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<i><font size="+1"><b>June 21, 2020</b></font></i><br>
<br>
['ever' says CBS]<br>
<b>Arctic records its hottest temperature ever</b><br>
Alarming heat scorched Siberia on Saturday as the small town of
Verkhoyansk (67.5N latitude) reached 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit, 32
degrees above the normal high temperature. If verified, this is
likely the hottest temperature ever recorded in Siberia and also the
hottest temperature ever recorded north of the Arctic Circle, which
begins at 66.5N.<br>
<br>
The town is 3,000 miles east of Moscow and further north than even
Fairbanks, Alaska. On Friday, the city of Caribou, Maine, tied an
all-time record at 96 degrees Fahrenheit and was once again well
into the 90s on Saturday. To put this into perspective, the city of
Miami, Florida, has only reached 100 degrees one time since the city
began keeping temperature records in 1896...<br>
- - <br>
This heat is not an isolated occurrence. Parts of Siberia have been
sizzling for weeks and running remarkably above normal since
January. May featured astonishing warmth in western Siberia, where
some locales were 18 degrees Fahrenheit above normal, not just for a
day, but for the month. As a whole, western Siberia averaged 10
degrees above normal for May, obliterating anything previously
experienced.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/arctic-records-its-hottest-temperature-ever-2020-06-20/">https://www.cbsnews.com/news/arctic-records-its-hottest-temperature-ever-2020-06-20/</a>
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[Morality]<br>
<b>From Policing to Climate Change, a Sweeping Call for a 'Moral
Revolution'</b><br>
A coalition modeled after the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s Poor
People's Campaign released an ambitious agenda to help the working
poor fight systemic racism and inequality...<br>
- -<br>
There are familiar proposals to address things like climate change
through a reduction of the use of fossil fuels, but also more
sweeping demands like funding rental assistance programs and the
creation of affordable housing by leveling financial penalties
against Wall Street institutions that profited from the housing
crisis.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/20/us/poor-peoples-campaign-platform.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/20/us/poor-peoples-campaign-platform.html</a><br>
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[stress today and tomorrow]<br>
<b>The Health Emergency of Climate Change</b><br>
As the global impact of climate change accelerates, there is
increasing awareness that human health is severely threatened. Just
what are these threats to health and what can we do about them?<br>
<br>
In this series devoted to Climate Medicine, UCSF faculty and
associates explore these questions and highlight the impact of
global warming on major health conditions, and describe how actions
that mitigate global warming also create opportunities to improve
the health of all people.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.uctv.tv/minimed-climate-health/">https://www.uctv.tv/minimed-climate-health/</a><br>
- - -<br>
[YouTube video]<br>
<b>Climate Psychiatry: The Diverse Challenges of Climate to Mental
Health</b><br>
University of California Television (UCTV)<br>
Climate instability is one of the most urgent public health threats
of the 21st Century. Mental health is profoundly impacted by the
disruptions associated with climate change. Drs. Robin Cooper and
Alex Trope, Department of Psychiatry at UCSF, explore the harm and
the affects on mental heath. Recorded on 06/02/2020. [7/2020] [Show
ID: 35925]<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zpKgje9JHk">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zpKgje9JHk</a><br>
<br>
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[Thursday, June 25th 5:00-6:00 PM PST]<br>
<b>Washington State Clean Energy for Biden Fundraiser</b><br>
You are invited to join us in helping elect Joe Biden for President<br>
Featuring a "fireside chat" with Maggie Thomas, a former climate
advisor to the<br>
presidential campaigns of Governor Jay Inslee and Senator Elizabeth
Warren.<br>
Gregg Small, Executive Director of Climate Solutions is the
moderator.<br>
Virtual platform with opportunity for participant questions<br>
To register for the event, go to
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.givegreen.com/BBIDENEVT2006V">https://www.givegreen.com/BBIDENEVT2006V</a><br>
<br>
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<br>
[Carbon sink or carbon source?]<br>
<b>Climate-driven risks to the climate mitigation potential of
forests</b><br>
Risks to mitigation potential of forests<br>
Much recent attention has focused on the potential of trees and
forests to mitigate ongoing climate change by acting as sinks for
carbon. Anderegg et al. review the growing evidence that forests'
climate mitigation potential is increasingly at risk from a range of
adversities that limit forest growth and health. These include
physical factors such as drought and fire and biotic factors,
including the depredations of insect herbivores and fungal
pathogens. Full assessment and quantification of these risks, which
themselves are influenced by climate, is key to achieving
science-based policy outcomes for effective land and forest
management.<br>
<br>
Structured Abstract<br>
<b>BACKGROUND</b><br>
Forests have considerable potential to help mitigate human-caused
climate change and provide society with a broad range of cobenefits.
Local, national, and international efforts have developed policies
and economic incentives to protect and enhance forest carbon
sinks--ranging from the Bonn Challenge to restore deforested areas
to the development of forest carbon offset projects around the
world. However, these policies do not always account for important
ecological and climate-related risks and limits to forest stability
(i.e., permanence). Widespread climate-induced forest die-off has
been observed in forests globally and creates a dangerous carbon
cycle feedback, both by releasing large amounts of carbon stored in
forest ecosystems to the atmosphere and by reducing the size of the
future forest carbon sink. Climate-driven risks may fundamentally
compromise forest carbon stocks and sinks in the 21st century.
Understanding and quantifying climate-driven risks to forest
stability are crucial components needed to forecast the integrity of
forest carbon sinks and the extent to which they can contribute
toward the Paris Agreement goal to limit warming well below 2C.
Thus, rigorous scientific assessment of the risks and limitations to
widespread deployment of forests as natural climate solutions is
urgently needed.<br>
<b><br>
</b><b>ADVANCES</b><br>
Many forest-based natural climate solutions do not yet rely on the
best available scientific information and ecological tools to assess
the risks to forest stability from climate-driven forest dieback
caused by fire, drought, biotic agents, and other disturbances.
Crucially, many of these permanence risks are projected to increase
in the 21st century because of climate change, and thus estimates
based on historical data will underestimate the true risks that
forests face. Forest climate policy needs to fully account for the
permanence risks because they could fundamentally undermine the
effectiveness of forest-based climate solutions...<br>
- -<br>
<b>Abstract</b><br>
Forests have considerable potential to help mitigate human-caused
climate change and provide society with many cobenefits. However,
climate-driven risks may fundamentally compromise forest carbon
sinks in the 21st century. Here, we synthesize the current
understanding of climate-driven risks to forest stability from fire,
drought, biotic agents, and other disturbances. We review how
efforts to use forests as natural climate solutions presently
consider and could more fully embrace current scientific knowledge
to account for these climate-driven risks. Recent advances in
vegetation physiology, disturbance ecology, mechanistic vegetation
modeling, large-scale ecological observation networks, and remote
sensing are improving current estimates and forecasts of the risks
to forest stability. A more holistic understanding and
quantification of such risks will help policy-makers and other
stakeholders effectively use forests as natural climate solutions.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6497/eaaz7005">https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6497/eaaz7005</a><br>
<p> - - -</p>
[Source to Sink]<br>
<b>Tropical forests may flip into carbon sources sooner than feared,
study finds</b><br>
An expansive study traced the growth of 300,000 trees over three
decades in Africa and the Amazon and compared how forests on the two
continents were faring.<br>
The researchers estimate that intact tropical forests absorbed 46
billion tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in the 1990s, but
this figure plummeted to 25 billion tons in the 2010s.<br>
If these tropical forests turn into net carbon sources, it will
accelerate climate change, which in turn will be detrimental to the
health of these forests, kicking off a downward spiral.<br>
The study also found that forests in the Amazon are weakening as a
carbon sink faster than those in Africa.<br>
Traditionally undisturbed tropical forests in Africa and the Amazon
are losing their ability to stash away carbon -- and it's happening
much faster than scientists anticipated, according to a new study in
Nature.<br>
<br>
"Intact tropical forests remain a vital carbon sink, but this
research reveals that unless policies are put in place to stabilize
Earth's climate, it is only a matter of time until they are no
longer able to sequester carbon," study co-author Simon Lewis, from
the School of Geography at University of Leeds, U.K., said in a
statement.<br>
<br>
The wide-ranging study traced the growth of 300,000 trees over the
course of three decades in 565 forests in Africa and the Amazon, and
compared how forests on the two continents were faring.<br>
<br>
In 2019, fires in the Amazon raised alarm bells and brought
attention to the critical role forests play in maintaining the
carbon budget by removing CO2 from the atmosphere and converting it
into biomass that remains locked in standing trees. Intact tropical
rainforests are even more critical in safeguarding against runaway
climate change than other types of forest...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://news.mongabay.com/2020/03/tropical-forests-may-flip-into-carbon-sources-sooner-than-feared-study-finds/">https://news.mongabay.com/2020/03/tropical-forests-may-flip-into-carbon-sources-sooner-than-feared-study-finds/</a><br>
<p>- - -<br>
</p>
[future risk - even now tropical forests are carbon source ]<br>
<b>Tropical forests are now carbon source, not carbon sinks</b><br>
Tropical forests are now carbon source, not carbon sinks. The
world's tropical forests are no longer carbon sinks because of human
activity, and these forests now emit more carbon than these are able
to absorb from the atmosphere as a result of the dual effects of
deforestation and land degradation, finds a new study.Mar 5, 2020<br>
The world's tropical forests are no longer carbon sinks because of
human activity, and these forests now emit more carbon than these
are able to absorb from the atmosphere as a result of the dual
effects of deforestation and land degradation, finds a new study.<br>
<br>
The study tracking 300,000 trees over a period of 30 years finds:
The ability of the world's tropical forests to remove carbon from
the atmosphere is decreasing.<br>
<br>
The research report – "Asynchronous carbon sink saturation in
African and Amazonian tropical forests" – published in research
journal Nature on March 4, 2020, (Hubau, W., Lewis, S.L., Phillips,
O.L. et al. Asynchronous carbon sink saturation in African and
Amazonian tropical forests. Nature 579, 80–87, 2020,
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2035-0">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2035-0</a>) challenges the
decades-long consensus that tropical forests are a moderate carbon
sinks by storing more carbon than they emit due to natural processes
and human activity.<br>
<br>
The international scientific collaboration, led by the University of
Leeds, reveals that a feared switch of the world's undisturbed
tropical forests from a carbon sink to a carbon source has begun.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://countercurrents.org/2020/03/tropical-forests-are-now-carbon-source-not-carbon-sinks/">https://countercurrents.org/2020/03/tropical-forests-are-now-carbon-source-not-carbon-sinks/</a><br>
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<p>[graphs from Climate Mind ]<br>
<b>Climate Mind consists of a web application and a knowledge
base.</b><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://climatemind.org/">https://climatemind.org/</a><br>
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[Digging back into the internet news archive]<br>
<font size="+1"><b>On this day in the history of global warming -
June 21, 2011 </b></font><br>
NPR reported:<br>
"The American public is less likely to believe in global warming
than it was just five years ago. Yet, paradoxically, scientists are
more confident than ever that climate change is real and caused
largely by human activities.<br>
<br>
"Something a bit strange is happening with public opinion and
climate change.<br>
<br>
"Anthony Leiserowitz, who directs the Yale University Project on
Climate Change Communication, delved into this in a recent poll. He
not only asked citizens what they thought of climate change, he also
asked them to estimate how climate scientists feel about global
warming.<br>
<br>
"'Only 13 percent of Americans got the correct answer, which is that
in fact about 97 percent of American scientists say that climate
change is happening, and about a third of Americans just simply say
they don't know,' he said.<br>
<br>
"Most Americans are unaware that the National Academy of Sciences,
known for its cautious and even-handed reviews of the state of
science, is firmly on board with climate change. It has been for
years."<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.npr.org/2011/06/21/137309964/climate-change-public-skeptical-scientists-sure">http://www.npr.org/2011/06/21/137309964/climate-change-public-skeptical-scientists-sure</a><br>
<br>
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