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<font size="+1"><i>June 24, 2018</i></font><br>
<br>
[Wall Street Journal]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/natural-gas-boom-driving-methane-leaks-study-finds-1529605477">Natural-Gas
Boom Driving Methane Leaks, Study Finds</a></b><br>
Higher levels of the potent greenhouse gas could pose challenge to
efforts to slow global warming<br>
The country's natural-gas boom is putting much higher rates of the
potent greenhouse gas methane into the atmosphere than government
estimates suggest, a challenge for efforts to slow global warming,
according to new research analysis published Thursday in the journal
Science.<br>
Methane leaks are a crucial element of the country's gas boom
because raw emissions can cancel out gains made by lowering carbon
emissions created by burning other fuels. The new report suggests
using more gas does have major benefits at limiting climate change
over 100 years, but may not help in the short term.<br>
That is because leaks and unplanned plumes vented from storage tanks
and processing plants are likely larger than previously realized.
They appear big enough to make a shift from coal to gas effectively
meaningless over a 20-year time span, according to the assessment
from about two dozen scientists working with the Environmental
Defense Fund, a nonprofit environmental group.<br>
The assessment estimates the U.S. energy industry is leaking about
2.3% of all the gas it produces directly into the atmosphere,
meaning that enough greenhouse gasses are coming from the gas
industry to equal roughly the 20-year climate impact from all the
coal-fired power plants running nationwide in 2015...<br>
- - <br>
Just last month Exxon Mobil Corp. , the country's largest gas
producer, announced plans to reduce methane emissions 15% by 2020.
It was the latest in a series of pledges by major oil companies to
voluntarily curtail emissions. That includes an initiative from the
American Petroleum Institute, the industry's lobbying powerhouse in
Washington, D.C., that brought 39 producers together in a pledge to
step up leak monitoring and install new equipment to limit leaks.<br>
In a statement Thursday, the organization noted methane emissions
are still down over the last few decades. "The natural gas and oil
industry is committed to continuous improvement in operations,
including safety, public health and reducing emissions from
exploration and production sites," Erik Milito, the group's director
of upstream and industry operations, said in the statement.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/natural-gas-boom-driving-methane-leaks-study-finds-1529605477">https://www.wsj.com/articles/natural-gas-boom-driving-methane-leaks-study-finds-1529605477</a></font><br>
- - - -<br>
[Study from the journal Science]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2018/06/20/science.aar7204">Assessment
of methane emissions from the U.S. oil and gas supply chain</a></b><br>
Science 21 Jun 2018:<br>
Abstract<br>
<blockquote>Methane emissions from the U.S. oil and natural gas
supply chain were estimated using ground-based, facility-scale
measurements and validated with aircraft observations in areas
accounting for ~30% of U.S. gas production. When scaled up
nationally, our facility-based estimate of 2015 supply chain
emissions is 13 ± 2 Tg/y, equivalent to 2.3% of gross U.S. gas
production. This value is ~60% higher than the U.S. EPA inventory
estimate, likely because existing inventory methods miss emissions
released during abnormal operating conditions. Methane emissions
of this magnitude, per unit of natural gas consumed, produce
radiative forcing over a 20-year time horizon comparable to the
CO2 from natural gas combustion. Significant emission reductions
are feasible through rapid detection of the root causes of high
emissions and deployment of less failure-prone systems.<br>
</blockquote>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2018/06/20/science.aar7204">http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2018/06/20/science.aar7204</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[We know why]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a21754673/its-getting-harder-for-government-scientists-to-talk-to-the-press/">It's
Getting Harder for Government Scientists to Talk to the Press</a></b><br>
Scientists at the United States Geological Survey (USGS) must now
get approval first through their parent office<br>
If they want to talk to reporters, scientists at the United States
Geological Survey (USGS) must now get approval first through their
parent office, the Department of Interior (DOI). That's what
anonymous USGS employees have told the Los Angeles Times.<br>
The new policy allows for the DOI communications office to reject
interview requests on scientific matters. The anonymous employees
say that the new policies present "a dramatic change" in the
office's media practices and will interfere with scientists' ability
to quickly respond to reporters' questions.<br>
The USGS is DOI's only scientific office. Created by an act of
Congress in 1879, it's aim is understanding "changes to the natural
world combined with growing human demands [that] put our health and
safety, national security, and economy at risk."...<br>
- - - - -<br>
Vander Voot said that DOI had simply asked the USGS press office to
comply with media guidelines established by the Obama Administration
in 2010. Page 6 of these guidelines states that "all DOI news
releases that involve significant policy announcements or that may
generate significant news coverage, public interest or inquiry must
be cleared by" the office of communications. The policy does not
qualify what is and is not "significant."<br>
The policy also claims to "supports a culture of openness with the
news media and the public that values the free exchange of ideas,
data and information."<br>
"This policy, if it's in fact being implemented as such, has a lot
of concerning implications. It essentially gives political
appointees veto power over science, scientists and information that
the American people should have access to," says Kate Kelly, a
former DOI director of communications, to the Times.<br>
Perhaps the biggest flashpoint between scientists and the higher ups
at DOI would stem from the Administration's view of global warming.<br>
<font size="+2"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px;
font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal;
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing:
0.32px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform:
none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color:
initial; display: inline ! important; float: none;">Both
Secretary Zinke and President Trump have repeatedly<span> </span></span><a
class="body-link"
href="http://time.com/5187877/donald-trump-wind-power-ryan-zinke-birds-global-warming/"
target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color:
rgb(255, 255, 255); transition: color 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;
color: rgb(33, 131, 111); text-decoration: underline; font-size:
16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal;
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing:
0.32px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform:
none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">given incorrect information</a><span
style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;
font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.32px; text-align: start;
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style:
initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !
important; float: none;"> regarding wind energy's effects on
global warming, and President Trump has<span> </span></span><a
class="body-link"
href="http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/03/hillary-clinton/yes-donald-trump-did-call-climate-change-chinese-h/"
target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color:
rgb(255, 255, 255); transition: color 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;
color: rgb(33, 131, 111); text-decoration: underline; font-size:
16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal;
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing:
0.32px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform:
none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">falsely stated</a><span
style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;
font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.32px; text-align: start;
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style:
initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !
important; float: none;"> that global warming "was created by
and for the Chinese." The DOI has<span> </span></span><a
class="body-link"
href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/interior-department-agency-removes-climate-change-language-from-news-release/2017/05/22/774c122a-3f23-11e7-adba-394ee67a7582_story.html?utm_term=.3a56ab2dbd65"
target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color:
rgb(255, 255, 255); transition: color 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;
color: rgb(33, 131, 111); text-decoration: underline; font-size:
16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal;
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing:
0.32px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform:
none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">removed factually true
information</a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size:
16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal;
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing:
0.32px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform:
none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color:
initial; display: inline ! important; float: none;"><span> </span>about
climate change from press releases and the agency has also
curtailed the number of scientists on staff<span> </span></span><a
class="body-link"
href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2018/06/14/scientists-at-usgs-face-new-scrutiny-on-research-presentations/?utm_term=.badf9f42e4fb"
target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color:
rgb(255, 255, 255); transition: color 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;
color: rgb(33, 131, 111); text-decoration: underline; font-size:
16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal;
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing:
0.32px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform:
none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">who can attend</a><span
style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;
font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;
font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.32px; text-align: start;
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style:
initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !
important; float: none;"><span> </span>scientific conferences.</span></font><br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a21754673/its-getting-harder-for-government-scientists-to-talk-to-the-press/">https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a21754673/its-getting-harder-for-government-scientists-to-talk-to-the-press/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[Well, duh.]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14693062.2018.1483885">The
threat to climate change mitigation posed by the abundance of
fossil fuels</a></b><br>
Filip Johnsson ORCID Icon, Jan Kjarstad & Johan Rootzen ORCID
Icon<br>
Received 29 Jun 2017, Accepted 25 May 2018, Published online: 19 Jun
2018<br>
ABSTRACT<br>
<blockquote>This article analyses the trends in primary demand for
fossil fuels and renewables, comparing regions with large and
small domestic fossil fuel reserves. We focus on countries that
hold 80% of global fossil fuel reserves and compare them with key
countries that have meagre fossil fuel reserves. We show that
those countries with large domestic fossil fuel reserves have
experienced a large increase in primary energy demand from fossil
fuels, but only a moderate or no increase in primary energy from
renewables, and in particular from non-hydro renewable energy
sources (NHRES), which are assumed to represent the cornerstone of
the future transformation of the global energy system. This
implies a tremendous threat to climate change mitigation, with
only two principal mitigation options for fossil-fuel-rich
economies if there is to be compliance with the temperature goals
of the Paris Agreement: (1) leave the fossil fuels in the ground;
and (2) apply carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies<br>
</blockquote>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14693062.2018.1483885">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14693062.2018.1483885</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[AC cooling increases heat, needing more cooling; lather, rinse,
repeat.]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44466214">How trying to
stay cool could make the world even hotter</a></b><br>
By Chris Baraniuk<br>
Air conditioning systems that keep homes, offices and shops cool on
hot days are rapidly gaining in popularity in a warming world. But
is all the extra electricity they use going to exacerbate climate
change or can design efficiencies prevent this?<br>
The world is getting hotter, indeed 16 of the 17 warmest years on
record have occurred since 2001, say climatologists.<br>
It's no wonder demand for air conditioning systems is going through
the roof. The energy they consume is likely to triple between now
and 2050, the International Energy Agency (IEA) says.<br>
This would mean that by 2050, the world's air conditioners would be
using the current electricity capacity of the US, the European Union
and Japan combined.<br>
So scientists and tech companies are trying to make cooling systems
more efficient.<br>
Researchers at Stanford University, for example, have developed a
system that uses cutting edge materials and "nano-photonics".<br>
They've invented a wafer-thin, highly reflective material that
radiates heat even in direct sunlight. The infrared, thermal energy
is radiated at a wavelength that slips through the Earth's
atmosphere into space, rather than being absorbed by it.<br>
In tests, the researchers found that it could be used to cool water
flowing through pipes beneath panels of the material. That water,
cooled on average to a few degrees lower than the outside air
temperature, could then be used to cool a building.<br>
And this is achieved without any electricity at all.<br>
The researchers have set up SkyCool Systems to try to commercialise
the technology.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44466214">https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44466214</a></font><br>
- - - - -<br>
[Here it is]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://skycoolsystems.com/">SkyCool
Systems REDEFINING COOLING</a></b><br>
Harnessing the sky as a renewable resource<br>
with the world's first cooling panel<br>
THE COOLING CHALLENGE<br>
Air conditioning & refrigeration systems consume 17% of
electricity generated worldwide and are responsible for 8% of global
greenhouse gas emissions.<br>
With electricity use for cooling projected to grow 6x by 2050, the
status quo is no longer an option.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://skycoolsystems.com/">http://skycoolsystems.com/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[Nerve toxins they are]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.kpvi.com/news/national_news/oregon-water-scare-algae-blooms-happening-more-often/article_16914cf4-bcf0-57df-809c-f61d18f9c096.html">Warming
drives spread of toxic algae in US, researchers say</a></b><br>
By TOM JAMES<br>
SALEM, Ore. (AP) - The words blasted to cellphones around Oregon's
capital city were ominous: "Civil emergency . prepare for action."<br>
Within half an hour, a second official alert clarified the subject
wasn't impending violence but toxins from an algae bloom, detected
in Salem's water supply.<br>
Across the U.S., reservoirs that supply drinking water and lakes
used for recreation are experiencing similar events with growing
frequency. The trend represents another impact of global warming and
raises looming questions about the effects on human health,
researchers say.<br>
"When water bodies warm up earlier and stay warmer longer ... you
increase the number of incidents," said Wayne Carmichael, a retired
Wright State University professor specializing in the organisms.
"That's just logical, and it's being borne out."<br>
Technically called cyanobacteria, the ancient class of organisms
that create the blooms are present nearly everywhere water is found
but thrive in warm, still bodies like lakes and ponds. They also
create a unique class of toxins, the impact of which on humans is
only partly understood.<br>
ong linked to animal deaths, high doses of the toxins in humans can
cause liver damage and attack the nervous system. In the largest
outbreaks, hundreds have been sickened by blooms in reservoirs and
lakes, and officials in some areas now routinely close water bodies
used for recreation and post warnings when blooms occur.<br>
But less is known about exposure at lower doses, especially over the
long term.<br>
Small studies have linked exposure to liver cancer - one toxin is
classified as a carcinogen, and others have pointed to potential
links to neurodegenerative disease. But definitively proving those
links would require larger studies, said Carmichael, who helped the
World Health Organization set the first safe exposure standards for
the toxins.<br>
"It's absolutely certain in my mind that warming temperatures are
going to end up causing more of these algal blooms," said Steven
Chapra, an environmental engineering professor at Tufts University.<br>
Chapra led a team including scientists from the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
in one of the most comprehensive studies of the interplay between
global warming and the blooms, published in 2017.<br>
Because they prefer warm water, higher summer temperatures and more
frequent heat waves help the organisms. More frequent droughts also
cause reservoirs to be shallower in summer, causing them to warm
faster.<br>
And more intense rainstorms, also conclusively linked to climate
change, can wash more nutrients into lakes and reservoirs,
especially from farms where nitrogen and phosphorous-rich
fertilizers are used, Chapra said.<br>
In Utah, a 2016 algae bloom in a recreational-use lake sickened more
than 100. When the story made national headlines, other states
reached out.<br>
"We started getting calls from other health departments all over the
country saying, 'Hey, we're dealing with an algal bloom in a lake
that has never ever had one before,'" said Aislynn Tolman-Hill, Utah
County Health Department spokeswoman.<br>
Officials only recently started carefully logging the blooms, but
they seem to be becoming more intense, said Ben Holcomb, a biologist
for Utah's environmental agency. "They're starting earlier, they're
lasting longer, and their peaks seem to be getting bigger," Holcomb
said. "I don't think any state is isolated."<br>
In Lake Erie, a major bloom in 2014 caused authorities to warn
against drinking tap water in Toledo, Ohio, for more than two days,
cutting off the main water source for more than 400,000 people.<br>
Now blooms happen every year in Utah and Ohio. Officials in both
states say they've largely been able to stop them from toxifying
drinking water. But the blooms can still sicken people and pets that
go in the water, and often hit recreation businesses that depend on
lake access.<br>
Other blooms, including flare-ups affecting drinking water, have
been logged in recent years in New York, Florida and California.<br>
In Oregon, officials lifted Salem's drinking water advisory after
several days, but then had to re-issue the warning. The water supply
serves a population of just over 150,000 in the city, along with
residents outside city limits.,,<br>
Officials also warned that dozens of other water supplies could be
vulnerable, and indeed, when workers from the city of Cottage Grove
inspected another reservoir, they found a bloom, according to a
report by Oregon Public Broadcasting.<br>
Testing for the blooms isn't required by either federal or state
law, officials noted.<br>
Researchers say that needs to change because blooms are likely to
become more common, including in states where low temperatures
previously provided a buffer against them.<br>
"These things like you're seeing in Lake Erie and in Oregon are kind
of like the canary in the coal mine," said Chapra, the Tufts
researcher.<br>
"It's going to get worse, and it's going to get worse in a big way."<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.kpvi.com/news/national_news/oregon-water-scare-algae-blooms-happening-more-often/article_16914cf4-bcf0-57df-809c-f61d18f9c096.html">https://www.kpvi.com/news/national_news/oregon-water-scare-algae-blooms-happening-more-often/article_16914cf4-bcf0-57df-809c-f61d18f9c096.html</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[Study - recent Springer title:] <br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319746685">Communicating
climate change information for decision-making</a></b> offers
useful insights into how climate change knowledge is being applied
to support adaptation. According to a review by Curtis Martin of the
center for Environmental Information: Use and Influence (EIUI)
hosted at Dalhousie University: "The book's thirteen chapters
provide insights about how to increase the use of existing and new
climate change knowledge in decisions, by tracing the information
pathways from researcher to decision-maker in three parts:
Developing Climate Change Information, Communicating Climate Change
Information, and Applying Climate Change Information".<br>
Reference<br>
Serrao-Neumann, S. M., Coudrain, A., & Coulter, L. (Eds.)
(2018). Communicating climate change information for
decision-making. Cham: Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-74669-2.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74669-2_2 (<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319746685">https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319746685</a>)<br>
<br>
<br>
[Exxonic malfeasance]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/22062018/exxon-climate-investor-fraud-investigation-new-york-attorney-general-proxy-costs-subpoena">Exxon's
Sitting on Key Records Subpoenaed in Climate Fraud
Investigation, N.Y. Says</a></b><br>
New York's new attorney general isn't letting up on the oil giant.
Investigators want to know if it misled investors and the public
about climate change.<br>
David Hasemyer<br>
BY DAVID HASEMYER<br>
ExxonMobil has yet to turn over key financial records subpoenaed by
state investigators over a year ago in a climate fraud inquiry, New
York's attorney general told a judge in new court filings.<br>
New York Attorney General Barbara Underwood asked Judge Barry
Ostrager to order the oil giant to obey the state's subpoenas,
saying that company employees had told investigators that the
records are readily accessible.<br>
At issue are records that document the company's estimates of how
future limits on global warming pollution would affect its sales of
oil and gas.<br>
Known as "proxy costs," these estimates are thought to be laid out
in the cash flow spreadsheets that Underwood's office is seeking.
They could be crucial to understanding whether the assets that
underlie Exxon's value as a company might be stranded if fossil
fuels have to be left in the ground to stave off climate change.<br>
Exxon has steadfastly insisted in public documents and statements,
including its filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission, that none of its oil and gas reserves will become
stranded. The <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/tags/exxon-climate-change-investigation">Exxon
investigation</a> in New York and a similar investigation underway
in Massachusetts seek to determine if the company misled investors
and the public about risks related to climate change.<br>
-<br>
"Exxon has repeatedly assured investors that it is taking active
steps to protect the company's value from the risk that climate
change regulation poses to its business," the attorney general says
in the <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4551474-New-NY-AG-Subpoena-6-22-2018.html">30-page</a>
motion filed in the Supreme Court of New York in Manhattan.<br>
<b>Two Sets of Numbers?</b><br>
State investigators suspect that the company used one set of numbers
in describing risks to investors but used a secret set internally to
calculate the impact of greenhouse gas regulations. The internal
estimates are the ones the investigators want to see.<br>
-<br>
The evidence lies in records related to 26 of Exxon's largest
projects, the investigators say.<br>
<br>
"Cash flow spreadsheets likely provide the most direct evidence of
what proxy costs, if any, Exxon used, as well as the financial
impact of any failure to abide by the company's public
representations," the motion, some of which was redacted, states.<br>
<br>
Exxon has said that searching through hundreds of thousands of
documents for the spreadsheets is too much of a burden to find what
investigators are seeking. But the attorney general's office says
that argument has been undermined by the testimony of Exxon's
employees, who have said the company has the spreadsheets stored in
an organized and readily accessible manner...<br>
- <br>
The attorney general's office issued its <a
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/05112015/new-york-attorney-general-eric-schneiderman-subpoena-Exxon-climate-documents"
style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; color:
rgb(131, 190, 68); text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">first
subpoena in 2015</a>, three months after InsideClimate News
published an<span> </span><a
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/content/Exxon-The-Road-Not-Taken"
style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; color:
rgb(131, 190, 68); text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">investigative
series of stories</a><span> </span>disclosing Exxon's early
understanding of the link between burning fossil fuels and global
warming in the late 1970s. The Los Angeles Times later<span> </span><a
href="http://graphics.latimes.com/exxon-arctic/"
style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; color:
rgb(131, 190, 68); text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">published
similar stories</a>.<br>
New York investigators later<span> </span><a
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/09062017/exxon-climate-accounting-court-document"
style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; color:
rgb(131, 190, 68); text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">subpoenaed
Exxon records held by company auditor PricewaterhouseCoopers</a>,
seeking internal records the company may have provided its
accountants.<br>
Exxon has faced a series of legal setbacks in the last few months.
The company was<span> </span><a
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29032018/exxon-climate-fraud-investigations-ruling-federal-judge-caproni-new-york-schneiderman-massachusetts-healey"
style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; color:
rgb(131, 190, 68); text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">rebuffed
in New York federal court</a><span> </span>in its attempt to block
investigations by both the New York Attorney General's office and
the Massachusetts Attorney General's office. The company also<span> </span><a
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13042018/exxon-climate-change-investigation-massachusetts-supreme-court-ruling-refuses-block-attorney-general-healey"
style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; color:
rgb(131, 190, 68); text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">failed
to halt the Massachusetts investigation</a><span> </span>in that
state's highest court.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/22062018/exxon-climate-investor-fraud-investigation-new-york-attorney-general-proxy-costs-subpoena">https://insideclimatenews.org/news/22062018/exxon-climate-investor-fraud-investigation-new-york-attorney-general-proxy-costs-subpoena</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<font size="+1"><b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/24/politics/24CND-CHEN.html">This
Day in Climate History - June 24, 2004</a> - from D.R. Tucker</b></font><br>
June 24, 2004: NYTimes.com reports: <br>
<blockquote>"The Supreme Court handed a major political victory to
the Bush administration today, ruling 7 to 2 that Vice President
Dick Cheney is not obligated, at least for now, to release secret
details of his energy task force.<br>
<br>
"The majority of the justices agreed with the administration's
arguments that private deliberations among a president, vice
president and their close advisers are indeed entitled to special
treatment — arising from the constitutional principle known as
executive privilege — although they said the administration must
still prove the specifics of its case in the lower courts.<br>
<br>
"'A president's communications and activities encompass a vastly
wider range of sensitive material than would be true of any
ordinary individual,' the court said in a summary of the majority
opinion written by Justice Anthony M. Kennedy.<br>
<br>
"By sending the case back to the lower federal courts, the
majority removed a significant political headache for President
Bush and Vice President Cheney. As a practical matter, the outcome
today means that the final resolution will not come until well
after the November elections."<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/24/politics/24CND-CHEN.html">http://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/24/politics/24CND-CHEN.html</a>
<br>
- - - -=<br>
"This case requires us to consider the circumstances<br>
under which a court of appeals may exercise<br>
its power to issue a writ of mandamus to modify or dissolve<br>
the orders when, by virtue of their overbreadth,<br>
enforcement might interfere with the officials in the discharge<br>
of their duties and impinge upon the President's<br>
constitutional prerogatives."<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.fas.org/sgp/jud/cheney062404.pdf">https://www.fas.org/sgp/jud/cheney062404.pdf</a>
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
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