div>
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">E. Kriegler</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="8"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">D. Shindell</span></span></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160445;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0445.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
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<div class="highwire-article-citation
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tooltip-enable hasTooltip" data-node-nid="43931"
id="node43931"
data-pisa="roypta;376/2119/20160444"
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Access</span></span></div>
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<div class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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!important; border: 0px; outline: 0px;
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bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px
!important; line-height: 1.22em;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Review
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160444"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
inherit; line-height: inherit;
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none; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">
<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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padding: 0px !important; border: 0px;
outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: normal; font-variant:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 15px !important; line-height:
1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Climate
and development: enhancing impact
through stronger linkages in the
implementation of the Paris Agreement
and the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs)</h4>
</a></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important;"><span
class="highwire-citation-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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inherit; line-height: inherit;
font-family: inherit;"><span
class="highwire-citation-author first"
data-delta="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Luis Gomez-Echeverri</span></span></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160444;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0444.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
</div>
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<div class="toc-citation"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px;
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<div class="highwire-article-citation
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tooltip-enable" data-node-nid="43930"
id="node43930"
data-pisa="roypta;376/2119/20160457"
data-pisa-master="roypta;rsta.2016.0457"
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data-hw-abstract-tooltip-instance="highwire_abstract_tooltip"
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data-url="/highwire/article_citation_preview/43930"
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have access</span></span></div>
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bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px
!important; line-height: 1.22em;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160457"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
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inherit; line-height: inherit;
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none; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">
<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
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outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
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font-size: 15px !important; line-height:
1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Pathways
limiting warming to 1.5 degrees C: a
tale of turning around in no time?</h4>
</a></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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class="highwire-citation-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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data-delta="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Elmar Kriegler</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="1"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="2"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
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class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="3"
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data-delta="4"
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
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data-delta="5"
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
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data-delta="8"
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160457;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0457.<span> </span></span><span
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
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<div class="highwire-cite-title"
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!important; line-height: 1.22em;
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!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160449"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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none; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">
<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">The
utility of the historical record for
assessing the transient climate response
to cumulative emissions</h4>
</a></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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class="highwire-citation-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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class="highwire-citation-author first"
data-delta="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Richard J. Millar</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="1"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
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<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160449;<span> </span></span><span
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highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0449.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
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!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
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bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Building
equity in: strategies for integrating
equity into modelling for a 1.5 degrees
C world</h4>
</a></div>
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<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
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1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
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highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160461;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0461.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
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have access</span></span></div>
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<div class="highwire-cite-title"
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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20170263"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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baseline; font-style: inherit;
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none; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">
<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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padding: 0px !important; border: 0px;
outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
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inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">The
impact of Earth system feedbacks on
carbon budgets and climate response</h4>
</a></div>
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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class="highwire-citation-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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class="highwire-citation-author first"
data-delta="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Jason A. Lowe</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="1"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
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<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20170263;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2017.0263.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="toc-citation"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; margin:
0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px;
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<div class="highwire-article-citation
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tooltip-enable" data-node-nid="43934"
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data-pisa="roypta;376/2119/20160460"
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data-hw-abstract-tooltip-instance="highwire_abstract_tooltip"
title="Uncertain impacts on economic growth when
stabilizing global temperatures at 1.5°C or 2°C
warming"
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overflow: hidden; height: 1px; position:
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Access</span></span></div>
</div>
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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<div class="highwire-cite-title"
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!important; line-height: 1.22em;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160460"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: normal; font-variant:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 15px !important; line-height:
1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Uncertain
impacts on economic growth when
stabilizing global temperatures at 1.5
degrees C or 2 degrees C warming</h4>
</a></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
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class="highwire-citation-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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class="highwire-citation-author first"
data-delta="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Felix Pretis</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="1"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Moritz Schwarz</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="2"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Kevin Tang</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="3"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Karsten Haustein</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="4"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160460;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0460.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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none;">
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<div class="highwire-article-citation
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tooltip-enable hasTooltip" data-node-nid="43937"
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!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160448"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
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font-style: normal; font-variant:
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Stabilization
of global temperature at 1.5 degrees C
and 2.0 degrees C: implications for
coastal areas</h4>
</a></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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inherit;">Robert J. Nicholls</span>,<span> </span><span
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data-delta="1"
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data-delta="2"
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data-delta="3"
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data-delta="4"
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data-delta="5"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
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data-delta="6"
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data-delta="8"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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data-delta="9"
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data-delta="10"
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<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
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class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160448;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0448.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
</div>
</div>
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!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160452"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
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<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Changes
in climate extremes, fresh water
availability and vulnerability to food
insecurity projected at 1.5 degrees C
and 2 degrees C global warming with a
higher-resolution global climate model</h4>
</a></div>
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160452;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
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inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0452.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
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tooltip-enable hasTooltip" data-node-nid="43932"
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Access</span></span></div>
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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<div class="highwire-cite-title"
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!important; border: 0px; outline: 0px;
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bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px
!important; line-height: 1.22em;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160456"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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none; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">
<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: normal; font-variant:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 15px !important; line-height:
1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Impacts
on terrestrial biodiversity of moving
from a 2 degrees C to a 1.5 degrees C
target</h4>
</a></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important;"><span
class="highwire-citation-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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class="highwire-citation-author first"
data-delta="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Pete Smith</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="1"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Jeff Price</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="2"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Amy Molotoks</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="3"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
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data-delta="4"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
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highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160456;<span> </span></span><span
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highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0456.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="highwire-article-citation
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tooltip-enable" data-node-nid="43938"
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data-pisa="roypta;376/2119/20160450"
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data-hw-abstract-tooltip-instance="highwire_abstract_tooltip"
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Access</span></span></div>
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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<div class="highwire-cite-title"
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!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160450"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
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<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
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outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: normal; font-variant:
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Climate
extremes, land–climate feedbacks and
land-use forcing at 1.5 degrees C</h4>
</a></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
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data-delta="3"
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data-delta="4"
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data-delta="5"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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data-delta="6"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
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data-delta="7"
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data-delta="20"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160450;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0450.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
</div>
</div>
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Access</span></span></div>
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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<div class="highwire-cite-title"
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!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160455"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
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<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Coordinating
AgMIP data and models across global and
regional scales for 1.5 degrees C and
2.0 degrees C assessments</h4>
</a></div>
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inherit;">Keith Wiebe</span></span></div>
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
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202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160455;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0455.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
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!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160462"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
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none; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">
<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Reaching
a 1.5 degrees C target: socio-technical
challenges for a rapid transition to
low-carbon electricity systems</h4>
</a></div>
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inherit;">Nick Eyre</span>,<span> </span><span
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inherit;">Sarah J. Darby</span>,<span> </span><span
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data-delta="2"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
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highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
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highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160462;<span> </span></span><span
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highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
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!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Review
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Negative
emissions technologies and carbon
capture and storage to achieve the Paris
Agreement commitments</h4>
</a></div>
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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160447;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0447.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
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<div class="highwire-article-citation
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tooltip-enable hasTooltip" data-node-nid="43944"
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Access</span></span></div>
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<div class="highwire-cite-title"
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!important; border: 0px; outline: 0px;
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bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px
!important; line-height: 1.22em;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Opinion
piece:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160459"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
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baseline; font-style: inherit;
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
inherit; line-height: inherit;
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none; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">
<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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padding: 0px !important; border: 0px;
outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: normal; font-variant:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 15px !important; line-height:
1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Towards
legitimacy of the solar geoengineering
research enterprise</h4>
</a></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important;"><span
class="highwire-citation-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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inherit; line-height: inherit;
font-family: inherit;"><span
class="highwire-citation-author first"
data-delta="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Peter C. Frumhoff</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="1"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Jennie C. Stephens</span></span></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160459;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
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14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0459.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
</div>
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<div class="highwire-article-citation
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tooltip-enable hasTooltip" data-node-nid="43935"
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!important; line-height: 1.22em;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20160454"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
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none; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">
<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Solar
geoengineering as part of an overall
strategy for meeting the 1.5 degrees C
Paris target</h4>
</a></div>
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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data-delta="0"
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vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Douglas G. MacMartin</span>,<span> </span><span
class="highwire-citation-author"
data-delta="1"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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line-height: inherit; font-family:
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data-delta="2"
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<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
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font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20160454;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2016.0454.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="highwire-article-citation
highwire-citation-type-highwire-article
tooltip-enable hasTooltip" data-node-nid="43936"
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class="highwire-citation-access
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data-pisa-id="roypta;rsta.2017.0070"
data-atom-uri="/roypta/376/2119/20170070.atom"
data-request-view="full"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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class="element-invisible
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style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);
overflow: hidden; height: 1px; position:
absolute !important; width: 1px;">You
have access</span></span></div>
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<div class="rs-article-right"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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<div class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
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bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 15px
!important; line-height: 1.22em;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(51, 49, 50);">Research
article:<span> </span><a
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119/20170070"
class="highwire-cite-linked-title"
data-icon-position=""
data-hide-link-title="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
inherit; line-height: inherit;
font-family: inherit; text-decoration:
none; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">
<h4 class="highwire-cite-title"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px !important;
padding: 0px !important; border: 0px;
outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: normal; font-variant:
inherit; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 15px !important; line-height:
1.22em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; font-weight:
bold; letter-spacing: 0px; color:
rgb(51, 49, 50); display: inline;">Can
'loss and damage' carry the load?</h4>
</a></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
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font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important;"><span
class="highwire-citation-authors"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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baseline; font-style: inherit;
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inherit; line-height: inherit;
font-family: inherit;"><span
class="highwire-citation-author first"
data-delta="0"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
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border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: inherit; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">Robert R. M. Verchick</span></span></div>
<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border:
0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;
font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch: inherit;
font-size: 14px !important; line-height:
1.25; font-family: Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif !important; color: rgb(0, 133,
202);"><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. A<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-print-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">2018<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">376
20170070;<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);"><span
class="label"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; font-style:
inherit; font-variant: inherit;
font-weight: normal; font-stretch:
inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-family:
inherit;">DOI:</span><span> </span>10.1098/rsta.2017.0070.<span> </span></span><span
class="highwire-cite-metadata-date
highwire-cite-metadata"
style="-webkit-font-smoothing:
antialiased; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;
border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align:
baseline; font-style: inherit;
font-variant: inherit; font-weight:
normal; font-stretch: inherit; font-size:
14px !important; line-height: inherit;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
!important; color: rgb(0, 133, 202);">Published
2 April 2018</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119">http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2119</a><br>
<br>
<br>
[Scientific American]<br>
<b><a
href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bats-are-migrating-earlier-and-it-could-wreak-havoc-on-farming/">Bats
Are Migrating Earlier, and It Could Wreak Havoc on Farming</a></b><br>
Climate change may be partially to blame for the creatures' shifting
schedules<br>
By Inga Vesper on April 2, 2018<br>
This trend creates a risky situation in which bats may not find
enough food for themselves and their young, as the insects they prey
on may not yet have arrived or hatched. If bat colonies shrink as a
result of this schedule snafu, their pest control effect could fall
out of sync with crop-growing seasons-potentially causing hefty
losses, scientists say.<br>
"If the whole system becomes unreliable, then it will be a big, big
problem for agriculture," says Jennifer Krauel, a bat biologist at
the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, who was not involved in the
new research. "I don't think the bats will go away entirely, but
even a reduced colony size will have an effect."...<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bats-are-migrating-earlier-and-it-could-wreak-havoc-on-farming/">https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bats-are-migrating-earlier-and-it-could-wreak-havoc-on-farming/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[video Satire ]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3uTpkZ5H8Qg">Why Trump's
EPA Eliminated Obama-Era Fuel Efficiency Rules</a></b><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://headsofstate.tv">http://headsofstate.tv</a><br>
President Donald Trump explains why his Environmental Protection
Agency rolled back Barack Obama's fuel efficiency standards.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3uTpkZ5H8Qg">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3uTpkZ5H8Qg</a></font><br>
<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2016/04/05/get-facts-how-climate-change-can-affect-your-health"><br>
</a><font size="+1"><b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2016/04/05/get-facts-how-climate-change-can-affect-your-health">This
Day in Climate History - April 4, 2016 </a> - from D.R.
Tucker</b></font><br>
The Washington Post reports:<br>
<blockquote>"More deaths from extreme heat. Longer allergy seasons.
Increasingly polluted air and water. Diseases transmitted by
mosquitoes and ticks spreading farther and faster. Those are among
the health risks that could be exacerbated by global warming
coming decades, the Obama administration warned in a new report
Monday."<br>
</blockquote>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/04/04/as-the-climate-changes-risks-to-human-health-will-accelerate-obama-administration-says/">https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/04/04/as-the-climate-changes-risks-to-human-health-will-accelerate-obama-administration-says/</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2016/04/05/get-facts-how-climate-change-can-affect-your-health">https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2016/04/05/get-facts-how-climate-change-can-affect-your-health</a>
</font><br>
<br>
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