<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
</head>
<body link="#0B6CDA" vlink="#551A8B" text="#000000" bgcolor="#ffffff"
alink="#EE0000">
<font size="+1"><i>June 28, 2018</i></font><br>
<br>
[wildfires]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/3000-firefighters-deployed-wildfire-rages-northern-california/story?id=56194172">Nearly
3,000 firefighters deployed as wildfire rages in Northern
California</a></b><br>
A raging wildfire in Northern California has grown by about 3,000
acres on as firefighters fought to contain the blaze, which has
already destroyed at least 22 homes and buildings, authorities said.<br>
The Pawnee fire has burned at least 13,000 acres in Lake County,
California, north of San Francisco, as high temperatures and windy
conditions fanned the flames, fire officials said.<br>
About 2,700 fire fighters have been deployed to the area, but the
brutal weather conditions have made the fight difficult... <font
size="-1"><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/3000-firefighters-deployed-wildfire-rages-northern-california/story?id=56194172">https://abcnews.go.com/US/3000-firefighters-deployed-wildfire-rages-northern-california/story?id=56194172</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[bad year for Copper River Salmon]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2018/06/27/the-blob-likely-to-blame-for-poor-salmon-returns-in-gulf-of-alaska/">The
'blob' likely to blame for poor salmon returns in Gulf of Alaska</a></b><br>
By Jason Smith June 27, 2018<br>
The mass of unusually warm water that persisted in the gulf of the
US state beginning in 2014 not fully dissipating until last year, is
the likely cause behind the reduced returns, biologists told
Undercurrent News. <br>
"What we're seeing now, the sockeye and the Chinook that are
returning now, those juveniles entered the water in 2015, 2016. I
think we're seeing the effects of very poor survival when they hit
the ocean during those warm periods," Andrew Gray, a fisheries
biologist with the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration's
(NOAA) Alaska Fisheries Science Center, said.<br>
- - - -<br>
Although fishing has only been underway for a couple of weeks in the
gulf, ADF&G has been concerned enough to take emergency
management action. For example, the Chignik River district remains
closed to commercial fishing and the agency temporarily closed
fisheries nearby when DNA tests showed that Chignik-bound fish were
present. Returns were devastatingly low for Copper River and things
aren't looking good for several other salmon fisheries either. <br>
Bowers said the blob makes sense as an explanation, partly because
other factors don't.<br>
"We don't think that a decline as widespread as this would have been
caused by freshwater habitat issues because those concerns wouldn't
affect each stock in the same way," he said.<br>
First seen in 2014, the blob effect raised ocean temperatures by as
much as three degrees C (about 5.4 degrees F) higher than average
for months, NOAA has said...<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2018/06/27/the-blob-likely-to-blame-for-poor-salmon-returns-in-gulf-of-alaska/">https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2018/06/27/the-blob-likely-to-blame-for-poor-salmon-returns-in-gulf-of-alaska/</a></font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
[says TIme magazine]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://time.com/5324154/anthony-kennedy-supreme-court-climate-change/">Justice
Kennedy's Replacement Could Make It Harder to Fight Climate
Change</a></b><br>
By JUSTIN WORLAND - June 27, 2018<br>
The retirement of Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy could allow
the nation's highest court to change its mind on whether the
Environmental Protection Agency has to fight climate change.<br>
As a crucial swing vote, the Reagan appointee joined liberals in a
landmark 5-4 decision in 2007 that the EPA is required to address
climate change if its own scientists found that it posed a risk to
public health. Two years later the agency made exactly that
determination, issuing a scientific document known as the
endangerment finding.<br>
"We're not going to get another Kennedy who's going to play that
moderating role," says Deborah Sivas, a professor of environmental
law at Stanford University. "Since it's a matter of statutory
interpretation instead of bedrock constitutional principles I could
see folks try to set up a new challenge."...<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://time.com/5324154/anthony-kennedy-supreme-court-climate-change/">http://time.com/5324154/anthony-kennedy-supreme-court-climate-change/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[pretty obvious]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-global-climatechange-women/climate-change-a-man-made-problem-with-a-feminist-solution-says-robinson-idUSKBN1JE2IN">Climate
change a 'man-made problem with a feminist solution' says
Robinson</a></b><br>
Zoe Tabary<br>
LONDON (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Women must be at the heart of
climate action if the world is to limit the deadly impact of
disasters such as floods, former Irish president and U.N. rights
commissioner Mary Robinson said on Monday.<br>
Robinson, also a former U.N. climate envoy, said women were most
adversely affected by disasters and yet are rarely "put front and
center" of efforts to protect the most vulnerable.<br>
"Climate change is a man-made problem and must have a feminist
solution," she said at a meeting of climate experts at London's
Marshall Institute for Philanthropy and Entrepreneurship.<br>
"Feminism doesn't mean excluding men, it's about being more
inclusive of women and -in this case - acknowledging the role they
can play in tackling climate change."<br>
Research has shown that women's vulnerabilities are exposed during
the chaos of cyclones, earthquakes and floods, according to the
British think-tank Overseas Development Institute.<br>
In many developing countries, for example, women are involved in
food production, but are not allowed to manage the cash earned by
selling their crops, said Robinson.<br>
The lack of access to financial resources can hamper their ability
to cope with extreme weather, she told the Thomson Reuters
Foundation on the sidelines of the event.<br>
"Women all over the world are ... on the frontlines of the fall-out
from climate change and therefore on the forefront of climate
action," said Natalie Samarasinghe, executive director of Britain's
United Nations Association.<br>
"What we - the international community - need to do is talk to them,
learn from them and support them in scaling up what they know works
best in their communities," she said at the meeting.<br>
Robinson served as Irish president from 1990-1997 before taking over
as the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights, and now leads a
foundation devoted to climate justice.<br>
Reporting by Zoe Tabary @zoetabary, Editing by Claire Cozens. Please
credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson
Reuters, that covers humanitarian news, women's rights, trafficking,
property rights, climate change and resilience. <br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-global-climatechange-women/climate-change-a-man-made-problem-with-a-feminist-solution-says-robinson-idUSKBN1JE2IN">https://www.reuters.com/article/us-global-climatechange-women/climate-change-a-man-made-problem-with-a-feminist-solution-says-robinson-idUSKBN1JE2IN</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[it is all connected - of course]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://thebulletin.org/did-climate-change-spark-border-crisis11935">Did
climate change spark the border crisis?</a></b><br>
By Dawn Stover<br>
27 JUNE 2018<br>
The majority of immigrants crossing the southwestern US border in
recent months have come from the Northern Triangle of Central
America: El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. In the popular
narrative, they are fleeing<span> </span><a
href="https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/central-americas-violent-northern-triangle"
target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration:
none; transition-property: background-color, background-image,
color; transition-duration: 0.1s; color: rgb(133, 22, 24);">gang
violence</a>, drug wars, and a lack of economic opportunities. An
alternative narrative, however,<span> </span><a
href="https://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2018/04/violence-drought-migration-central-americas-northern-triangle/"
target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration:
none; transition-property: background-color, background-image,
color; transition-duration: 0.1s; color: rgb(133, 22, 24);">suggests</a> that
another factor sparked the border crisis: protracted drought.<br>
Applications for asylum in the United States have<span> </span><a
href="http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/statistics/unhcrstats/5b27be547/unhcr-global-trends-2017.html"
target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration:
none; transition-property: background-color, background-image,
color; transition-duration: 0.1s; color: rgb(133, 22, 24);">surged</a><span> </span>in
the past four years, with more than a third of all applicants coming
from the Northern Triangle. The increased migration coincides with
an agricultural crisis there that began in 2014 and depleted food
stocks. In a June 2016<span> </span><a
href="http://www.fao.org/emergencies/resources/documents/resources-detail/en/c/422097/"
target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration:
none; transition-property: background-color, background-image,
color; transition-duration: 0.1s; color: rgb(133, 22, 24);">situation
report</a>, the UN Food and Agricultural Organization warned that
the Northern Triangle was experiencing repeated crop losses caused
by severe drought - the result of a strong El Niño weather pattern.
After a strong El Niño, the weather pendulum can swing in the
opposite direction the following year, with heavier-than-normal
rainfall that can also cause crop losses.<br>
Some climate models<span> </span><a
href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2100"
target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration:
none; transition-property: background-color, background-image,
color; transition-duration: 0.1s; color: rgb(133, 22, 24);">predict</a><span> </span>that
global warming, which increases sea surface temperatures, will make
extreme El Niño events more frequent. But despite considerable
progress in understanding the connection between global warming
and El Niño, it is<span> </span><a
href="https://e360.yale.edu/features/el_nino_and_climate_change_wild_weather_may_get_wilder"
target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration:
none; transition-property: background-color, background-image,
color; transition-duration: 0.1s; color: rgb(133, 22, 24);">not
yet possible to say with certainty</a><span> </span>that global
warming made the Northern Triangle drought worse.<br>
There is little doubt that the Northern Triangle countries are among
the<span> </span><a
href="http://www.thisisinsider.com/dangerous-countries-2017-5#2-yemen-19"
target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration:
none; transition-property: background-color, background-image,
color; transition-duration: 0.1s; color: rgb(133, 22, 24);">most
dangerous</a><span> </span>in the world, but violence doesn't tell
the whole story of the border crisis. About 80 percent of the people
fleeing Guatemala are<span> </span><a
href="https://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2018/04/violence-drought-migration-central-americas-northern-triangle/"
target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration:
none; transition-property: background-color, background-image,
color; transition-duration: 0.1s; color: rgb(133, 22, 24);">coming
from areas</a><span> </span>where the homicide rate is comparable
to the United States but food is scarce.<br>
A 2017<span> </span><a
href="https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000022124/download/?_ga=2.186416544.849116656.1503506467-813076901.1503506467"
target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration:
none; transition-property: background-color, background-image,
color; transition-duration: 0.1s; color: rgb(133, 22, 24);">report</a><span> </span>by
a coalition of international aid organizations confirmed that hunger
is linked to multiple factors driving migration - including poverty,
violence, and climate variability. Even if the current border crisis
can't be pinned primarily on climate conditions, future warming is
likely to have a growing impact on human migration.<br>
<font size="-2"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://thebulletin.org/did-climate-change-spark-border-crisis11935">https://thebulletin.org/did-climate-change-spark-border-crisis11935</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[Arctic changes]<br>
OCEANS 25 June 2018 16:00<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/atlantification-arctic-sea-tipping-towards-new-climate-regime">'Atlantification'
of Arctic sea tipping it towards new climate regime</a></b><br>
Rising temperatures and declining sea ice are driving a "rapid
climate shift" in the Arctic's Barents Sea, a new study says.<br>
The research, published in Nature Climate Change, finds that warming
conditions and decreasing sea ice volume "may soon" see the Barents
Sea complete a transition from cold, fresh Arctic waters to a warm,
salty Atlantic regime.<br>
If current trends continue, the transition could occur "around
2040", the lead author tells Carbon Brief. This would have "unknown
consequences" for the wider ecosystem and commercial fishing, the
study warns.<br>
<b>'Atlantification'</b><br>
The Barents Sea is "at the doorstep to the Arctic Ocean", the new
paper says, roughly hemmed in by Russia and Scandinavia to the
south, the island of Svalbard to the northwest and Russia's Novaya
Zemlya archipelago to the east.<br>
It is broadly divided into two regions. The waters of the northern
Barents are cold, fresh and often covered in sea ice, while the
south is supplied with warm and salty water from the Atlantic Ocean,
which prevents ice from forming on the surface.<br>
The graphic below illustrates this in more detail. On the left-hand
side, the Atlantic domain - the southern Barents Sea and beyond - is
relatively warm and well-mixed. On the right-hand side is the
interior Arctic, where a large body of cold, ice-covered Arctic
water sits on a deeper Atlantic layer. The Arctic domain is highly
"stratified", which means the different layers of water stay largely
separate.<br>
The central section shows the "frontier" region of the northern
Barents Sea. This has a shallower Arctic water layer that is usually
only covered in sea ice through the winter.<br>
Illustration of the frontier region between Atlantic (left) and
Arctic (right) ocean climate domains. The Atlantic domain has warm
and saline Atlantic Water (red) occupying the entire water column,
and has large heat losses to the atmosphere (in winter). The Arctic
domain is cold, stratified and sea-ice covered, having an
intermediate Arctic layer of cold and fresh Arctic Water (blue) over
a deep Atlantic layer. In the Arctic domain, upward fluxes of heat
and salt from the deep Atlantic layer are largest in the frontier
region, where the stratification is weaker. Source: Lind et al.
(2018)<br>
But, in recent years, scientists have documented the
"Atlantification" of the Barents sea as an increased inflow of
Atlantic water has enlarged the area where sea ice cannot form. This
has resulted in decline in ice extent on the Barents Sea,
particularly in eastern areas.<br>
Using decades of data collected from ships and satellites, the new
study investigates the causes behind these changes, finding that
they are, ultimately, caused by rising temperatures in the Arctic
and the associated decrease in sea ice.<br>
<b>Sea change</b><br>
Sea ice plays a key role in keeping the northern Barents Sea in its
Arctic climate regime. In addition to the sea ice that forms on its
surface, the region receives an "import" of sea ice each year, blown
in from the central Arctic by the wind.<br>
When the imported sea ice melts in spring and summer, it provides an
influx of freshwater to the Barents Sea. This cold, fresh water
top-ups the Arctic layer of the northern region, helping to maintain
the stratification that works as a barrier to the warm Atlantic
waters below.<br>
But the amount of ice the Barents Sea receives each year is
declining. The average annual area of ice import during 2000-15 was
around 40% smaller, on average, than during 1979-2009, the study
finds. The decrease in volume of sea ice imported "was even larger",
the study says, at approximately 60%.<br>
This is in line with the observed decline in Arctic sea ice cover
more widely in response to rising temperatures, the paper says,
which reduces "the probability of large sea ice inflows to the
Barents Sea, in both volume and area".<br>
Less sea ice means less freshwater being imported into the northern
Barents Sea. The chart below shows how sea ice import (blue line)
has changed since 1970, as well as the freshwater content (black) of
the northern Barents Sea and the salinity of its surface waters
(red). All three metrics have shown a steep decline in recent years.<br>
Chart showing estimated sea ice volume import to the Barents Sea
during October-May (blue line), surface layer salinity (red) and
freshwater content (black). Actual values are shown on the left
axis, standardized anomalies relative to the 1979-2015 average on
the right axis. Source: Lind et al. (2018)<br>
This decline in freshwater content weakens the stratification that
separates the overlying cold, fresh Arctic water from the underlying
warm and more dense Atlantic water. As the two layers mix, it brings
the warm, salty water up from the deep, making it more difficult for
sea ice to form the following winter.<br>
This process also helps explain the warming "hotspot" in the
northern Barents Sea, says lead author Dr Sigrid Lind, a researcher
in physical oceanography and climate science at the Institute of
Marine Science and the University of Bergen in Norway. She tells
Carbon Brief:<br>
"A likely cause for the Arctic warming hotspot is, therefore, that
less sea ice inflows have caused major freshwater loss and weakened
stratification, bringing heat and salt up from the deep Atlantic
layer, making the Arctic layer warmer, reducing the winter sea ice
cover and increasing winter surface air temperature."<br>
All three layers of the Barents Sea are now significantly warmer
than they were in the 1970-99 baseline period, the study finds.<br>
The top 60 metres of the Barents Sea is 1.5C warmer in the 21st
century than during 1970-99, the paper says, while below 60 metres
has warmed by 0.5-0.8C. The salinity in all three layers has also
increased during the 2000s.<br>
<b>'First to lose the battle'</b><br>
The results suggest that supplies of sea ice from the Arctic are
necessary to keep the northern Barents Sea "cold, stratified and
sea-ice covered", the paper says.<br>
The findings also point towards a "fundamental shift in the physical
environment", the paper says, where the northern Barents Sea could
be "the first [frontier region] to lose the battle against Atlantic
water".<br>
Model simulations suggest that the transition from Arctic-type to
Atlantic-type waters in the northern Barents Sea could happen by the
end of the century. But it is "likely to happen much faster", Lind
says:<br>
"If the decline in freshwater content in the upper 100 metres during
2000-16 continues, the freshwater content will be zero - meaning no
stratification - around 2040."<br>
The exact timing will depend strongly on the speed of Arctic sea ice
decline and the highly-variable inflow of sea ice to the Barents
Sea, says Lind. This could either speed up or slow down the
transition.<br>
Such a rapid change would be a "historically rare" moment, the paper
says, which has previously only been documented in palaeoclimate
studies of the Earth's long history.<br>
<b>Into the unknown</b><br>
A transition to an Atlantic regime in the northern Barents Sea would
have "unknown consequences" for the wider ecosystem, the paper
warns.<br>
On the one hand, commercial fish stocks may expand north into new
areas - and research shows that Atlantic fish species are already
entering the northern Barents Sea during summer.<br>
However, it is not known how the loss of an Arctic ecosystem will
affect Atlantic species. For example, "the capelin - a key prey for
several commercial fish species - feed on species that are linked to
the sea ice edge," notes Lind.<br>
In addition, the situation for the creatures that currently enjoy
the Arctic conditions of the Barents Sea could "become critical",
says Lind:<br>
"The Arctic ecosystem in the northern Barents Sea have species that
are adapted to the cold, stratified and sea-ice covered Arctic
climate, including ice-associated marine mammals."<br>
Prof Igor Polyakov of the International Arctic Research Center, who
was not involved in the research, agrees that the impacts could be
considerable. He tells Carbon Brief:<br>
"The discussion presented in the manuscript rightly states that this
region may soon be transferred from an Arctic to an Atlantic type of
climate. Consequences of these changes may be widespread and
dramatic."<br>
And, despite the uncertainties around the timing of the outcome, the
study has a "solid base", thanks to the set of "excellent"
temperature and salinity observations and satellite data for the
Barents Sea, adds Polyakov.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/atlantification-arctic-sea-tipping-towards-new-climate-regime">https://www.carbonbrief.org/atlantification-arctic-sea-tipping-towards-new-climate-regime</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[except that water consumption is a part of water withdrawal]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://earther.com/wow-americans-are-actually-getting-better-at-conservin-1827142640">Wow,
Americans Are Actually Getting Better at Conserving Something</a></b><br>
Maddie Stone<br>
It's not every day we hear Americans are doing an okay job on the
conservation front, but that appears to be the case when it comes to
water usage. A new U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) report finds U.S.
water consumption is at its lowest level in more than 45 years.<br>
Americans withdrew 322 billion gallons of water a day in 2015, down
from 354 billion gallons per day in 2010. It's the continuation of a
"sharp but steady" downward trend that's been evident since 2005
according to USGS, which tracks American water usage every five
years. That's welcome news considering the water woes many Americans
out West have faced due to persistent drought - a problem climate
change will only exacerbate.<br>
The dip in water use from 2010 to 2015 was driven by a nearly 20
percent drop in consumption by power plants, which account for about
40 percent of all American water usage. That can be attributed to
the use of newer, more efficient water-based cooling systems, an
increase in the use of dry cooling towers, and the shuttering of
aging coal plants with inefficient water usage, per the report.<br>
But individual consumers also played a role. Public supply water
withdrawals - for residences, public pools, parks, commercial spaces
and more - account for 12 percent of American water usage. This
consumption was down in 2015, too, with the average per-capita water
use dropping from 88 to 82 gallons per day.<br>
Hearteningly, the public supply trend was driven largely by declines
in water use in California and Texas, two states with high water
consumption that have been hit by serious drought in recent years.
In California, Governor Jerry Brown imposed mandatory water
restrictions in 2015, while in Texas, the voluntary efforts of
utility companies to conserve water seem to be paying off. The
report notes that San Antonio's water system reduced its per capita
usage 42 percent "simply by focusing on education, outreach, and
regulations."<br>
More broadly, a smorgasbord of policies have helped Americans save
water across the country, including the National Energy Policy Act
of 1992, which established efficiency standards for toilets,
faucets, shower heads and more, and EPA WaterSense, a program that
certifies consumer products as water efficient.<br>
There's no such thing as a simple success story, though. As Kathie
Dello, Associate Director of the Oregon Climate Change Research
Institute pointed out to Earther, the decline in water usage has
actually been a challenge for some utilities, which have had to
raise their rates in order to keep revenues up.<br>
Then there's climate change. As the EPA's now-defunct (RIP) page on
water and climate states, "climate change is likely to increase
water demand while shrinking water supplies." We'll see this in
South Florida, where rising sea levels are causing surface aquifers
to become tainted with salt, a problem that's only going to get
worse. Meanwhile in the South and West, already drought-prone areas
are likely to become hotter and drier while reservoir-replenishing
snowpack diminishes.<br>
"The delicate conversation between conservation and consumption
isn't going away, especially with declining western snowpack and
limited storage," Dello said.<br>
It's a good thing that industries and individuals are taking steps
to reduce their water usage. But it's going to take a lot more than
ditching paper butt wipes for bidets for humans to adapt to a
thirstier future...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://earther.com/wow-americans-are-actually-getting-better-at-conservin-1827142640">https://earther.com/wow-americans-are-actually-getting-better-at-conservin-1827142640</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://earther.com/">https://earther.com/</a><br>
<br>
<br>
EXPERT BLOG › CLARE MORGANELLI <br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.nrdc.org/experts/clare-morganelli/antibiotic-resistance-climate-change-dangerous-duo">Antibiotic
Resistance & Climate Change: A Dangerous Duo</a></b><br>
June 26, 2018 Clare Morganelli <br>
It's no secret that climate change already poses a plethora of
threats to the health and wellbeing of Americans, from increasing
heat-related illness and death, to worsening extreme weather events
like hurricanes and flooding, to expanding the previous range of
mosquitoes and ticks that carry Lyme Disease, West Nile or Zika
virus, and other diseases. A new study published in Nature Climate
Change adds to the list: warming global temperatures caused by
carbon pollution could be playing a role in the increasing rate of
antibiotic resistance.<br>
Antibiotic resistance is a growing public health crisis in the
United States, but this problem has largely been attributed to the
over-prescription and use of antibiotic drugs. Routine doses of
antibiotics in feed are standard practice in the livestock industry,
and up to half of all antibiotics prescribed to people are not
needed or are not optimally effective as prescribed. It's not
surprising that outbreaks of antibiotic-resistant infections
typically emerge from factory farms, where healthy animals are
routinely fed antibiotics to compensate for dangerous conditions, or
from healthcare facilities, where antibiotic-resistant bacteria are
a major risk. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
estimate that in the United States, over two million people fall
sick each year due to antibiotic-resistant infections, resulting in
at least 23,000 deaths.<br>
- - - - -<br>
<b>Could climate change be promoting the evolution of these
hard-to-treat bacteria?</b><br>
It's long-established that warmer temperatures promote bacterial
growth. A number of bacteria, like Staphylococcus aureus, thrive in
temperatures between 40 and 140 degrees Fahrenheit - a range often
referred to as the "danger zone". As temperatures around the world
continue to rise, bacteria are expected to reproduce at a faster
rate, increasing the opportunity for mutation and transmission. This
new research estimates that a 10-degree Celsius (18 degrees
Fahrenheit) increase in average minimum temperatures across the U.S.
could result in a 2.2 percent increase in Staphylococcus aureus
antibiotic resistance. In 2017, the U.S. experienced an average
annual temperature 2.6 degrees Fahrenheit above the 20th century
average. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA,
already causes 80,000 infections and 11,000 deaths annually in the
U.S. alone, so the underlying risk of these bacteria to Americans is
already substantial.<br>
The World Health Organization describes antibiotic resistance as
"one of the biggest threats to global health, food security, and
development today." A growing number of infections are becoming
increasingly difficult to treat with remaining antibiotics; some are
already resistant to all of them. While a number of precautions can
help reduce this alarming trend, such as limiting misuse of
antibiotics in livestock, this study illuminates just one more
reason why action on climate change is needed to safeguard our
health.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.nrdc.org/experts/clare-morganelli/antibiotic-resistance-climate-change-dangerous-duo">https://www.nrdc.org/experts/clare-morganelli/antibiotic-resistance-climate-change-dangerous-duo</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[video lecture. Cornell]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVfpHXXnjXs">Climate Jihad
in Africa: Sea Level Rise, Forced Migration, and Related Turmoil
Across the Continent</a></b><br>
Published on Feb 22, 2018<br>
Cornell University - 2018 Climate Change Seminar by Prof. Charles
Geisler<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.atkinson.cornell.edu/events/ClimateChangeSem.php">http://www.atkinson.cornell.edu/events/ClimateChangeSem.php</a><br>
Recorded at Cornell University - February 12, 2018<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVfpHXXnjXs">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVfpHXXnjXs</a><br>
<br>
<br>
[Learning about ice]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://youtu.be/lRK5roxWRc4">Ice
Apocalypse - MULTIPLE METERS SEA LEVEL RISE</a></b><br>
Climate State<br>
Published on Nov 23, 2017<br>
Rapid collapse of Antarctic glaciers could flood coastal cities by
the end of this century. Based on an article written by Eric
Holthaus. Read the full story <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://grist.org/article/antarctica">https://grist.org/article/antarctica</a>-...<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://youtu.be/lRK5roxWRc4">https://youtu.be/lRK5roxWRc4</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<font size="+1"><b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://blogsofbainbridge.typepad.com/ecotalkblog/2006/07/who_killed_the_.html">This
Day in Climate History - June 28, 2006 </a>- from D.R. Tucker</b></font><br>
June 28, 2006: The documentary "Who Killed the Electric Car?" is
released in the United States. (Executive producer Dean Devlin and
electric-car advocate Chelsea Sexton would appear on the July 7,
2006 edition of "EcoTalk with Betsy Rosenberg" on Air America to
discuss the film.)<br>
<blockquote>It was among the fastest, most efficient production car
ever built. It ran on electricity, produced no emissions and
catapulted American technology to the forefront of the automotive
industry. The lucky few who drove it never wanted to give it up.
So why did General Motors crush its fleet of EV-1 electric
vehicles in the Arizona desert?<br>
</blockquote>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://youtu.be/k96tIRjxzw0">http://youtu.be/k96tIRjxzw0</a> <br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://blogsofbainbridge.typepad.com/ecotalkblog/2006/07/who_killed_the_.html">http://blogsofbainbridge.typepad.com/ecotalkblog/2006/07/who_killed_the_.html</a>
</font><br>
<br>
<font size="+1"><i>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
</i></font><font size="+1"><i><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/2017-October/date.html">Archive
of Daily Global Warming News</a> </i></font><i><br>
</i><span class="moz-txt-link-freetext"><a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote</a></span><font
size="+1"><i><font size="+1"><i><br>
</i></font></i></font><font size="+1"><i> <br>
</i></font><font size="+1"><i><font size="+1"><i>To receive daily
mailings - <a
href="mailto:subscribe@theClimate.Vote?subject=Click%20SEND%20to%20process%20your%20request">click
to Subscribe</a> </i></font>to news digest. </i></font>
<blockquote>
<blockquote><small> </small><small><b>** Privacy and Security: </b>
This is a text-only mailing that carries no images which may
originate from remote servers. </small><small> Text-only
messages provide greater privacy to the receiver and sender.
</small><small> </small><br>
<small> By regulation, the .VOTE top-level domain must be used
for democratic and election purposes and cannot be used for
commercial purposes. </small><br>
<small>To subscribe, email: <a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:contact@theclimate.vote">contact@theclimate.vote</a>
with subject: subscribe, To Unsubscribe, subject:
unsubscribe</small><br>
<small> Also you</small><font size="-1"> may
subscribe/unsubscribe at <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote</a></font><small>
</small><br>
<small> </small><small>Links and headlines assembled and
curated by Richard Pauli</small><small> for <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://TheClimate.Vote">http://TheClimate.Vote</a>
delivering succinct information for citizens and responsible
governments of all levels.</small><small> L</small><small>ist
membership is confidential and records are scrupulously
restricted to this mailing list. <br>
</small></blockquote>
</blockquote>
</body>
</html>