<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<p><i><font size="+1"><b>October 17, 2020</b></font></i></p>
[answer is yes]<br>
<b>Are climate scientists being too cautious when linking extreme
weather to climate change?</b><br>
Hannah Hickey<br>
UW News<br>
<br>
The public expects to receive advanced warning of hazardous weather,
such as tornadoes and winter storms. This photo shows a tornado in
Prospect Valley, Colorado, on June 19, 2018.Eric Meola -
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/uw-s3-cdn/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2020/10/14142003/TornadoImage_EricMeola.jpg">https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/uw-s3-cdn/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2020/10/14142003/TornadoImage_EricMeola.jpg</a><br>
<br>
In this year of extreme weather events -- from devastating West
Coast wildfires to tropical Atlantic storms that have exhausted the
alphabet -- scientists and members of the public are asking when
these extreme events can be scientifically linked to climate change.<br>
<br>
Dale Durran, a professor of atmospheric sciences at the University
of Washington, argues that climate science need to approach this
question in a way similar to how weather forecasters issue warnings
for hazardous weather.<br>
<br>
In a new paper, published in the October issue of the Bulletin of
the American Meteorological Society, he draws on the weather
forecasting community's experience in predicting extreme weather
events such as tornadoes, flash floods, high winds and winter
storms. If forecasters send out a mistaken alert too often, people
will start to ignore them. If they don't alert for severe events,
people will get hurt. How can the atmospheric sciences community
find the right balance?<br>
<br>
Most current approaches to attributing extreme weather events to
global warming, he says, such as the conditions leading to the
ongoing Western wildfires, focus on the likelihood of raising a
false alarm. Scientists do this by using statistics to estimate the
increase in the probability of that event that is attributable to
climate change. Those statistical measures are closely related to
the "false alarm ratio," an important metric used to assess the
quality of hazardous weather warnings.<br>
<br>
But there is a second key metric used to assess the performance of
weather forecasters, he argues: The probably that the forecast will
correctly warn of events that actually occur, known as the
"probability of detection." The ideal probability of detection score
is 100%, while the ideal false-alarm rate would be zero.<br>
<br>
Probability of detection has mostly been ignored when it comes to
linking extreme events to climate change, he says. Yet both weather
forecasting and climate change attribution face a tradeoff between
the two. In both weather forecasting and climate-change attribution,
calculations in the paper show that raising the thresholds to reduce
false alarms produces a much greater drop in the probability of
detection.<br>
<br>
Drawing on a hypothetical example of a tornado forecaster whose
false alarm ratio is zero, but is accompanied by a low probability
of detection, he writes that such an "overly cautious tornado
forecasting strategy might be argued by some to be smart politics in
the context of attributing extreme events to global warming, but it
is inconsistent with the way meteorologists warn for a wide range of
hazardous weather, and arguably with the way society expects to be
warned about threats to property and human life."<br>
<br>
Why does this matter? The paper concludes by noting: "If a
forecaster fails to warn for a tornado there may be serious
consequences and loss of life, but missing the forecast does not
make next year's tornadoes more severe. On the other hand, every
failure to alert the public about those extreme events actually
influenced by global warming facilitates the illusion that mankind
has time to delay the actions required to address the source of that
warming. Because the residence time of CO2 in the atmosphere is many
hundreds to thousands of years the cumulative consequences of such
errors can have a very long lifetime."<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.washington.edu/news/2020/10/15/are-climate-scientists-being-too-cautious-when-linking-extreme-weather-to-climate-change/">https://www.washington.edu/news/2020/10/15/are-climate-scientists-being-too-cautious-when-linking-extreme-weather-to-climate-change/</a><br>
- - <br>
[Source matter]<br>
<b>Can the Issuance of Hazardous-Weather Warnings Inform the
Attribution of Extreme Events to Climate Change? </b><br>
Dale R. Durran<br>
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. (2020) 101 (8): E1452-E1463.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0026.1">https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0026.1</a><br>
<b>Abstract</b><br>
<blockquote>
<p>When extreme weather occurs, the question often arises whether
the event was produced by climate change. Two types of errors
are possible when attempting to answer this question. One type
of error is underestimating the role of climate change, thereby
failing to properly alert the public and appropriately stimulate
efforts at adaptation and mitigation. The second type of error
is overestimating the role of climate change, thereby elevating
climate anxiety and potentially derailing important public
discussions with false alarms. Long before societal concerns
about global warming became widespread, meteorologists were
addressing essentially the same trade-off when faced with a
binary decision of whether to issue a warning for hazardous
weather. Here we review forecast-verification statistics such as
the probability of detection (POD) and the false alarm ratio
(FAR) for hazardous-weather warnings and examine their potential
application to extreme-event attribution in connection with
climate change. Empirical and theoretical evidence suggests that
adjusting tornado-warning thresholds in an attempt to reduce FAR
produces even larger reductions in POD. Similar tradeoffs
between improving FAR and degrading POD are shown to apply using
a rubric for the attribution of extreme high temperatures to
climate change. Although there are obviously significant
differences between the issuance of hazardous-weather warnings
and the attribution of extreme events to global warming, the
experiences of the weather forecasting community can provide
qualitative guidance for those attempting to set practical
thresholds for extreme-event attribution in a changing climate.</p>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/view-large/figure/12890097/bamsD200026-f2.tif">https://journals.ametsoc.org/view-large/figure/12890097/bamsD200026-f2.tif</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/view-large/figure/12890100/bamsD200026-f3.tif">https://journals.ametsoc.org/view-large/figure/12890100/bamsD200026-f3.tif</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/view-large/figure/12890103/bamsD200026-f4.tif">https://journals.ametsoc.org/view-large/figure/12890103/bamsD200026-f4.tif</a><br>
- -<br>
There is one important additional factor to consider when comparing
decision making in tornado forecasting to that in attributing
extreme events to global warming. If a forecaster fails to warn for
a tornado there may be serious consequences and loss of life, but
missing the forecast does not make next year's tornadoes more
severe. On the other hand, every failure to alert the public about
those extreme events actually influenced by global warming
facilitates the illusion that mankind has time to delay the actions
required to address the source of that warming. Because the
residence time of CO2 in the atmosphere is many hundreds to
thousands of years (National Research Council 2011, p. 75), the
cumulative consequences of such type II errors can have a very long
lifetime...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/bams/article/101/8/E1452/345616/Can-the-Issuance-of-Hazardous-Weather-Warnings">https://journals.ametsoc.org/bams/article/101/8/E1452/345616/Can-the-Issuance-of-Hazardous-Weather-Warnings</a>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>[5 great ideas from Quartz]<br>
<b>Five things individuals can do to fight climate change</b><br>
By Tim McDonnell - Climate reporter<br>
October 14, 2020<br>
Can individual actions solve a global problem?<br>
<br>
The pandemic has offered the world a test of that question. On one
hand, the choice to wear a mask and stay socially distant can have
huge repercussions in spreading or containing the virus. At the
same time, it's clear that some problems--PPE shortages, the pace
of vaccine development, understaffed hospitals--are beyond the
ability of any one person to fix.<br>
<br>
Climate change faces a similar dilemma. In a recent Yale poll,
two-thirds of Americans said they felt a personal responsibility
to reduce global warming. Yet while there are things everyday
people can do to reduce their carbon emissions, it's clear that
"solving" climate change will require an unprecedented overhaul of
the global energy system. And social systems will need to adapt to
the climate impacts that are already locked in, including sweeping
reforms of urban design, housing, and healthcare.<br>
<br>
In fact, the pandemic offered perhaps the best proof of this yet.
Although global carbon dioxide emissions fell dramatically during
the peak of lockdown--essentially a simulation of what the world
would be like if everyone did their personal best to cut their
carbon footprint--it was far from enough. Greenhouse gases are
already surging back to pre-pandemic levels, and the dip did
nothing to bolster climate adaptation.<br>
<br>
Still, I wouldn't last long as a climate journalist if I felt
totally powerless. There are still things ordinary people can do
to fight climate change--but reducing your greenhouse gas
emissions is only the first step.<br>
<br>
<b>Reduce your fossil fuel diet</b><br>
In the US, the average person's annual carbon emissions footprint
is 16 tons, about four times that of a typical car, and also about
four times higher than the global average. To stave off
catastrophic global warming, the global average per person needs
to come closer to two tons. So whether or not it can add up enough
to stop climate change, it can't hurt to find ways to reduce your
consumption of fossil fuels.<br>
<br>
You can eat less meat, waste less food and water overall, and
drive less. If you have to fly, try to avoid flights with
connections; the bulk of airline emissions happen during takeoff
and landing, so two flights have a much bigger impact than one of
the same distance. Those are the biggies.<br>
<br>
When it comes to day-to-day consumption, the choices get more
nuanced. Recycling is fine, but the reality is that only 5% to 10%
of recycled plastic actually gets recycled, so it's best to use as
little plastic--which the oil industry sees as perhaps its only
remaining opportunity for growth--as you can. Buy paper products
from companies that have committed to limiting deforestation. Know
how to call BS on corporate climate pledges and only buy from
companies that take the issue seriously.<br>
<br>
You can decarbonize your assets, too. If you can afford it,
consider buying an electric vehicle or installing solar panels on
your home, business, or land. Weatherize your house to make it
more energy efficient. And check your retirement plan, mutual
fund, or other personal investments to see if you may unknowingly
have a financial stake in carbon-polluting companies. If so,
consider divesting from them--and putting the money instead in
clean energy stocks, which have outperformed their fossil peers
through the pandemic.<br>
<br>
<b>Lead by example</b><br>
Ultimately, there's a reason to do these things that may be even
more important than the sum of their individual carbon footprints,
per se: It will likely encourage your friends and family to follow
suit.<br>
<br>
Social scientists have long understood that peer pressure is a
powerful tool, and it works the same on climate action.
Researchers in California have found that the presence of solar
panels on a house dramatically increases the likelihood that more
houses in the neighborhood will install them as well, especially
if the panels are visible from the street.<br>
<br>
Yet, according to the Yale poll, fewer than half of Americans feel
any kind of social pressure from their peers on climate. Modeling
climate-savvy behavior is one way to reverse that.<br>
<br>
Another is to have the right kinds of conversations. Threatening
your recalcitrant uncle with visions of climate apocalypse doesn't
work. Instead, communication experts recommend that you connect
climate to an issue your interlocutor already cares about, whether
that's jobs, religion, a personal experience of loss, or something
else. It helps to use humor.<br>
<br>
<b>Form a daily reading habit</b><br>
One reliable way to gain a greater feeling of control over the
climate crisis is to learn more about it.<br>
<br>
The last few years have seen an explosion of climate podcasts and
newsletters. Being bombarded with climate news might seem
depressing, but as someone who does it for a living, I can say
that although the doomsday stories are certainly there, they are
increasingly outnumbered by stories about meaningful climate
action by individuals, companies, and some governments. Hearing
those stories is a way to feel less defeated and more motivated to
take action.<br>
<br>
Start with "What We Know About Climate Change" by MIT scientist
Kerry Emanuel, the best short, super-simple guide to climate
science. Then check out "All We Can Save," a new collection of
essays about climate by the world's smartest female journalists,
activists, and researchers that manages to articulate reasons for
hope without pulling any punches.<br>
<br>
Then you can build solutions-oriented climate reading into your
habits. In addition to following Quartz's Climate Economy
obsession, you can get a daily dose of inspiration from The Daily
Climate, Bloomberg, HEATED, Climate Fwd, Boiling Point, or Carbon
Brief, and give a listen to How to Save a Planet or Hot Take.<br>
<br>
<b>Get involved in politics, especially locally</b><br>
Is there much an individual person can do to shut down the world's
coal-fired power plants? Unless you're Michael Bloomberg, probably
not. But there are plenty of local issues that are essential for
climate adaptation where individual voices or small-scale
community organizing can make a big difference.<br>
<br>
Local zoning rules can make it harder to build homes back after
disasters, or they can permit development in risky areas. As some
climate-risky areas become unlivable, better protected cities and
neighborhoods will need to increase the availability of affordable
housing and social services; is your city preparing for this
future? Is your school district using textbooks that downplay
climate science, or not providing air conditioning in schools with
a high portion of minority students?<br>
<br>
State and national politics are obviously critical as well, since
the energy system won't change fast enough to prevent catastrophic
climate change without new policies to support renewable energy
and crack down on carbon emissions, and adaptation won't be
possible without massive investment in infrastructure, better
weather satellites and flood projection maps, support for disaster
insurance and affordable housing, and other interventions.<br>
<br>
In other words, perhaps the single most important contribution you
can make to alter the trajectory of climate change is to vote.
Research the climate and energy views of candidates at every level
and support those with the most ambitious policies. Then use
whatever means of activism you're most comfortable with--join a
march, write a letter, donate money to activist groups--to agitate
for even greater ambition.<br>
<br>
<b>Practice compassion, listen, and check your privilege</b><br>
Climate change is ultimately a story about inequality. People of
color are disproportionately affected by climate impacts, more
vulnerable to air pollution from legacy fossil fuel
infrastructure, and discriminated against in disaster aid.
Particularly in the global south, the impacts of disasters and
failing agricultural systems fall hardest on women. The energy
transition will disadvantage many low- and middle-income workers
who have dedicated their careers to the fossil economy and
shouldn't be left behind.<br>
<br>
It's essential to recognize that climate change is at the heart of
many of the key social issues of our time--including Black Lives
Matter, Me Too, and xenophobia and nationalism. No number of solar
panels or avoided hamburgers can negate the need to treat everyone
with dignity and respect.<br>
<br>
Learning to live on a planet that is already irreparably altered
by climate change will require everyone to get better at listening
to people with different viewpoints and life experiences, and
practice compassion toward them. It will likely require us to
re-evaluate how capitalism should work, and to reckon with the
deep-seated aversion many people feel toward big, expensive
government interventions.<br>
<br>
You may need to be open to bold new ideas, like climate
reparations. You may want to donate to climate research and
humanitarian groups. Ultimately, you will need to get comfortable
with the idea that "fixing" the global climate probably isn't
possible, in the sense of returning to some gilded pre-carbon
paradise. Instead, we have to help each other live on the planet
we've created--and that's something everyone has the power to
choose, every day.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://qz.com/1915134/five-things-individuals-can-do-to-fight-climate-change/">https://qz.com/1915134/five-things-individuals-can-do-to-fight-climate-change/</a><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[WAPO]<br>
<b>The number of global methane hot spots has soared this year
despite the economic slowdown</b><br>
European Union announces plans to clamp down on releases of the
greenhouse gas.<br>
- - <br>
Comparing the first eight months of 2019 to the same period in 2020,
the Paris-based firm Kayrros said methane leaks from oil and gas
industry hot spots climbed even higher in Algeria, Russia and
Turkmenistan, growing by more than 40 percent. The largest
contributors to rising methane releases were the United States,
Russia, Algeria, Turkmenistan, Iran and Iraq, Kayrros said.<br>
<br>
Methane, the main ingredient of natural gas, is a greenhouse gas
more than 80 times as potent as carbon dioxide over a 20-year
period.<br>
- -<br>
"It is clearly time to reduce these emissions," Rostand said
Wednesday. "They are easy to fix. We have the technology to fix
them." Otherwise, he said, "gas that leaks methane is as bad as
coal."<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2020/10/14/number-global-methane-hot-spots-has-soared-this-year-despite-economic-slowdown/">https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2020/10/14/number-global-methane-hot-spots-has-soared-this-year-despite-economic-slowdown/</a>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[Excellent video on Geo-Engineering]<br>
<b>Fine-tuning the climate | DW Documentary</b><br>
Oct 14, 2020<br>
DW Documentary<br>
Engineers and scientists are trying to intervene in the Earth's
geochemical cycles. Because it appears efforts to cut CO2 won't
suffice to avoid irreversible climate change. But does
geoengineering offer a real solution? Or is it just human hubris?<br>
<br>
Some scientists believe that we need to explore radical, and perhaps
dangerous, technologies in order to be able to lower the earth's
temperature through geoengineering in the near future. <br>
Science journalist Ingolf Baur explores the feasibility and risks of
leading geoengineering projects. His journey takes him to meet
scientists in Switzerland, Iceland, the US and Peru. Along the way,
he encounters two very different strategies: One is to fish
climate-damaging CO2 from the atmosphere and sink it underground or
in the deep sea. The other, and this is the far more controversial
strategy, seeks to develop techniques that dim sunlight.<br>
<br>
Global warming is causing entire mountain ridges like the Moosfluh
above Switzerland's Aletsch Glacier to break off. Such dramatic
changes could increase the pressure to try geoengineering. <br>
Its most prominent proponent is David Keith from Harvard University
in the US. He's devised experiments to to sound out the
possibilities of "solar geoengineering." His idea is for fleets of
aircraft to dump millions of tons of sulfur into the stratosphere
every year, where it should reflect part of the incoming sunlight
back into space. As audacious as this method seems, it's actually no
different to what happens during volcanic eruptions. <br>
<br>
Or could we still manage to get greenhouse gases out of the
atmosphere again? In Iceland, a group of researchers is using a
special process to filter carbon dioxide from the air and pump it
2,000 meters deep into basalt rock. The surprise: after a few
months, the CO2 is already reacting chemically and turning to stone,
which renders it harmless - permanently. The quantities are still
far too small, but it shows that as controversial and risky as some
geoengineering methods may be, in the end we may need technology to
avert or at least mitigate the effects of climate collapse.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://youtu.be/b1Enrzgrl1w">https://youtu.be/b1Enrzgrl1w</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[worth hearing a few words on fear and panic]<br>
<b>How To PANIC Less! | Russell Brand</b><br>
Oct 15, 2020<br>
Russell Brand<br>
I often suffer from anxiety and have felt on the precipice of panic
and panic attacks. Here are some of the techniques and help I've
learned over the years to help with these feelings, and ways to look
after my mental health in this relation to anxiety and panic.<br>
Here is another video that focuses more on anxiety: <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://youtu.be/TfX4dNo4Khw">https://youtu.be/TfX4dNo4Khw</a><br>
<br>
Instagram: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://instagram.com/russellbrand/">http://instagram.com/russellbrand/</a><br>
Twitter: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://twitter.com/rustyrockets">http://twitter.com/rustyrockets</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91Xed0C5TEs">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91Xed0C5TEs</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>[IBEW Union interest in Green New Deal]<br>
<b>"They may not know our names, but they will know our power." </b><br>
IBEW local leader makes a powerful case for labor to be at the
table in creating a Green New Deal.<br>
Mike Siegel<br>
@SiegelForTexas<br>
<br>
US House candidate, TX-10<br>
There is so much at stake: climate, jobs, health, justice,
democracy.<br>
<br>
We need an unstoppable coalition--workers, environmentalists,
everyone--to build solutions to meet the scale of these crises.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://twitter.com/MarcNWeiss/status/1316190620910841857?s=20">https://twitter.com/MarcNWeiss/status/1316190620910841857?s=20</a>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[Digging back into the internet news archive]<br>
<font size="+1"><b>On this day in the history of global warming -
October 17, 2007 </b></font><br>
<p>The New York Times reports:<br>
<b>Global Warming Starts to Divide G.O.P. Contenders</b><br>
By Marc Santora<br>
Oct. 17, 2007<br>
While many conservative commentators and editorialists have mocked
concerns about climate change, a different reality is emerging
among Republican presidential contenders. It is a near-unanimous
recognition among the leaders of the threat posed by global
warming.<br>
<br>
Within that camp, however, sharp divisions are developing. Senator
John McCain of Arizona is calling for capping gas emissions linked
to warming and higher fuel economy standards. Others, including
Rudolph W. Giuliani and Mitt Romney, are refraining from
advocating such limits and are instead emphasizing a push toward
clean coal and other alternative energy sources.<br>
<br>
All agree that nuclear power should be greatly expanded.<br>
<br>
The debate has taken an intriguing twist. Two candidates appealing
to religious conservatives, former Gov. Mike Huckabee of Arkansas
and Senator Sam Brownback of Kansas, call for strong actions to
ease the effects of people on the climate, at times casting the
effort in spiritual terms just as some evangelical groups have
taken up the cause.<br>
<br>
The emergence of climate change as an issue dividing Republicans
shows just how far the discussion has shifted since 1997, when the
Senate voted, 95 to 0, to oppose any international climate treaty
that could hurt the American economy or excused China from
responsibilities.<br>
<br>
The debate among Republicans is largely not about whether people
are warming the planet, but about how to deal with it.<br>
<br>
The issue inserted itself into the presidential campaign on Friday
with the announcement that Al Gore had won the Nobel Peace Prize
for work highlighting the threat posed by climate change.<br>
<br>
The leading Democratic candidates rushed to praise Mr. Gore,
underlying how that party has sought to seize the issue with
proposals like higher standards for fuel mileage and taxing
emissions of carbon dioxide.<br>
<br>
The issue had been gradually bubbling up among leading Republicans
as top corporations, including some in petroleum, have been
pushing to address it.<br>
<br>
Mr. McCain, who acknowledges that he knew little about the climate
problem when he sought his party's presidential nomination eight
years ago, held a Senate hearing on climate change in 2001 and
quickly became a convert to the notion that carbon emissions were
warming the planet.<br>
<br>
In recent years, he has fought to introduce measures for caps on
dangerous emissions. Last week, Mr. McCain promised to demand
sharply higher fuel standards from the automobile industry.<br>
<br>
He also promised to have the United States join the international
climate treaty, the Kyoto Protocol, although only on the condition
that India and China join, too. Many experts say that condition is
unlikely to be met at the moment.<br>
<br>
"I don't know what it is going to be like the rest of my life on
this planet," Mr. McCain said at the Global Warming and Energy
Solutions Conference on Saturday in Manchester, N.H. "But I can
tell you this. I have had enough experience and enough knowledge
to believe that unless we reverse what is happening on this
planet, my dear friends, we are going to hand our children a
planet that is badly damaged."<br>
<br>
Mr. Romney and Mr. Giuliani say little about the potential dangers
of climate change and almost nothing about curbing emissions of
heat-trapping gases like carbon dioxide. They talk almost
exclusively about the need for independence from foreign oil as a
necessity for national security.<br>
<br>
Fred D. Thompson, after mocking the threat in April, said more
recently that "climate change is real" and suggested a measured
approach until more was known about it.<br>
<br>
In the tangled Republican race, Mr. Giuliani and Mr. Romney have
been much more hesitant to criticize policies of President Bush,
who in his two presidential campaigns said that more study of
climate change was needed before imposing restrictions on
heat-trapping gases.<br>
<br>
On the campaign trail, Mr. Giuliani has said, "I do believe
there's global warming," but in a speech on energy in the summer
in Waterloo, Iowa, he had hardly a word about the environment.
Instead, he focused on tapping domestic sources of energy,
including coal, which is considered a major contributor to global
warming.<br>
<br>
"Ethanol, biodiesel, clean coal, nuclear power, more refineries,
conservation," Mr. Giuliani said. "There's no one single solution.
But each one of these has to be expanded 10 percent, 15 percent,
20 percent.<br>
<br>
"America has more coal reserves than Saudi Arabia has oil
reserves. Aren't we safer and better off relying on our own coal
reserves than on a part of the world that is a threat to us?"<br>
<br>
Mr. Romney has voiced an almost identical theme, with the two
candidates saying they will lead an effort to make the United
States energy independent that will be on the scale of putting a
man on the Moon or the race to build an atomic bomb.<br>
<br>
To illustrate the commitment to new fuel sources, a clip of Mr.
Romney's forum in April in Derry, N.H., has been posted on his
campaign's Web site.<br>
<br>
"That is much broader than one form of fuel like ethanol," Mr.
Romney said. "I believe we have to be developing more energy
sources ourselves, which would include offshore drilling and
drilling in ANWR, nuclear power, biodiesel, biofuel, ethanol,
cellulosic ethanol, probably liquefied coal. We have enormous
supplies of coal."<br>
<br>
Mr. McCain said in his speech on Saturday that he wanted to push
for alternative fuels, but he implied that more needed to be done
to protect the environment.<br>
<br>
One priority, he said, would be to establish "cap and trade," a
system in which corporations are essentially rewarded for deep
cuts in harmful emissions.<br>
<br>
Mr. McCain has written a bill on that and forced two votes, losing
both.<br>
<br>
In addition to calling for improved fuel efficiency, which he
repeated last week in a speech in Detroit, Mr. McCain said he
supported an effort to develop an automobile battery that can
travel 150 to 200 miles without a charge and would finance the
research and development for that.<br>
<br>
The senator opposes a measure that many environmentalists desire,
a carbon tax, most likely as another gasoline tax. He told the
warming and energy conference that he generally opposed new taxes
but that he also believed that poor workers who tended to commute
to work longer distances would be disproportionately affected.<br>
<br>
Mr. McCain said it took a few months of hearings as a member of
the Senate Commerce Committee after the 2000 election for him to
realize the threat from climate change. Asked about Mr. Giuliani
and Mr. Romney's commitment to energy independence, he said voters
should look at their records.<br>
<br>
"What were they doing in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006?" Mr.
McCain asked.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/17/us/politics/17climate.html?_r=0&pagewanted=print">http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/17/us/politics/17climate.html?_r=0&pagewanted=print</a><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------/<br>
<br>
/Archive of Daily Global Warming News <a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/2017-October/date.html"><https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/2017-October/date.html></a>
/<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote</a><br>
<br>
/To receive daily mailings - click to Subscribe <a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:subscribe@theClimate.Vote?subject=Click%20SEND%20to%20process%20your%20request"><mailto:subscribe@theClimate.Vote?subject=Click%20SEND%20to%20process%20your%20request></a>
to news digest./<br>
<br>
*** Privacy and Security:*This mailing is text-only. It does not
carry images or attachments which may originate from remote
servers. A text-only message can provide greater privacy to the
receiver and sender.<br>
By regulation, the .VOTE top-level domain must be used for
democratic and election purposes and cannot be used for commercial
purposes. Messages have no tracking software.<br>
To subscribe, email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:contact@theclimate.vote">contact@theclimate.vote</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:contact@theclimate.vote"><mailto:contact@theclimate.vote></a>
with subject subscribe, To Unsubscribe, subject: unsubscribe<br>
Also you may subscribe/unsubscribe at <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote</a><br>
Links and headlines assembled and curated by Richard Pauli for <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://TheClimate.Vote">http://TheClimate.Vote</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="http://TheClimate.Vote/"><http://TheClimate.Vote/></a>
delivering succinct information for citizens and responsible
governments of all levels. List membership is confidential and
records are scrupulously restricted to this mailing list.<br>
<br>
<br>
</body>
</html>