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<p><i><font size="+1"><b>June 16, 2020</b></font></i></p>
[Wildfire season]<br>
<b>Members of Congress call for increased support for wildfire
preparedness</b><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://wildfiretoday.com/2020/06/15/members-of-congress-call-for-increased-support-for-wildfire-preparedness/">https://wildfiretoday.com/2020/06/15/members-of-congress-call-for-increased-support-for-wildfire-preparedness/</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<b>[</b><b>bold below </b>- clipped from the Lancet]<br>
<b>COVID-19, nuclear war, and global warming: lessons for our
vulnerable world</b><br>
JUNE 15, 2020<br>
by James E. Muller and David G. Nathan<br>
The COVID-19 pandemic teaches lessons we must embrace to overcome
two additional existential threats: nuclear war and global warming.
Health professionals need to send a message to those whose lives we
have vowed to protect: all three threats result from forces of
nature made dangerous by triumphs of human intelligence, and all
three can be solved by human intelligence...<br>
- - <br>
The struggles against these threats teach valuable lessons.<br>
<b>First, each threat must be recognised. </b><br>
<br>
<b>Second, political leaders must respect truth and defer to
expertise. </b><br>
<br>
<b>Third, the threats are global and require global cooperation. </b><br>
<br>
<b>Fourth, we all have to focus on our collective survival, and that
includes care for the least privileged.</b><br>
<br>
The world need not be the same after the pandemic. It can be better.
A COVID-19-induced awakening can arrest our drift toward
catastrophe. Health professionals, uniquely aware of the threats,
have an obligation to enhance understanding of the requirements for
survival in the 21st century.<br>
JEM is a co-founder of International Physicians for Prevention of
Nuclear War, the organisation awarded the 1985 Nobel Peace Prize. <br>
DGN is a co-founder of Physicians for Social Responsibility. We
declare no competing interests.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)31379-9/fulltext">https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)31379-9/fulltext</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://peaceandhealthblog.com/2020/06/15/covid-19-lessons/">https://peaceandhealthblog.com/2020/06/15/covid-19-lessons/</a><br>
<br>
<br>
[trumping reality]<br>
<b>A War Against Climate Science, Waged by Washington's Rank and
File</b><br>
Efforts to block research on climate change don't just come from the
Trump political appointees on top. Lower managers in government are
taking their cues, and running with them.<br>
By Lisa Friedman<br>
June 15, 2020<br>
<br>
WASHINGTON -- Efforts to undermine climate change science in the
federal government, once orchestrated largely by President Trump's
political appointees, are now increasingly driven by midlevel
managers trying to protect their jobs and budgets and wary of the
scrutiny of senior officials, according to interviews and newly
revealed reports and surveys.<br>
<br>
A case in point: When John Crusius, a research chemist at the United
States Geological Survey, published an academic paper on natural
solutions to climate change in April, his government affiliation
never appeared on it. It couldn't.<br>
<br>
Publication of his study, after a month's delay, was conditioned by
his employer on Dr. Crusius not associating his research with the
federal government.<br>
<br>
"There is no doubt in my mind that my paper was denied government
approval because it had to do with efforts to mitigate climate
change," Dr. Crusius said, making clear he also was speaking in his
personal capacity because the agency required him to so. "If I were
a seismologist and had written an analogous paper about reducing
seismic risk, I'm sure the paper would have sailed through."<br>
Government experts said they have been surprised at the speed with
which federal workers have internalized President Trump's antagonism
for climate science, and called the new landscape dangerous.<br>
<br>
"If top-level administrators issued a really clear public directive,
there would be an uproar and a pushback, and it would be easier to
combat," said Lauren Kurtz, executive director of the Climate
Science Legal Defense Fund, which supports scientists. "This is a
lot harder to fight."<br>
<br>
An inspector general's report at the Environmental Protection Agency
made public in May found that almost 400 employees surveyed in 2018
believed a manager had interfered with or suppressed the release of
scientific information, but they never reported the violations. A
separate Union of Concerned Scientists survey in 2018 of more than
63,000 federal employees across 16 agencies identified the E.P.A.
and Department of Interior as having the least trustworthy
leadership in matters of scientific integrity.<br>
<br>
Findings published in the peer-reviewed journal PLOS ONE in April on
a subset of those agencies found that 631 workers agreed or strongly
agreed that they had been asked to omit the phrase "climate change"
from their work. In the same paper, 703 employees said they avoided
working on climate change or using the phrase.<br>
<br>
"They're doing it because they're scared," said Maria Caffrey, a
former geography specialist at the National Park Service who battled
managers as they tried to delete humanity's role in climate change
from a recent report on sea-level rise. "These are all people who
went to the March for Science rallies, but then they got into the
office on Monday and completely rolled over." <br>
Dr. Crusius said the research, on the environmental benefits and
risks of storing carbon in trees, soil, ocean and wetlands to delay
climate impacts, was important because climate change is a problem
the government ultimately will need solid science to confront.<br>
<br>
"We need all the help we can get, including from both federal and
academic scientists," he said.<br>
<br>
The U.S.G.S. denied that the paper was not approved because it dealt
with climate change.<br>
<br>
Lawmakers and others who work with scientists said publication of
the research did not diminish the hurdles thrown in the way, which
served to signal that writing about politically disfavored topics
comes at a personal price.<br>
<br>
At least one case predates the Trump administration. Danny
Cullenward, a Stanford Law School lecturer, said the Energy
Department tried in 2015 to distance itself from his research, which
showed the United States could not meet its Paris Agreement goals
with the policies that President Barack Obama was pushing.<br>
<br>
It is now widely acknowledged those policies most likely would not
have cut emissions enough to meet those goals. But at the time, the
Obama administration was working to persuade global leaders that the
president's plans would get the country substantially toward that
goal.<br>
<br>
Dr. Cullenward, then a research fellow working with Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, said a lab adviser initially told him
the research could not be released before the Paris Agreement talks.
After he objected, he was told the study would require further
review.<br>
<br>
"I interpreted that to be, 'We're going to stick this thing in a
black hole,'" Dr. Cullenward said. He resigned his affiliation with
the lab.<br>
<br>
John German, a spokesman for Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
said Dr. Cullenward had been free to publish his work on his own but
that Energy Department research must meet strict peer review
standards that had not yet occurred.<br>
<br>
Dr. Cullenward said his experience did not compare with the scale of
violations in the Trump administration. But, he said, a pro-climate
change president would not automatically make scientists' work
secure.<br>
<br>
"We can't get partisan about what scientific integrity means," he
said.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/15/climate/climate-science-trump.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/15/climate/climate-science-trump.html</a><br>
- - <br>
[for instance]<br>
<b>Report finds NOAA 'sharpiegate' statement 'not based on science'
but political influence</b><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/502814-noaa-sharpiegate-statement-not-based-on-science-but-political">https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/502814-noaa-sharpiegate-statement-not-based-on-science-but-political</a><br>
<br>
[Explaining warming]<br>
<b>A possible explanation for why West Antarctica is warming faster
than East Antarctica</b><br>
by Bob Yirka , Phys.org<br>
JUNE 15, 2020 REPORT<br>
A team of researchers affiliated with several institutions in South
Korea has found a possible reason for West Antarctica warming faster
than East Antarctica. In their paper published in the journal
Science Advances, the group describes their study of surface and air
temperature trends in the region over the past several decades in
which they applied math models to the problem, and what they found.<br>
Scientists have known for some time that Antarctica has been warming
asymmetrically due to global warming, but they have not known why.
To find an explanation for the differences, the researchers began
with the assumption that such differences were likely due to natural
climate variability. To find out if this might be the case, they
carried out a two-part study.<br>
The first part of the study involved studying climate data for the
region over the years 1958 to 2012. Their goal was to see if they
could spot trends. The second part of the study involved applying an
empirical orthogonal function to the weather data to explain
variability over time. In so doing, they found that warming sea
surface temperatures in the Bellingshausen Antarctic and Amundsen
seas appeared to be a driving force behind the asymmetrical warming.
They also found variability in surface air temperatures over the
course of multiple decades, which they attributed to climate
fluctuations in the tropics (such as the El Niño Southern
Oscillation)--they suggest such fluctuations also likely play a role
in differences in the amount of warming in Antarctica.<br>
More specifically, the researchers found that the asymmetric
conditions originated from the harmony of the feedback between the
atmosphere over the ocean versus that over the terrain. And warmer
sea temperatures near the western parts of Antarctica had a positive
feedback with the upper atmospheric conditions found over the
western parts of the region. And finally, they report that the
strength of the feedback in the region was controlled by the
topography and an annual cycle. They conclude their assessment by
suggesting that the climate differences that have been observed in
the region are likely due to natural climate variability factors
responding to global warming.<br>
The researchers also suggest that natural climate factors could also
result in spikes in temperatures over the eastern parts of Antarctic
in the coming years, even as western parts of the region continue to
see rising temperatures. They note that such conditions could lead
to ice sheet collapse, adding to a rise in sea levels.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://phys.org/news/2020-06-explanation-west-antarctica-faster-east.html">https://phys.org/news/2020-06-explanation-west-antarctica-faster-east.html</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
[DownUnder is 8% while up here we're higher at 12%]<br>
<b>The number of climate deniers in Australia is more than double
the global average, new survey finds</b><br>
Australian news consumers are far more likely to believe climate
change is "not at all" serious compared to news users in other
countries. That's according to new research that surveyed 2,131
Australians about their news consumption in relation to climate
change.<br>
<br>
The Digital News Report: Australia 2020 was conducted by the
University of Canberra at the end of the severe bushfire season
during January 17 and February 8, 2020.<br>
It also found the level of climate change concern varies
considerably depending on age, gender, education, place of
residence, political orientation and the type of news consumed.<br>
<br>
Young people are much more concerned than older generations, women
are more concerned than men, and city-dwellers think it's more
serious than news consumers in regional and rural Australia.<br>
More than half (58%) of respondents say they consider climate change
to be a very or extremely serious problem, 21% consider it somewhat
serious, 10% consider it to be not very and 8% not at all serious.<br>
<br>
Out of the 40 countries in the survey, Australia's 8% of "deniers"
is more than double the global average of 3%. We're beaten only by
the US (12%) and Sweden (9%)...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://theconversation.com/the-number-of-climate-deniers-in-australia-is-more-than-double-the-global-average-new-survey-finds-140450">https://theconversation.com/the-number-of-climate-deniers-in-australia-is-more-than-double-the-global-average-new-survey-finds-140450</a><br>
- -<br>
[Read the source report]<br>
<b>Digital News Report: Australia 2020</b><br>
Most Australians will miss local news if it disappears<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.canberra.edu.au/research/faculty-research-centres/nmrc/digital-news-report-australia-2020">https://www.canberra.edu.au/research/faculty-research-centres/nmrc/digital-news-report-australia-2020</a><br>
<br>
<br>
[Extinction means moving along]<br>
<b>Researchers Argue That Earth Is In The Midst Of A Modern,
Human-Made, Sixth Extinction</b><br>
David Bressan Contributor - I deal with the rocky road to our modern
understanding of earth<br>
<br>
An estimated 99% of all species ever living on planet Earth are now
extinct. Extinction is part of life's history, and the extinction of
single species happens all the time. Over time lost species are
eventually replaced as natural selection acts on the survivors,
evolving new species. Mass extinctions in the geological record are
defined by the loss of a large part of biodiversity in a
(geologically speaking) short interval, like a few hundred to
thousands of years.<br>
<br>
Paleontologists recognize five big mass extinction events in the
fossil record. At the end of the Ordovician, some 443 million years
ago, an estimated 86% of all marine species disappeared. At the end
of the Devonian, some 360 million years ago, 75% of all species went
extinct. At the end of the Permian, some 250 million years ago, the
worst extinction event so far happened, with an extinction rate of
96%. At the end of the Triassic, some 201 million years ago, 80% of
all species disappeared from the fossil record. The most famous mass
extinction happened at the end of the Cretaceous, some 65 million
years ago, when 76% of all species went extinct, including the
dinosaurs.<br>
<br>
Scientists are still debating the factors driving mass extinction.
Factors contributing to the disappearance of a species can be
natural disasters, like volcanism, meteorite impacts, or climate
change, but also biological ones, like competition, diseases, or
depletion of resources.<br>
<br>
In the last 400 years, many mammal, bird, amphibian, and reptile
species went extinct. Research comparing recent extinctions with
past extinctions shows that the current extinction rate is higher
than would be expected from the fossil record. Researchers argue
that the Earth is in the midst of a modern, human-made, sixth
extinction.<br>
<br>
A newly published study in the Proceedings of the National Academy
of Science evaluated the extinction risk of 29,374 land-based
vertebrates. The study identified 75 mammal, 335 bird, 41 reptile
and 65 amphibian species on the brink of extinction, with
populations of fewer than a thousand individuals. More than half of
the species on the list have fewer than 250 individuals remaining.
The majority of these critically endangered animals are concentrated
in tropical and subtropical regions, where biodiversity is highest.
Critically endangered species include the Javan rhino (Rhinoceros
sondaicus), one of the rarest mammals in the world, of which fewer
than 100 individuals survive in the wild. Of New Zealand's
flightless, nocturnal, kakapo (Strigops habroptilus), only 200
individuals survive, after the introduction by humans of foreign
predators, like rats, and habitat destruction caused a population
crash. According to a summary report from the United Nations,
amphibians are among the most vulnerable group among vertebrates,
with 40% of the studied species at risk of extinction. Most studies
investigating drivers of extinction risk have focused on
vertebrates. The conservation status of invertebrates is still
poorly studied, and some estimates put 27% of known species are at
risk. Recent surveys have also shown a dramatic decline in insect
populations.<br>
<br>
According to the report, only a quarter of Earth's surface is still
largely untouched by humans, but human activities spread wide and
fast. Even the most remote corners of Earth are no longer pristine,
as plastic debris found on the bottom of the 36,000 feet (11.000
meters) deep Mariana Trench shows.<br>
<br>
On June 14, 2016, the Bramble Cay mosaic-tailed rat (Melomys
rubicola) became the first mammal species to be declared extinct as
a consequence of human-caused climate change. Living only on a
vegetated coral reef located at the northern tip of the Great
Barrier Reef in Australia, now inundated by rising sea-levels,
living individuals have last been seen in 2009.<br>
<br>
Humans contribute to the current extinction crisis by habitat
destruction and fragmentation, poaching, illegal trade,
overharvesting, the introduction of non-native and domesticated
species into the wild, pathogens, pollution, and climate change.
"The ongoing sixth mass extinction may be the most serious
environmental threat to the persistence of civilization, because it
is irreversible," the authors of the most recent study write.<br>
David Bressan - I'm a freelance geologist working mostly in the
Eastern Alps...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidbressan/2020/06/14/researchers-argue-that-earth-is-in-the-midst-of-a-modern-man-made-sixth-extinction/#3c19d10c2f44">https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidbressan/2020/06/14/researchers-argue-that-earth-is-in-the-midst-of-a-modern-man-made-sixth-extinction/#3c19d10c2f44</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
[Biden and DNC]<br>
<b>This DNC council sees Biden's climate plan, and raises him -- by
$14 trillion</b><br>
By Joseph Winters on Jun 9, 2020<br>
Bernie may be out of the primaries, but his $16 trillion climate
plan lives on.<br>
<br>
Last week, a Democratic National Committee (DNC) council proposed
that the federal government spend a whopping $10 to 16 trillion
addressing the climate crisis over the next 10 years. The group --
officially called the DNC Council on the Environment and the Climate
Crisis -- is chaired by Michelle Deatrick, who was a surrogate for
the Sanders campaign during the Democratic primaries.<br>
<br>
To be clear, the group isn't aligned with the DNC's famously
moderate leadership. The climate council was formed last year in
response to widespread frustration from climate activists and
leftists, who tried and failed to get the DNC to host a
climate-specific debate for the 2020 Democratic presidential
candidates. As of February, the council has become a "permanent
entity" of the DNC as a sort of ombudsman, providing advice on
climate issues but not setting the party's official platform. That
happens every four years at the DNC's national convention, which
just so happens to be coming up this August. The climate council
hopes its suite of recommendations will push the DNC to accept more
ambitious policy planks ahead of the general election in November.<br>
- - -<br>
In its 14-page plan, the council details a host of policy
recommendations to expedite the country's transition away from
fossil fuels, including getting to "near-zero" emissions by 2040,
banning fracking, and denying federal permits for new fossil fuel
infrastructure projects. The plan provides a strong environmental
justice framework, including the establishment of an interagency
Just Transition Task Force to support communities affected by
climate change and the energy transition and a target of directing
40 percent of the federal government's climate and environmental
investments to vulnerable communities.<br>
<br>
Deatrick says the DNC's climate platform must be comprehensive
because climate change is comprehensive. "Almost everything needs to
be viewed through the climate and environment lens," she told Grist.
"The climate crisis touches almost everything."<br>
<br>
She also says it's good politics for the DNC -- and for Biden -- to
adopt such a strong climate and environment platform. Democrats
frequently list climate change as one of their top two political
priorities, and in recent years, centrist and Republican voters have
jumped on the climate bandwagon as well. "We want the vice president
to win in November," Deatrick said. "This is an important path
forward to do that."<br>
<br>
Altogether, the proposal more closely resembles Sanders' climate
plan in policies and scope than Biden's, which only calls for a
piddling $1.7 trillion in climate spending over the next decade.<br>
<br>
Biden's proposal has fallen flat with some progressive voters and
environmental groups, many of whom supported Sanders during the
primary and who have so far refused to throw their weight behind the
Biden campaign without significant policy concessions. "We've tried
to be super clear about the way that we need them to improve on not
only their climate policy but their immigration, criminal justice,
and financial regulation policies," Sunrise Movement co-founder and
executive director Varshini Prakash told Vice News in April.<br>
<br>
But Deatrick is hopeful that Biden will catch up to activists'
demands. The climate council has been working closely with the Biden
campaign, which she says has been receptive to the council's
recommendations. In April, Biden signaled he was preparing to update
his climate platform: "I have asked my campaign to commence a
process to meaningfully engage with more voices from the climate
movement," he said while accepting an endorsement from the League of
Conservation Voters Action Fund.<br>
<br>
The climate council has also been consulting with the Bernie-Biden
"unity" task force on climate change, one of six eight-person task
forces that the two campaigns formed after Sanders announced he was
suspending his bid for the Democratic nomination. While some diehard
Sanders supporters have been skeptical of the task forces, others
have latched onto the opportunity to push Biden to the left.
Sunrise's Prakash sits on Bernie's side of the climate task force,
along with Green New Deal co-sponsor Representative Alexandria
Ocasio-Cortez and Catherine Flowers, founder of the Center for Rural
Enterprise and Environmental Justice.<br>
<br>
It remains to be seen whether the Biden campaign or the DNC will
take the task force's recommendations --or those of the climate
council -- to heart. Deatrick says the DNC's platform creation
process has so far been opaque, and she doesn't know when the
party's draft platform will be written. She hopes that, by releasing
the council's recommendations now, it will drum up public support
for an aggressive climate platform come August, when the Democratic
Party's national convention will be held in Milwaukee.<br>
<br>
But Biden could also choose to include the group's proposals in his
next climate plan without waiting for DNC guidance. In the early
20th century, party platforms provided key talking points for the
party's nominee, but ever since presidential candidates began
publicly campaigning -- often for many months before the party
convention --party platforms have become less important. Now,
candidates mostly set their own agendas, meaning that, if he chose
to adopt the climate council's ambitious proposals, Biden could
become a beacon for the progressive climate movement, all on his
own.<br>
<br>
For Deatrick, making the Democratic nominee's official climate
platform look more like Sanders' is urgent. "We need to address
climate now," she told Grist. "The clock is ticking."<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://grist.org/politics/this-dnc-council-sees-bidens-climate-plan-and-raises-him-by-14-trillion/">https://grist.org/politics/this-dnc-council-sees-bidens-climate-plan-and-raises-him-by-14-trillion/</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
[Humor - Onion sarcasm]<br>
<b>ExxonMobil Simplifies Oil Extraction By Cutting Earth In Half</b><br>
<br>
IRVING, TX--Emphasizing that the new process would revolutionize the
fossil fuel industry forever, ExxonMobil announced Friday that they
had developed a simpler process of extracting oil that involved
cutting the Earth in half. "According to our research, there is no
faster, easier, and more painless way to find deep, previously
undiscovered oil pockets than to chop the planet clean in half and
take a look at the cross section," said spokesperson Christina Hill,
adding that the process involved slicing the Earth along the prime
meridian and then extracting the reserves to a giant oil rig. "While
we understand that this will create a 90-degree drop-off point
between the eastern and western hemispheres, as well as unleash the
Earth's molten core, this is still a much safer alternative to
fracking. Also, after the Earth has been cut in half, we at
ExxonMobil fully intend to stick it back together." At press time,
ExxonMobil was under fire for reportedly spilling all 2.1 trillion
gallons of untapped oil into outer space.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.theonion.com/exxonmobil-simplifies-oil-extraction-by-cutting-earth-i-1844037046">https://www.theonion.com/exxonmobil-simplifies-oil-extraction-by-cutting-earth-i-1844037046</a><br>
<br>
<br>
[Digging back into the internet news archive]<br>
<font size="+1"><b>On this day in the history of global warming -
June 16, 2008 </b></font><br>
Former Vice President Al Gore endorses Illinois Senator Barack Obama
for president.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lmeJaKZwHI&sns=em">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lmeJaKZwHI&sns=em</a> <br>
<br>
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