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<font size="+1"><i>August 23, 2018</i></font><br>
<br>
[cough, cough, sob, sob]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://thenarwhal.ca/the-lost-summer-the-emotional-and-spiritual-toll-of-the-smoke-apocalypse/">'The
lost summer': the emotional and spiritual toll of the smoke
apocalypse</a></b><br>
Anxiety, fear and grief: what experts are learning about the mental
health effects of wildfire haze<br>
Sharon J Riley - Aug 21, 2018<br>
Little research has been done to quantify the psychological effects
of widespread and persistent wildfire smoke, though researchers have
found ties to feelings of hopelessness, irritability, depression,
fear, isolation, change of sleep patterns and lethargy. The research
is scarce, in part because prolonged and widespread smoke is "a
relatively new phenomenon in North America," according to Dr. Sarah
Henderson, senior environmental health scientist at the B.C. Centre
for Disease Control.<br>
Increasingly though, experts are concerned about the mental health
effects of our new reality: weeks of seemingly unending smoke
wafting across the western provinces each summer.<br>
"It's very oppressive to live under smoky conditions, Henderson
said. "A couple of days of it is more tolerable than a couple of
weeks of it."...<br>
<font size="-1">more at:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://thenarwhal.ca/the-lost-summer-the-emotional-and-spiritual-toll-of-the-smoke-apocalypse/">https://thenarwhal.ca/the-lost-summer-the-emotional-and-spiritual-toll-of-the-smoke-apocalypse/</a></font><br>
- - - -<br>
[Canadian Study May 2017]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-of-emergency-medicine/article/p062-sos-summer-of-smokea-mixedmethods-communitybased-study-investigating-the-health-effects-of-a-prolonged-severe-wildfire-season-on-a-subarctic-population/3BD14351618CA8EBAA63804A78B213C4">P062:
SOS: Summer of Smoke--a mixed-methods, community-based study
investigating the health effects of a prolonged, severe wildfire
season on a subarctic population</a></b><br>
Abstract<br>
<blockquote><b>Introduction:</b> Between June 15 and Aug 31st 2014,
Canada's Northwest Territories (pop 44,000: Stats Can), a
subarctic region which is over 2C warmer than it was in the
1950's, experienced an unprecedented number of forest fires, with
385 fires and approximately 3.4 million hectares of forest
affected. This resulted in one of Canada's most severe and
prolonged urban smoke exposures for the capital city of
Yellowknife and surrounding Aboriginal communities. Our objective
was to obtain a big-picture sense of the health impact of the
Summer of Smoke on the population of these communities through a
mixture of quantitative and qualitative analysis. <b>Methods:</b>
We analyzed PM2.5 levels, salbutamol dispensations, clinic and
hospital cardiorespiratory variables, and in-depth video
interviews with community members from Yellowknife, N'Dilo, Dettah
and Kakisa. <b>Results:</b> 49% of days June15-Aug31 in 2014 had
a PM2.5 over 30 mcg/m3, as compared to 3% in 2012 and 9% in 2013
and 2015. Max daily PM 2.5 in 2014 was 320.4 mcg/m3. There was a
22% increase in outpatient salbutamol dispensations in 2014
compared to the average of 2012, 2013 and 2015. More cough,
pneumonia and asthma were seen in clinics compared to 2012-2015
(P<0.001). There was a 42% increase in respiratory ER visits in
2014 compared to 2012-13, but no change in cardiac variables. The
respiratory effect was most pronounced in children 0-4 (114%
increase in ER visits). Qualitative analysis demonstrates themes
of fear, isolation, lack of physical activity, alteration of
traditional summertime activities for both aboriginal and
non-aboriginal subjects, elements of resilience and expectation
for future smoky summers in the context of a changing climate. <b>Conclusion:
</b>Prolonged wildfire seasons have a profound effect on overall
wellbeing. Responses to help minimize mental and physical impacts
such as the creation of clean-air community shelters, recreation
programming, initiatives to support community cohesion, and "go
outside when it is not smoky" messaging require further study.<br>
</blockquote>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-of-emergency-medicine/article/p062-sos-summer-of-smokea-mixedmethods-communitybased-study-investigating-the-health-effects-of-a-prolonged-severe-wildfire-season-on-a-subarctic-population/3BD14351618CA8EBAA63804A78B213C4">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-of-emergency-medicine/article/p062-sos-summer-of-smokea-mixedmethods-communitybased-study-investigating-the-health-effects-of-a-prolonged-severe-wildfire-season-on-a-subarctic-population/3BD14351618CA8EBAA63804A78B213C4</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[thoughtful video about agency - calling for collective human
intelligence]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://climatestate.com/2018/08/22/climate-scientist-we-need-disruptive-change/">CLIMATE
SCIENTIST: We Need Disruptive Change</a></b><br>
Excerpt of a May 4th 2018 discussion, Anthropocene Lecture, in
Berlin, with Bruno Latour (Philosopher) and Hans Joachim
Schellnhuber (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research), watch
the full talk at<span> </span><a
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z-n_44M2nLw" style="padding:
0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(255, 9,
6);">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z-n_44M2nLw</a><br>
Bruno Latour<span> </span><a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Latour" style="padding:
0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(255, 9,
6);">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Latour</a><br
style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">
Hans Joachim Schellnhuber<span> </span><a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Joachim_Schellnhuber"
style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: underline;
color: rgb(255, 9, 6);">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Joachim_Schellnhuber</a><br>
Film and production: Dusan Solomun<br style="padding: 0px; margin:
0px;">
Moderated by Bernd M. Scherer<br>
Further information<span> </span><a
href="https://www.hkw.de/en/programm/projekte/2017/anthropocene_lectures/anthropocene_lectures_start.php"
style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: underline;
color: rgb(255, 9, 6);">https://www.hkw.de/en/programm/projekte/2017/anthropocene_lectures/anthropocene_lectures_start.php</a><br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://climatestate.com/2018/08/22/climate-scientist-we-need-disruptive-change/">http://climatestate.com/2018/08/22/climate-scientist-we-need-disruptive-change/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[Top commentary from the famous Kaitlin Naughten]<br>
@kaitlinnaughten<br>
Scientist at the British Antarctic Survey. "I study climate change
and how it is affecting ice-ocean interactions around Antarctica."<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://climatesight.org/2018/08/22/the-silver-lining-of-fake-news">ClimateSight:
The silver lining of fake news</a></b><br>
<blockquote>What exciting times we live in! The UK is stockpiling<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/shortcuts/2018/jul/12/a-no-deal-brexit-survival-guide-what-food-to-stockpile"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">food</a><span> </span>and<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/jul/01/nhs-preparing-for-disruption-to-supplies-from-no-deal-brexit"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">medicine</a><span> </span>as it charges
willingly into a catastrophe of its own choosing. The next
Australian prime minister is<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/aug/22/peter-dutton-says-he-will-challenge-malcolm-turnbull-again-if-he-can-win"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">likely to be</a><span> </span>a man who
has committed<span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/01/peter-dutton-again-forced-by-court-to-transfer-sick-child-from-nauru-to-australia"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">crimes</a><span> </span>against<span> </span><a
href="https://www.smh.com.au/national/dutton-blames-advocates-after-second-refugee-sets-self-on-fire-in-nauru-20160503-gol6jq.html"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">humanity</a>. And America has descended
so far into dystopia that it can't even be summed up in one pithy
sentence.<br>
I spend a lot of time wondering how future generations will look
back upon this period in history. Will there be memorial museums
on Nauru and at the US-Mexican border, pledging Never Again? Will
the UK's years in the European Union be heralded as a golden age
for the country? And what will the history books say about Donald
Trump?<br>
When I imagine these future historians, giving their seminars and
writing their books and assigning their students essays, there is
one overarching theme I'm sure they will focus on. One puzzling
phenomenon is at the root of so much of the madness we face today.
Our future historian might title such a seminar "Widespread public
rejection of facts in the early 21st century". Or, if you wish to
be so crass, "Fake News". A distrust of experts, and of the very
idea of facts, now permeates almost every part of public life –
from<span> </span><a
href="https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/flat-earthers-are-emerging-from-the-internet-and-theyre-starting-in-edmonton"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">science</a><span> </span>to<span> </span><a
href="https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2016/06/i-want-my-country-back"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">economics</a><span> </span>to<span> </span><a
href="https://medium.com/the-method/8-common-arguments-against-vaccines-5d45ad9c1e29"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">medicine</a><span> </span>to<span> </span><a
href="https://www.factcheck.org/2017/01/the-facts-on-crowd-size/"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">politics</a>.<br>
Climate change used to be the sole target of this. I've been
wrestling with fake news on climate change for more than ten years
now. And I used to get so frustrated, because my friends and
family would read dodgy articles in respectable newspapers written
by fossil fuel executives and<span> </span><em style="border: 0px;
font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: italic;
font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline;">believe</em><span> </span>them. Or at
least, consider them. Reasonable people heard debate on this issue
and assumed there must be some merit to it. "Both sides of the
climate change debate have good points to make," they would
reasonably say.<br>
It's different now. Denialism has spread into so many topics, and
received so much attention, that reasonable people are now well
aware of its existence. "You guys, did you know that there are
people who don't believe in facts?!" is the gist of so many dinner
conversations around the world these days. And the exhausted
climate scientists sit back, twirl their spaghetti around their
fork, and say "Yes, yes we know. So you've finally caught on."<br>
This is the weird silver lining of fake news: reasonable people
now take climate change more seriously. When they read bogus
stories about global cooling and natural cycles and scientific
conspiracies, they just say "Aha! These are the people who don't
believe in facts." It's like the dystopia of 2018 has inoculated
many of us against denialism.<span> </span><a
href="https://www.climatechangecommunication.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Climate-Change-American-Mind-March-2018.pdf"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">More and more people now understand and
accept the science of climate change</a>, even while those who
don't grow louder and more desperate. Climate change deniers still
exist, but it seems that their audience is shrinking.<br>
(Of course, this doesn't mean<span> </span><a
href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/australasia/australia-climate-change-malcolm-turnbull-prime-minister-leadership-a8499366.html"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">we're</a><span> </span><a
href="https://bc.ctvnews.ca/u-s-clears-trans-mountain-pipeline-sale-to-canada-1.4058609"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">actually</a><span> </span><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jun/01/donald-trump-confirms-us-will-quit-paris-climate-deal"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">doing</a><span> </span><a
href="https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/uk-weather-heatwave-deaths-hot-temperature-climate-change-environmental-audit-committee-a8463716.html"
target="_blank" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; font-family:
inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight:
inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;
vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 130, 209);
text-decoration: none;">anything</a><span> </span>about climate
change.)<br>
</blockquote>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://climatesight.org/2018/08/22/the-silver-lining-of-fake-news/#comment-96278">https://climatesight.org/2018/08/22/the-silver-lining-of-fake-news/#comment-96278</a></font><br>
- - - -<br>
[her work:]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0854.1">Future
Projections of Antarctic Ice Shelf Melting Based on CMIP5
Scenarios</a></b><br>
Kaitlin A. Naughtena<br>
Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, and
ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, Sydney, New
South Wales, and Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative
Research Centre, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia<br>
See all authors & affiliations<br>
Abstract<br>
<blockquote>Basal melting of Antarctic ice shelves is expected to
increase during the twenty-first century as the ocean warms, which
will have consequences for ice sheet stability and global sea
level rise. Here we present future projections of Antarctic ice
shelf melting using the Finite Element Sea Ice/Ice-Shelf Ocean
Model (FESOM) forced with atmospheric output from models from
phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5).
CMIP5 models are chosen based on their agreement with historical
atmospheric reanalyses over the Southern Ocean; the
best-performing models are ACCESS 1.0 and the CMIP5 multimodel
mean. Their output is bias-corrected for the representative
concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. During the
twenty-first-century simulations, total ice shelf basal mass loss
increases by between 41% and 129%. Every sector of Antarctica
shows increased basal melting in every scenario, with the largest
increases occurring in the Amundsen Sea. The main mechanism
driving this melting is an increase in warm Circumpolar Deep Water
on the Antarctic continental shelf. A reduction in wintertime sea
ice formation simulated during the twenty-first century stratifies
the water column, allowing a warm bottom layer to develop and
intrude into ice shelf cavities. This effect may be overestimated
in the Amundsen Sea because of a cold bias in the present-day
simulation. Other consequences of weakened sea ice formation
include freshening of High Salinity Shelf Water and warming of
Antarctic Bottom Water. Furthermore, freshening around the
Antarctic coast in our simulations causes the Antarctic
Circumpolar Current to weaken and the Antarctic Coastal Current to
strengthen.<br>
</blockquote>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0854.1">https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0854.1</a><br>
<br>
</font> <br>
[Prevention first]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.opb.org/news/article/wildfire-protect-home-how-to/">How
To Prepare Your Home For Wildfire</a></b><br>
by Joseph Winters OPB/EarthFix <br>
Aug. 15, 2018 <br>
Homes built on the edge of forests and grasslands are especially
vulnerable to wildfires. Development in this zone - known as the
wildland-urban interface - is the fastest-growing land use type in
the lower 48 states.<br>
The U.S. has more than 46 million homes in this wildfire danger zone
and more people moving in right when climate change is making for
longer, hotter and drier wildfire seasons.<br>
Here are a few steps you can take to protect your home from
wildfire.<br>
<blockquote><b>Home Preparation:</b><br>
<b>Roof:</b> Replace with Class A, noncombustible materials.
Prevent debris buildup by avoiding roofs with ridges and valleys,
and use bird stops to seal open edges.<br>
<b>Gutters:</b> Keep free of debris.<br>
<b>Crawlspace and attic:</b> Install 1/8-inch metal mesh screens
to keep embers out.<br>
<b>Windows:</b> Replace single-pane windows with double-paned,
tempered glass windows.<br>
<b>Chimney:</b> Install a spark arrestor with 1/2-inch mesh to
prevent embers from escaping.<br>
<b>Fence:</b> Replace wood with noncombustible materials. Ensure
that any part of a fence touching the home is noncombustible.<br>
</blockquote>
<b>Create A Defensible Space:</b><br>
<b>Zone 1:</b> 0-30 feet from your home. Cover the ground with
noncombustible materials like gravel or concrete. Remove overhanging
branches. Do not store firewood here.<br>
<b>Zone 2:</b> 30-100 feet from your home. Use vegetation "islands"
to break up continuous fuel sources. Limit debris and keep the grass
under 8 inches.<br>
<b>Zone 3: </b>100-200 feet from your home. Maintain a minimum of
10 feet between treetops. Limit debris and remove ladder fuels -
fuels that allow fires to climb vertically into the upper canopy.<br>
In addition, write and memorize an emergency plan for your family.
You may also want to pack an emergency kit with essentials like
water, food and first aid materials. Find a suggested list of items
on Ready.gov.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.opb.org/news/article/wildfire-protect-home-how-to/">https://www.opb.org/news/article/wildfire-protect-home-how-to/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[Climate Liability News]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.climateliabilitynews.org/2018/08/22/climate-regulation-epa-liability/">EPA
Backs Away from Climate Regulation, Opens Door for Legal
Challenges?</a></b><br>
By Ucilia Wang<br>
The Trump administration's watered-down proposal to regulate power
plant emissions will weaken protection of the environment and
climate, but it could strengthen the legal arguments of those
challenging the government and fossil fuel industry in court.<br>
The Environmental Protection Agency proposed the rule on Tuesday to
replace the Clean Power Plan, the Obama administration's regulation
to curb carbon pollution from power plants and compel states to
promote renewable energy to meet emission reduction targets.
Finalized in 2015, the Clean Power Plan was stayed by the Supreme
Court and has never been implemented.<br>
The Trump administration promised a more industry-friendly version
and delivered it on Tuesday. Called the Affordable Clean Energy rule
focuses narrowly on improving a power plant efficiency while easing
pollution control requirements. The rule must go through the
mandated comment period and will face immediate legal challenges....<br>
- - - -<br>
The EPA surprised many by acknowledging that the new rule will
likely sicken and kill Americans: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-08-21/epa-says-more-americans-will-die-under-its-power-plant-rollback">up
to 1,630 premature deaths annually by 2030</a>, along with more
asthma cases and lost school and work days.<br>
"I expect the government would argue in the Juliana case that the
United States is taking action to protect the plaintiffs from
climate change and cite the new rule. The hard part for the
government lawyers is that the new rule is less protective than the
rule that the Obama administration had promulgated," Longest said.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.climateliabilitynews.org/2018/08/22/climate-regulation-epa-liability/">https://www.climateliabilitynews.org/2018/08/22/climate-regulation-epa-liability/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[What the hell Shell?]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.desmogblog.com/2018/08/20/exclusive-company-docs-show-shell-secretly-studied-climate-risks-10-years-warning-investors">Exclusive:
Shell Took 16 Years To Warn Shareholders of Climate Risks,
Despite Knowing in Private All Along</a></b><br>
By Chloe Farand and Sharon Kelly - Monday, August 20, 2018<br>
Share<br>
It took oil company Shell more than 16 years to directly warn its
shareholders that climate policy posed a financial risk to the
company's business model despite knowing - in private and for
decades - about the relationship between its products and climate
change.<br>
<br>
Shell started commissioning confidential work about the impact of
burning fossil fuels on the global climate as early as 1981.
However, analysis by DeSmog UK and DeSmog found that Shell did not
start mentioning the possibility of climate change to shareholders
in annual reports before 1991 - 10 years after the company started a
research stream to study climate change.<br>
<br>
Analysis of Shell's annual reports and financial records at the time
show the company did not give a clear warning to its shareholders
about the financial risks "related to the impact of climate change"
and attached to their investments until 2004.<br>
<br>
DeSmog UK and DeSmog have worked through Shell companies' annual
reports submitted to the UK's Companies House and 10-K's and 20-F
forms filed under the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
throughout the 1990s and early 2000s to compare what the company
knew in private at the end of the 1980s and what it told its
shareholders about the environmental and financial risks attached to
their investment during the following decade....<br>
- - - -<br>
Responding to the findings, a Shell spokesperson told DeSmog:<br>
"Shell has long acknowledged the climate challenge, an issue that
has been part of public discourse for many decades, and our position
on climate change has been publicly documented for more than two
decades through publications such as our annual report and
sustainability report."<br>
"We take seriously our responsibility to report clearly and
transparently on financial risks, which includes complying with U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission regulations." <br>
DeSmog's anlysis shows Shell's financial statements and corporate
documents filed between the early 1990s and 2004 give an insight
into how the company shaped and controlled its own narrative around
global warming and its impact over the decades.<br>
While Shell was comfortable using The Shell Report, sustainability
reports, and its film and video unit to promote its clear
understanding of climate science in the 1990s and early 2000s, it
took the company much longer to overtly tell its shareholders of the
financial risk climate policy and the impacts of global warming
posed to their investments. <br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.desmogblog.com/2018/08/20/exclusive-company-docs-show-shell-secretly-studied-climate-risks-10-years-warning-investors">https://www.desmogblog.com/2018/08/20/exclusive-company-docs-show-shell-secretly-studied-climate-risks-10-years-warning-investors</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[NASA [no audio] visualization of Monsoon weather]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gdPr1FND35g">IMERG
Calculates Monsoon Rainfall Over India</a></b><br>
NASA Video - Published on Aug 21, 2018<br>
Rainfall accumulations from Aug. 13 to 20, 2018 showed two bands of
heavy rain across India. The first band appeared much broader and
extends across the northern part of the peninsula with weekly
rainfall totals ranging from over 120 mm (~5 inches, in yellow)
towards the western half of the peninsula to as much as 350 mm (~14
inches, in dark red) over parts of the eastern half towards the Bay
of Bengal. The second band was more concentrated, intense and
closely aligned with the southwest coast of India and the Western
Ghats. Rainfall totals in this band are generally over 250 mm (~10
inches, in red) with embedded areas exceeding 400 mm (~16 inches, in
purple). The maximum estimated value from IMERG in this band was 469
mm (~18.5 inches). Credit: NASA/JAXA/SSAI/Hal Pierce<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gdPr1FND35g">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gdPr1FND35g</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
[The Atlantic magazine]<br>
<b><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/08/climate-change-global-climate-action-summit/568069/">The
Victims of Climate Change Are Already Here</a></b><br>
With a new global summit approaching, communities in the southern
United States are calling attention to the disaster scenarios they
currently face.<br>
VANN R. NEWKIRK II<br>
In the new global reality, where each passing year is the hottest on
record, the final month of summer foretells calamity. It's always
hot and volatile in the dog days between mid-August and
mid-September, but the past few years have dialed those elements up
high. Heat waves, droughts, storms, floods, and other extreme events
have garnered increasing attention. The largest wildfire in
California's history is now raging almost a year after the previous
record holder hit the state. Hurricanes Harvey and Irma ravaged the
Gulf Coast and Florida in late August last year. Hurricane Maria
became the second-most deadly natural disaster in contemporary
American history when it passed over Puerto Rico last September. And
the 13th anniversary of the Louisiana landfall of Hurricane Katrina,
the largest such storm, is on August 29.<br>
<br>
Climate change is not a future problem. Climate change is a current
problem. Yet the United States-despite this recent history-has
pulled back from a number of already insufficient commitments to
reversing emissions and global warming. Faced with this vacuum,
American nongovernmental organizations and states have stepped
forward with campaigns designed to reinvigorate climate activism and
policy making. But they have a long way to go, especially in
connecting a mainstream climate movement with the majority of the
victims of those disasters...<br>
- - - -<br>
Climate change is not a future problem. Climate change is a current
problem. Yet the United States-despite this recent history-has
pulled back from a number of already insufficient commitments to
reversing emissions and global warming. Faced with this vacuum,
American nongovernmental organizations and states have stepped
forward with campaigns designed to reinvigorate climate activism and
policy making. But they have a long way to go, especially in
connecting a mainstream climate movement with the majority of the
victims of those disasters...<br>
- - - -<br>
Continuing on across desert and mountains and into the rich
hinterland of California, the communities on the tour are
increasingly vocal-perhaps even desperate. For them, the points of
no return aren't 2 degrees away in the future, but could be reached
within the span of a few years. Farmworkers in western Texas face
the dual pressures of hostile immigration enforcement and hotter and
more dangerous working conditions. Small minority-owned farms in New
Mexico seek a new model to compete in a warming state.Throughout the
tour's span, displacement is already widespread, migrant farmworkers
have already found themselves fleeing heat and droughts, and the
space and social boundaries of cities that were already built under
the constraints of Jim Crow are under stress from natural disasters
and heat.<br>
<br>
Events like the Global Climate Action Summit are kicking off a
post-American era of climate leadership, with the understanding that
if humans wait too long to do something meaningful about the Earth's
warming, catastrophe is surely ahead. But even more sure is that
there are plenty of catastrophes brewing in forgotten places today.<br>
<font size="-1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/08/climate-change-global-climate-action-summit/568069/">https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/08/climate-change-global-climate-action-summit/568069/</a></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<font size="+1"><b>This Day in Climate History - August 23, - from
D.R. Tucker</b></font><br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
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