<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
</head>
<body link="#0B6CDA" vlink="#551A8B" text="#000000" bgcolor="#ffffff"
alink="#EE0000">
<font size="+1"><i>June 17, 2018</i></font><br>
<br>
[video CBS ]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3d_uiQbaoYQ">Crews
fighting Colorado wildfires battle gusty winds, dry conditions</a></b><br>
CBS Evening News<br>
Published on Jun 14, 2018<br>
Since June 1, firefighters have been battling wildfires in Colorado,
where nearly 32,000 acres have burned. So far, the 416 Fire is only
15 percent contained. CBS News correspondent Omar Villafranca
reports from Durango<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3d_uiQbaoYQ">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3d_uiQbaoYQ</a></font><br>
- - - - -<br>
[Urban wildfire]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://wildfiretoday.com/2018/06/16/wildfire-threatens-urban-area-in-sweden/">Wildfire
threatens urban area in Sweden</a></b><br>
A wildfire in the Nacka area of Stockholm, Sweden burned close to an
urban area on Friday. In addition to firefighters on the ground,
scooping air tankers from Italy were seen working the fire.<br>
Local authorities said Saturday morning that the fire's spread had
been stopped:<br>
We are in place and work with the remaining fires. It no longer
burns up in trees or bushes, but down in the vegetation, moss roots
and the like. We have the fire surrounded and it is controlled, but
there is a lot to do in the area, "says operative manager Per
Tillander, at Sodertorn's Fire Defense Association...<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://wildfiretoday.com/2018/06/16/wildfire-threatens-urban-area-in-sweden/">http://wildfiretoday.com/2018/06/16/wildfire-threatens-urban-area-in-sweden/</a></font><br>
- - - - - -<br>
[dry plus heat]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/wildfire-durangos-416-fire-reminds-us-theres-no-escape-from-climate-change">The
416 Fire reminds us there's no escape from climate change</a></b><br>
Rumors that a popular tourist train sparked the fire have forced a
reckoning.<br>
Jonathan Thompson PERSPECTIVE June 15, 2018<br>
Flash forward to June 2018. Much like the Missionary Ridge Fire, the
416 Fire has been ripping through forests north of Durango since
June 1, sending up roiling clouds of smoke and diminishing the air
quality for miles around. The current fire was sparked almost
exactly 16 years after the former in similar vegetation. This time,
though, the flames were no surprise. We knew that the dry winter of
2018 would usher in an explosive fire season, which is not to say
that the region took enough precautions...<br>
- - - - - <br>
Thirty years ago, coal trains could run without consequence through
the "asbestos forest" of the San Juan Mountain high country. The
drought of 2002, however, woke up the railroad's owners to a
changing world, one in which the ravages of climate change can - and
will - affect even a quaint little tourist train and the quaint
little town that relies on it. The railroad adjusted accordingly,
having a firefighting team follow behind each train to extinguish
blazes in their infancy. The 416 Fire - particularly if it is found
to have been started by the train - will prove an even more brutal
moment of reckoning, a grim reminder that yet more adaptation is
needed.<br>
I had my own moment of reckoning following that unusually toasty day
back in 2002 when Silverton's economy went up in smoke for the
remainder of that summer. I realized then that Silverton will never
become the sanctuary from global warming that I dreamed it would.
This year the point is being driven home. There is no sanctuary, not
really. In one way or another, the climate catastrophe that we have
wrought reaches into every corner of our planet and our lives - even
at 9,318 feet...<br>
<font size="-1"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/wildfire-durangos-416-fire-reminds-us-theres-no-escape-from-climate-change">https://www.hcn.org/articles/wildfire-durangos-416-fire-reminds-us-theres-no-escape-from-climate-change</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[Melancholia]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://qz.com/1306707/uncovering-the-mental-health-crisis-of-climate-change/">Climate
change is creating a new kind of grief, and we're completely
unprepared for it</a></b><br>
The sign on Schapira's booth read: CLIMATE ANXIETY COUNSELING 5
cents THE DOCTOR IS IN. Time to earn her pennies.<br>
On that muggy June day, she had set up shop in Kennedy Plaza in
downtown Providence, Rhode Island. Schapira is not a trained
therapist-a fact she makes clear to visitors-but she is happy to
chat with anyone suffering from anxiety about climate change. "A lot
of what I do is listen and ask questions," she said.<br>
Over the coming decades, rising temperatures will fuel natural
disasters that are more deadly than any seen in human history,
destabilizing nations and sending millions to their death. Experts
say that we need to prepare for a hotter, less hospitable world by
building sea walls, erecting desalination plants and engineering
crops that can withstand punishing heat and drought, but few have
considered the defenses we need to erect in our minds. Some, like
Shapira, have called for more talking, more counseling to process
our grief. But will that be enough? Climate change will do untold
violence to life on this planet, and we have remarkably few tools to
deal with its emotional cost.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://qz.com/1306707/uncovering-the-mental-health-crisis-of-climate-change/">https://qz.com/1306707/uncovering-the-mental-health-crisis-of-climate-change/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[Aviation in the future]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/jun/16/caroline-lucas-on-heathrow-and-climate-change-the-apocalypse-is-happening">Caroline
Lucas on Heathrow and climate change: 'The apocalypse is
happening'</a></b><br>
The Brighton MP may be stepping down as co-leader of the Green
party, but she is doing so to step up her fight against a third
runway and to secure a 'people's vote' on the EU<br>
by Decca Aitkenhead. <br>
"If you measured impact on climate change by each individual action
then you'd never be able to talk about the cumulative impact of a
set of actions on the climate. We know aviation is one of the
fastest growing sources of emissions; we know emissions at altitude
are a lot more damaging to the climate than they are at ground
level; we know that if Heathrow expands then it's almost like an
arms race between the different airports across Europe, because
they're all in a fight for passengers."<br>
- - - - -<br>
But we keep being told we must not concede a competitive advantage
to rival European airports. She counters wearily: "If you were
talking to campaigners in Charles de Gaulle [airport in Paris],
they'd tell you they're told exactly the same thing: don't concede
defeat to London! We're all being pitted against one another in this
incredibly dangerous race to the bottom. If we were to follow the
logic of those people who think every time we build a runway our
economy miraculously benefits, then why would you not just cover the
whole country in concrete? That's the logic of that argument. The
bottom lines is that aviation is a very good example of why you
can't say: 'We'll have a demand-led approach' - because the demand
will go on. I think there needs to be a mature conversation about
limits to growth. I think we need to ask: growth for what?"<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/jun/16/caroline-lucas-on-heathrow-and-climate-change-the-apocalypse-is-happening">https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/jun/16/caroline-lucas-on-heathrow-and-climate-change-the-apocalypse-is-happening</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[linear increase, will be exponential]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13062018/antarctica-ice-loss-accelerating-tripled-sea-level-rise-climate-change-nature-study">Antarctica
Ice Loss Tripled in 5 Years, and That's Raising Sea Level Risks</a></b><br>
The accelerating ice loss adds half a foot to the sea level rise
already expected this century, increasing the flooding risks for
coastal communities.<br>
BY BOB BERWYN, INSIDECLIMATE NEWS - JUN 15, 2018<br>
The most complete assessment to date of Antarctica's ice sheets
confirms that the meltdown accelerated sharply in the past five
years, and there is no sign of a slowdown.<br>
That means <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://insideclimatenews.org/topic/sea-level-rise">sea level</a>
is expected to rise at a rate that will catch some coastal
communities unprepared despite persistent warnings, according to the
international team of scientists publishing a series of related
studies this week in the journal Nature.<br>
The scientists found that the rate of ice loss over the past five
years had <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/ramp-up-in-antarctic-ice-loss-speeds-sea-level-rise">tripled</a>
compared to the previous two decades, suggesting an additional 6
inches of sea level rise from Antarctica alone by 2100, on top of
the<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/faq-5-1.html">
2 feet already projected</a> from all sources, including
Greenland.<br>
- - - -<br>
Warm water intrusions are melting the ice from below so much that
the ice in those channels is cracking. That allows surface meltwater
to flow into the fractures, which can destabilize the ice shelf and
increase the chances that big chunks will break off, Greenbaum said.<br>
"These things are conspiring to increase loss of ice," Greenbaum
said. "It's all a positive feedback system, with the ice getting
thinner, more strained, and more susceptible to all these
processes."<br>
"In a warming climate, we expect to see more and more melting rivers
of surface meltwater, and if they interact with these fractures, you
could see more rapid melting," he said. "It could mean we are
underestimating the magnitude and the speed of the meltdown."<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13062018/antarctica-ice-loss-accelerating-tripled-sea-level-rise-climate-change-nature-study">https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13062018/antarctica-ice-loss-accelerating-tripled-sea-level-rise-climate-change-nature-study</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[Beaches closed]<br>
<font size="+1"><b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.hakaimagazine.com/news/the-eastern-caribbean-is-swamped-by-a-surge-of-seaweed/https://www.hakaimagazine.com/news/the-eastern-caribbean-is-swamped-by-a-surge-of-seaweed/">The
Eastern Caribbean Is Swamped by a Surge of Seaweed</a></b><br>
Massive rafts of floating sargassum are killing wildlife and
preventing fishers from launching their boats.<br>
Authored by by Ryan Schuessler <br>
June 11th, 2018 <br>
Barbados's Long Beach, typically a picturesque vision of white
sand and blue water, is buried beneath a vast expanse of thick,
rotting seaweed. It's a stinking nuisance that has turned deadly.<br>
"We have found three dolphins dead," says Carla Daniel, the
director of public awareness and education with the Barbados Sea
Turtle Project. Daniel and her colleagues believe the dolphins got
caught on June 4 in sargassum seaweed that has been washing up on
Barbados and across the eastern Caribbean in mounds up to two
meters thick. A necropsy of one dolphin revealed it died of
stress.<br>
Seven endangered green sea turtles have also died so far. "For the
majority of animals, the sargassum can be a problem because it
traps them," Daniel says.<br>
Under normal conditions, floating sargassum is a thriving
ecosystem. It provides a vital habitat and food source in the open
ocean for fish, turtles, and crustaceans. There are even a handful
of species found only in floating sargassum mats, including the
aptly-named sargassum fish. But when it grows too thick, the
seaweed clumps in dense, tangled mats so expansive and
impenetrable that sea turtles and other surface-breathing animals
can't break through.</font><br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.hakaimagazine.com/news/the-eastern-caribbean-is-swamped-by-a-surge-of-seaweed">https://www.hakaimagazine.com/news/the-eastern-caribbean-is-swamped-by-a-surge-of-seaweed</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[First video of two on Marine geoengineering]<br>
<b><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-iu7po7N6c">A technofix
for the climate? Marine geoengineering</a></b><br>
Heinrich-Boll-Stiftung<br>
Published on Jun 8, 2018<br>
Large-scale technological interventions to "fix" the climate crisis
are moving up on the political agenda. Some climate scientists are
now proposing geoengineering interventions in the oceans to halt
global warming, such as fertilizing the oceans to draw down CO2 or
to cover up large oceanic areas with synthetic materials to make
their surfaces more reflective letting them absorb less sunlight and
therefore less heat. But these schemes to manipulate our ecosystems
and global natural processes come with great risks and
uncertainties, as well as with foreseeable adverse impacts on marine
ecosystems and human communities.<br>
Part I of "A technofix for the climate?" (<a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list</a>...)
presents some of the marine geoengineering approaches with a focus
on their risks, negative impacts and potential side-effects, as well
as on the question of governance of these technologies. ]<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-iu7po7N6c">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-iu7po7N6c</a></font><br>
[2nd video on GeoEngineering]<br>
<b><a
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLsH84dlV1Y&feature=youtu.be">A
technofix for the climate? Land-based geoengineering (BECCS)</a></b><br>
Heinrich-Boll-Stiftung<br>
Published on Jun 15, 2018<br>
Part II of "A technofix for the climate?" (<a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLQoUnPhwq7cz0jZPMean1lzUwbI3gw_En">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLQoUnPhwq7cz0jZPMean1lzUwbI3gw_En</a>)
presents BECCS as the posterchild of Carbon Dioxide Removal
technologies on land. We focus on the risks, negative impacts and
potential side-effects of BECCS, and address some of the real
solutions the land sector offers for tackling climate change. <br>
For more background information and analysis on geoengineering, and
to get involved, please visit <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/">http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/</a>,
a civil society information hub on geoengineering, run by ETC Group
(<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.etcgroup.org/">http://www.etcgroup.org/</a>),
Biofuelwatch (<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.biofuelwatch.org.uk/">http://www.biofuelwatch.org.uk/</a>)
and Heinrich Boll Foundation, and our website: <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.boell.de/en/geoengineering">https://www.boell.de/en/geoengineering</a>.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLsH84dlV1Y&feature=youtu.be">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLsH84dlV1Y&feature=youtu.be</a></font><br>
<font size="+1">[Other source materials GeoEngineering]</font><br>
<div><span lang="EN-CA"><font size="3" face="Calibri"><font
face="Calibri"><font size="3"><font size="+1"><span
lang="EN-CA">To help navigate fact and fiction on
geoengineering, <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="www.geoengineeringmonitor.org">Geoengineering
Monitor</a>, a civil society information hub run by
ETC Group, Heinrich B</span>o</font><span lang="EN-CA"><font
size="+1">ll Foundation and Biofuelwatch, has released
fourteen fact sheets that give up-to-date information
on the status, key players, and potential impacts of
some of most prominent geoengineering technologies: </font><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></font></font></font></span></div>
<div><span lang="EN-CA"><font size="+1"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/06/stratospheric_aerosol_injection/"><font
color="#0563c1">Stratospheric Aerosol Injection</font></a></font>
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span></span><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/05/carbon_capture_storage/"><font
color="#0563c1">Carbon Capture and Storage</font></a><span
style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/05/carbon-capture-use-and-storage/"><font
color="#0563c1">Carbon Capture, Use and Storage</font></a></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/05/bio-energy-with-carbon-capture-and-storage-beccs/"><font
color="#0563c1">Bioenergy w/ Carbon Capture & Storage</font></a></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/05/direct-air-capture/"><font
color="#0563c1">Direct Air Capture</font></a><span
style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/05/surface-albedo-modification-technology-factsheet/"><font
color="#0563c1">Surface Albedo Modification</font></a> <span
style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/05/ocean-fertilization/"><font
color="#0563c1">Ocean Fertilization</font></a><span
style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/05/marine_cloud_brightening/"><font
color="#0563c1">Marine Cloud Brightening</font></a></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/05/enhanced-weathering-factsheet/"><font
color="#0563c1">Enhanced Weathering</font></a> <span
style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/05/enhanced-photosynthesis/"><font
color="#0563c1">Photosynthesis Enhancement</font></a><span
style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/06/artificial-upwelling/"><font
color="#0563c1">Artificial Upwelling</font></a> </span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/06/cirrus-cloud-thinning/"><font
color="#0563c1">Cirrus Cloud Thinning</font></a> <span
style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/06/microbubbles-sea-foam/"><font
color="#0563c1">Microbubbles</font></a> <span
style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></font><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA"><a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/05/biochar-technology-factsheet/"><font
color="#0563c1">Biochar</font></a></span></font><br>
<font size="+1">The carefully-researched fact sheets reveal:<br>
<b>- All geoengineering technologies are hypothetical - none are
ready to deploy and there is uncertainty about whether they
would work</b>.<br>
To work, each geoengineering technology would need to be
deployed at a massive scale, with extremely significant
environmental, economic and social impacts.<br>
<b>- Each geoengineering technology carries significant negative
environmental and social impacts.</b><br>
- As the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change gears up to
release its Special Report on 1.5C global warming later this
year and North American geoengineers start to make moves to test
their technologies in real-world experiments these fact sheets
serve as up-to-date information and critical analysis of
geoengineering technologies to navigating the hype. </font> <span
lang="EN-CA"><font face="Calibri"><font size="3"><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></font></font></span><br>
<font size="+1"><span lang="EN-CA">The fact sheets can be found
here <a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/cat/briefings-and-factsheets/"><font
color="#0563c1">http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/cat/briefings-and-factsheets/</font></a>
. </span><br>
<span lang="EN-CA"><span lang="EN-CA">The Geoengineering Monitor
Team has also released three briefings about the proposed
geoengineering experiments in <a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2017/11/scopex/"><font
color="#0563c1">Tucson, Arizona</font></a>; <a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/04/marine-cloud-brightening-project-geoengineering-experiment-briefing/"><font
color="#0563c1">Moss Landing, California</font></a>; and
in <a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/2018/04/ice-911-geoengineering-experiment-briefing/"><font
color="#0563c1">the Arctic</font></a>.</span></span><br>
<span lang="EN-CA">Geoengineering Monitor is a civil society led
critical resource on geoengineering. Visit <a
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/">www.geoengineeringmonitor.org</a>
for more resources.</span></font></div>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org">http://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org</a><br>
<br>
<br>
[The Economist $ May]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2018/05/24/markets-may-be-underpricing-climate-related-risk">Markets
may be underpricing climate-related risk</a></b><br>
Shareholders reckon that their companies will not suffer-or that
they will be able to get out in time<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2018/05/24/markets-may-be-underpricing-climate-related-risk">https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2018/05/24/markets-may-be-underpricing-climate-related-risk</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[A solution is before your eyes right now]<br>
<b><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2018/jun/12/how-can-climate-policy-stay-on-top-of-a-growing-mountain-of-data">How
can climate policy stay on top of a growing mountain of data?</a></b><br>
Tracking all the relevant publications on climate change has become
impossible. Climate science and policy need a new approach for an
age of big literature<br>
When the lines between scientific facts, legitimate disagreements
and uncertainties about climate change are being deliberately
blurred - not least by world leaders like<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2018/feb/01/its-not-okay-how-clueless-donald-trump-is-about-climate-change"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Donald Trump</a><span> </span>and<span> </span><a
href="https://www.ft.com/content/bbef9a42-64c0-11e7-8526-7b38dcaef614"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Recep Tayyip Erdogan</a><span>
</span>- the work of the<span> </span><a
href="http://www.climatechange2013.org/images/report/WG1AR5_ALL_FINAL.pdf"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change</a><span> </span>(IPCC) has never been more
important. It is the IPCC's task to make sense of the landscape of
scientific findings, where they agree, and why they may differ. The
authors of the<span> </span><a
href="https://www.ipcc.ch/news_and_events/PR17-IPCC46_Press.shtml"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">IPCC's sixth assessment
report</a><span> </span>- hundreds of scientists across many
disciplines - have a massive task on their hands, ahead of its
publication in 2021.<br>
When the volume of scientific information continues to grow
exponentially, so does the difficulty of maintaining a clear
overview. Tracking and reading all of the relevant publications on
climate change has become impossible, as more emerge in a single
year than was previously the case over an entire, or multiple,
assessment periods. Even if there was no further growth over the
next three years, the relevant literature to be reviewed for the
IPCC's sixth assessment will be somewhere between 270,000 and
330,000 publications. This is larger than the entire climate change
literature before 2014. So conducting a scientific assessment is
increasingly a "<a
href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1462901117305464"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">big literature"
challenge</a>.<br>
Managing the literature is vital if we are to ensure the credibility
of the IPCC in future. We need to let computers help us to read and
digest information we can no longer comprehend on our own.<br>
The IPCC needs to lead the way towards a new era of
computer-assisted assessments. Machine learning and natural language
processing must be used to understand and synthesise a huge volume
of relevant material. New categories of experts - from<span> </span><a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientometrics"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">scientometrics</a>,<span> </span><a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_linguistics"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">computational
linguistics</a><span> </span>and data analytics - will need to be
involved.<br>
Decision-makers also want knowledge from the research community that
can contribute to meaningful solutions. But systematic progress in
learning about climate solutions has been limited within the IPCC to
date. The quest to understand what policies work well - and under
what conditions - remains in its infancy.<br>
<a
href="https://www.nature.com/news/climate-change-embed-the-social-sciences-in-climate-policy-1.17206"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color:
rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">This problem is
particularly acute in the social sciences.</a><span> </span>Some
argue that social science evidence doesn't lend itself to
generalization. But a bigger challenge is the lack of appreciation
for research synthesis as a scientific endeavor in its own right.
The dearth of synthetic evidence in policy and social science
literatures makes it impossible for the IPCC to aggregate the
knowledge that is diffused across thousands of individual studies.
<aside class="element element-rich-link element-rich-link--tag
element--thumbnail element-rich-link--upgraded"
data-component="rich-link-tag" data-link-name="rich-link-tag"
style="display: block; float: left; margin: 0.3125rem 1.25rem
0.75rem -10rem; clear: both; width: 8.75rem; color: rgb(18, 18,
18); font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures:
common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400;
letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;
text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(254, 249,
245); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color:
initial;">
<div class="rich-link tone-news--item rich-link--pillar-news"
style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px;
position: relative; overflow: hidden;">
<div class="rich-link__container" style="position: relative;">
<div class="rich-link__image-container u-responsive-ratio"
style="width: 140px; padding-bottom: 84px; position:
relative; overflow: hidden; transition: background-color
0.25s ease; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);"><img
src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d119e44ed2dbecf09605c9ab2c4d1bf13a64ca50/128_0_3840_2304/master/3840.jpg?w=460&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=8efbd46578f456cf1fc0143eff6e6316"
itemprop="contentURL" style="border: 0px; width: 140px;
height: 84px; position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px;"></div>
<div class="rich-link__header" style="font-size: 0.875rem;
line-height: 1.125rem; font-weight: 400; padding: 0.125rem
0.3125rem 0.5em; box-sizing: border-box; min-height:
2.25rem;">
<h1 class="rich-link__title" style="margin: 0px; font-style:
inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit; font-size-adjust: inherit;
font-stretch: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit;
font-language-override: inherit; font-kerning: inherit;
font-synthesis: inherit; font-variant: inherit; padding:
0px;"><a class="rich-link__link" style="background:
transparent; touch-action: manipulation; color: inherit;
cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;">Sign up for Lab
Notes - the Guardian's weekly science update</a></h1>
</div>
<div class="rich-link__read-more" style="padding-left:
0.3125rem;">
<div class="rich-link__arrow" style="display: inline-block;"><span
class="inline-arrow-in-circle inline-icon " style="fill:
rgb(255, 255, 255);"><svg width="24" height="24"
viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="inline-arrow-in-circle__svg
inline-icon__svg"><path class="rich-link__arrow-icon"
d="M12 0C5.373 0 0 5.373 0 12s5.373 12 12 12
12-5.373 12-12S18.627 0 12 0m.21 19l-.637-.668
4.888-6.326H4.996v-1.01h11.465l-4.888-6.333.637-.668L19
11.153v.685l-6.79 7.157" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></div>
<span> </span>
<div class="rich-link__read-more-text" style="font-size:
0.875rem; display: inline-block; height: 1.875rem;
line-height: 1.625rem; padding-left: 0.125rem;
vertical-align: top; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(199, 0,
0);">Read more</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</aside>
Changing the culture of the social sciences to better support
scientific assessment and accumulated learning about climate change
solutions won't be easy. While the IPCC can act as a catalyst, any
shift will also require more capacity in synthesis methods, and
support for collaborative networks. Research funders and governments
also need to direct more funding towards research synthesis.<br>
The good news is that there are models for such a transformation.
Researchers in medicine, education and psychology have been forced
to grapple with similar challenges over recent decades -and
systematic research synthesis is now well established within these
fields as a basis for policy advice.<br>
The misleading impression that any single scientific study has the
same standing as all others is toxic for a culture of
evidence-informed policymaking. By elevating research synthesis to
the gold standard of scientific policy advice - and using big data
and machine learning techniques to deliver it - we can strengthen
the IPCC and provide a stronger response to the Trumps and Erdogans
of this world, who want to cherry-pick evidence to suit their own
agendas.<br>
<em><a href="https://www.mcc-berlin.net/en/about/team/minx-jan.html"
data-link-name="in body link" class="u-underline"
style="background: transparent; touch-action: manipulation;
color: rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none
!important; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220);
transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Jan Minx</a><span> </span>is
head of the working group on applied sustainability science at the<span> </span><a
href="https://www.mcc-berlin.net/" data-link-name="in body link"
class="u-underline" style="background: transparent;
touch-action: manipulation; color: rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor:
pointer; text-decoration: none !important; border-bottom:
0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); transition: border-color
0.15s ease-out;">Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons
and Climate Change (MCC)<span> </span></a>in Berlin, and
professor of climate change and public policy at the<span> </span><a
href="http://climate.leeds.ac.uk/" data-link-name="in body link"
class="u-underline" style="background: transparent;
touch-action: manipulation; color: rgb(224, 94, 0); cursor:
pointer; text-decoration: none !important; border-bottom:
0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); transition: border-color
0.15s ease-out;">Priestley International Centre for Climate</a><span> </span>at
the University of Leeds.</em><br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2018/jun/12/how-can-climate-policy-stay-on-top-of-a-growing-mountain-of-data">https://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2018/jun/12/how-can-climate-policy-stay-on-top-of-a-growing-mountain-of-data</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<font size="+1"><b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://youtu.be/Gv0siXm2cpc">This Day in Climate History
- June 17, 2010</a>, <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/latest-columns/20110617-steve-chapman-republicans-must-return-to-pro-environmental-roots-.ece">2011</a>,
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.politico.com/story/2014/06/2014-elections-koch-brothers-super-pac-107926.html#ixzz34tEWZRGh">2014</a>
- from D.R. Tucker</b></font><br>
June 17, 2010: Rep. Joe Barton (R-TX) apologizes to BP.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://youtu.be/Gv0siXm2cpc">http://youtu.be/Gv0siXm2cpc</a>
<br>
- - - -<br>
June 17, 2011: Syndicated columnist Steve Chapman notes that at some
point, Republicans will have to knock it off with climate-change
denial and propose solutions to the problem:<br>
<blockquote>"Conservatives fear liberals will use climate change to
justify heavy-handed intrusive regulation and wasteful subsidies,
and they are right to worry. But that’s no excuse for pretending
global warming is a myth or refusing to do anything about it. It’s
an argument for devising cost-effective, market-based remedies
that minimize bureaucratic control.<br>
"If today’s Republican attitude had prevailed four decades ago,
Americans would not have such vital measures as the Clean Air Act
and the Clean Water Act. Then, many people worried that
environmentalism would strangle economic growth and personal
freedom. But both have survived and even flourished.<br>
"Conservatives once understood that corporations are not entitled
to foul the environment, any more than individuals have the right
to dump garbage in the street. Barry Goldwater, the 1964 GOP
presidential nominee, wrote, 'When pollution is found, it should
be halted at the source, even if this requires stringent
government action.'" <br>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/latest-columns/20110617-steve-chapman-republicans-must-return-to-pro-environmental-roots-.ece">http://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/latest-columns/20110617-steve-chapman-republicans-must-return-to-pro-environmental-roots-.ece</a>
<br>
- - - -<br>
June 17, 2014:<br>
Politico.com reports: <br>
<blockquote>"During a closed-door gathering of major donors in
Southern California on Monday, the political operation spearheaded
by the Koch brothers unveiled a significant new weapon in its
rapidly expanding arsenal — a super PAC called Freedom Partners
Action Fund.<br>
"The new group aims to spend more than $15 million in the 2014
midterm campaigns — part of a much larger spending effort expected
to total $290 million, sources told POLITICO."<br>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.politico.com/story/2014/06/2014-elections-koch-brothers-super-pac-107926.html#ixzz34tEWZRGh">http://www.politico.com/story/2014/06/2014-elections-koch-brothers-super-pac-107926.html#ixzz34tEWZRGh</a>
<br>
<br>
<font size="+1"><i>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
</i></font><font size="+1"><i><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/2017-October/date.html">Archive
of Daily Global Warming News</a> </i></font><i><br>
</i><span class="moz-txt-link-freetext"><a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote</a></span><font
size="+1"><i><font size="+1"><i><br>
</i></font></i></font><font size="+1"><i> <br>
</i></font><font size="+1"><i><font size="+1"><i>To receive daily
mailings - <a
href="mailto:subscribe@theClimate.Vote?subject=Click%20SEND%20to%20process%20your%20request">click
to Subscribe</a> </i></font>to news digest. </i></font>
<blockquote>
<blockquote><small> </small><small><b>** Privacy and Security: </b>
This is a text-only mailing that carries no images which may
originate from remote servers. </small><small> Text-only
messages provide greater privacy to the receiver and sender.
</small><small> </small><br>
<small> By regulation, the .VOTE top-level domain must be used
for democratic and election purposes and cannot be used for
commercial purposes. </small><br>
<small>To subscribe, email: <a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:contact@theclimate.vote">contact@theclimate.vote</a>
with subject: subscribe, To Unsubscribe, subject:
unsubscribe</small><br>
<small> Also you</small><font size="-1"> may
subscribe/unsubscribe at <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote</a></font><small>
</small><br>
<small> </small><small>Links and headlines assembled and
curated by Richard Pauli</small><small> for <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://TheClimate.Vote">http://TheClimate.Vote</a>
delivering succinct information for citizens and responsible
governments of all levels.</small><small> L</small><small>ist
membership is confidential and records are scrupulously
restricted to this mailing list. <br>
</small></blockquote>
</blockquote>
</body>
</html>