<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<p><i><font size="+1"><b>January 25, 2021</b></font></i> <br>
</p>
[from Reuters a view forward]<br>
<b>Big Oil hits brakes on search for new fossil fuels</b><br>
By Ron Bousso - JANUARY 24, 2021<br>
LONDON (Reuters) - Top oil and gas companies sharply slowed their
search for new fossil fuel resources last year, data shows, as lower
energy prices due to the coronavirus crisis triggered spending cuts.<br>
Acquisitions of new onshore and offshore exploration licences for
the top five Western energy giants dropped to the lowest in at least
five years, data from Oslo-based consultancy Rystad Energy showed.<br>
<br>
The number of exploration licensing rounds dropped last year due to
the epidemic while companies including Exxon Mobil, Royal Dutch
Shell and France’s Total also reduced spending, Rystad Energy
analyst Palzor Shenga said.<br>
<br>
“Acquiring additional leases comes with a cost and it demands some
work commitments to be fulfilled. Hence, companies would not want to
pile up on additional acreages in their non-core areas of
operations,” Shenga said...<br>
Of the five companies, BP saw by far the largest drop in new acreage
acquisition in 2020. Bernard Looney, who became BP’s CEO in
February, outlined a strategy to reduce oil output by 40% or 1
million barrels per day by 2030. BP has rapidly scaled back its
exploration team in recent months.<br>
<br>
Exxon, the largest U.S. energy company, acquired the largest acreage
in 2020 in the group, with 63% in three blocks in Angola, according
to Rystad Energy...<br>
Total was second with two large blocks acquired in Angola and Oman.<br>
<br>
Acquiring exploration acreage means companies can search for oil and
gas. If new resources are discovered in sufficient volumes, the
companies need to decide whether to develop them, a costly process
that can take years.<br>
<br>
As a result, the drop in exploration activity could lead to a supply
gap in the second half of the decade, analysts said.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-oil-exploration-cuts-idUSKBN29U00V">https://www.reuters.com/article/us-oil-exploration-cuts-idUSKBN29U00V</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[In Japan]<br>
<b>As climate change push grows, Japanese firms accelerate shift to
renewable energy</b><br>
BY KAZUAKI NAGATA - Jan 23, 2021<br>
With Japan announcing a goal to become carbon neutral by 2050 and
President Joe Biden signing an executive order to bring the U.S.
back into the Paris Agreement, a wave of momentum toward curtailing
climate change is growing at home and abroad. And Japanese
businesses are following in that wake as they push forward their
plans to switch to renewables.<br>
<br>
Mitsubishi Estate Co., Tokyu Land Corp. and Yahoo Japan Corp. are
among the major companies shifting their energy sources to
renewables, as the need to be environmentally friendly is
increasingly becoming a key factor in expanding their respective
businesses.<br>
<br>
On Thursday, Mitsubishi Estate, a developer that owns offices and
shopping complexes in Tokyo’s Marunouchi district, unveiled a plan
to have its facilities in the district run completely on renewables
by April 2023.<br>
<br>
Initially, Mitsubishi Estate, which manages about 30 properties
there, was going to make the shift in phases — several properties a
year — but the government’s new target announced by Prime Minister
Yoshihide Suga in October has prompted the firm to move faster, a
company spokesman said.<br>
<br>
For fiscal 2021, starting in April, the developer said 18 properties
will begin to run 100% on renewables, including the Marunouchi
Building and the Shin-Marunouchi Building in front of Tokyo Station.<br>
<br>
This will bump up the firm’s renewable energy rate to 30% compared
to the current 3%. That is expected to cut its annual carbon dioxide
emissions by 160,000 tons, or roughly 80% of the total emissions
from all Mitsubishi Estate-owned buildings.<br>
<br>
Another prominent developer and player in the Tokyo real estate
market, Tokyu Land, is also shifting to renewable energy earlier
than it initially planned. It is considering accelerating its plan
to shift its buildings to 100% renewables to 2025 from 2050, a
company spokesman said.<br>
<br>
With the momentum toward green energy resources among companies
growing rapidly around the world, the renewable shift “is becoming
an essential factor for companies to continue and expand their
businesses,” said Masaya Ishida, senior manager at Renewable Energy
Institute.<br>
<br>
Ishida pointed out that foreign firms renting office spaces in
high-rise buildings in Tokyo’s bustling business districts have
requested building operators to use renewable energy, forcing more
Japanese firms to take that into consideration in the coming years.<br>
<br>
For real estate players like Mitsubishi Estate and Tokyu Land,
“switching to 100% renewable power will help them attract and keep
tenants,” Ishida said.<br>
<br>
Real estate developers are not the only ones keen to switch to green
energy sources. Yahoo Japan Corp. on Tuesday announced that it has
set a goal to shift to 100% renewable energy in three years.<br>
<br>
According to Yahoo Japan, 95% of its electricity consumption comes
from the data centers.<br>
<br>
Its data center in Washington is already running 100% on renewables,
the company said, adding that it will make the shift for its two
domestic centers in Fukuoka Prefecture.<br>
<br>
In the IT sector, global tech giants are ahead of the game. Apple
Inc., which has already shifted to 100% renewables for its own
operations, is now aiming to have its suppliers become
carbon-neutral by 2030.<br>
<br>
Yahoo Japan’s parent company Z Holdings Corp. said it aims to become
a member of RE100, an international initiative run by the Climate
Group and an environmental nonprofit organization CDP, for major
multinational firms to be publicly committed to the 100% renewable
target.<br>
<br>
According to RE100’s website, 284 companies have joined the
initiative, with more than 40 Japanese firms participating,
including Mitsubishi Estate and Tokyu Land.<br>
The momentum toward renewables is growing not only among large
companies but also among small and midsized businesses in Japan.<br>
The number of participants in RE Action, a domestic framework
launched in October 2019 for smaller companies, municipalities,
schools, medical institutions and other groups to commit to 100%
renewables, topped 100 in December.Many firms have joined the
initiative following Suga’s announcement of Japan’s 2050 goal for
carbon neutrality, according to the organizing group.<br>
<br>
The cost of renewable energy is still high in Japan, which could
hamper a shift for some big companies that tend to have various
operation bases across the country and consume a huge amount of
electricity, Ishida of Renewable Energy Institute said.<br>
<br>
But “smaller companies don’t have a lot of operation bases and use
less electricity, so it’s possible for them to make a swift shift if
they think it’s worth the cost,” he said.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/01/23/business/corporate-business/climate-change-japan-renewable-energy/">https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/01/23/business/corporate-business/climate-change-japan-renewable-energy/</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[Davos]<br>
<b>What changes in global and regional cooperation will 2021 bring?
Here’s what business leaders say</b><br>
The World Economic Forum Global Risks Report 2021, reveals how the
crisis has challenged national policy-making and international
relations in ways that threaten lasting impacts. Institutions and
policies to support international coordination were already in
decline, and responses to the pandemic have caused new geopolitical
tensions. “With new stalemates and flashpoints in view, GRPS
respondents rated ‘state collapse’ and ‘multilateralism collapse’ as
critical threats over the next five to ten years.”...<br>
<b>‘Respond effectively, creatively and collaboratively’</b><br>
Carolina Klint, Managing Director, Marsh<br>
<br>
More collaboration across society – the public and private sectors,
communities, and NGOs – is essential. It will involve developing
stimulus programs that incentivize sustainable recovery efforts that
include green infrastructure and clean energy projects. It will
require partnerships between the public and private sectors to
upskill workers for an exploding digital economy. And it ought to
necessitate the creation of new pandemic and emerging risk insurance
mechanisms that could help stabilize companies during extended
crisis events.<br>
<br>
To build and maintain resilience, it is important that business
keeps an eye on potentially high impact events in the short-term and
on the longer-term landscape. And then be prepared to respond
effectively, creatively and collaboratively. This is vital for
businesses and the global community to sustainably navigate the
risks and opportunities ahead, strengthen their resilience to future
shocks and progress towards long-term prosperity...<br>
more at -
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/01/what-changes-to-global-and-regional-cooperation-will-2021-bring-here-s-what-business-leaders-say/">https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/01/what-changes-to-global-and-regional-cooperation-will-2021-bring-here-s-what-business-leaders-say/</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[Announcing Paris by Twitter]<br>
<b>Department of State</b><br>
@StateDept<br>
US government account<br>
The United States is rejoining the Paris Agreement, renewing its
commitment to partnering with other nations to tackle the global
threat of climate change. Read more: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://go.usa.gov/xAGWD">https://go.usa.gov/xAGWD</a>.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://twitter.com/StateDept/status/1353432596718505984">https://twitter.com/StateDept/status/1353432596718505984</a>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[light reading from the NYTimes]<br>
<b>Three Books Offer New Ways to Think About Environmental Disaster</b><br>
By Tatiana Schlossberg<br>
Jan 22, 2021<br>
<b>SCORCHED EARTH</b><br>
<b>Environmental Warfare as a Crime</b><br>
<b>Against Humanity and Nature</b><br>
By Emmanuel Kreike<br>
521 pp. Princeton University. $29.99.<br>
Kreike’s argument is that environmental warfare, in which nature is
a tool and a target, has occurred for hundreds of years, perpetrated
by people all over the world, and that environcide (a term my brain
wants to autocorrect to “envirocide”) should be considered a crime
against humanity.<br>
<br>
“Environcide consists of intentionally or unintentionally damaging,
destroying or rendering inaccessible environmental infrastructure” —
which he broadly defines as homes, agriculture, water sources and
more — “through violence that may be episodic and spectacular … or
continuous and cumulative.”<br>
<br>
At times, this seems like tautology — it’s hard to imagine a war of
any kind that wouldn’t fit this description. But there are
significant contributions here. First, Kreike, despite relying
heavily on Dutch sources (dam enthusiasts will love the details),
helps return historical agency to non-European actors in the wars of
colonization around the world. He writes about often forgotten and
impressive environmental infrastructure, resistance to European
invasion and successful adaptation — for example, many tribal
nations of the American West turned to buffalo hunting only after
Europeans had made their previous sedentary agricultural traditions
impossible.<br>
<br>
Kreike offers a stark corrective and an implicit warning: Humanity
is not distinct from nature, and assuming it is can have tragic
outcomes. Climate change is one; pandemics are another. In this
book, catastrophic warfare is a third. Waiting for the fourth
horseman would seem unwise.<br>
- -<br>
<b>HOW TO PREPARE FOR CLIMATE CHANGE</b><br>
A Practical Guide to Surviving the Chaos<br>
By David Pogue<br>
610 pp. Simon & Schuster. Paper, $24.<br>
It’s always a good idea to prepare for a disaster, especially one
you see coming...<br>
- -<br>
What about the rest of us, the people who can’t afford or wouldn’t
want to move away from the Gulf Coast? What about the people who
already live in Boulder, or the diminishing water supply in the
Rockies? No book can do everything, but planning for our collective
future should be about everyone, including those without the means
to prepare, since they are in the most danger. Inequality is a large
part of what got us here; preparing for climate change shouldn’t
make that worse.<br>
- -<br>
<b>HOW TO BLOW UP A PIPELINE</b><br>
By Andreas Malm<br>
200 pp. Verso. Paper, $19.95.<br>
- -<br>
“To say that the signals have fallen on the deaf ears of the ruling
classes of this world would be an understatement. If these classes
ever had any senses, they have lost them all,” writes Malm, a
Swedish professor of human ecology and climate change activist, in
his compelling but frustrating treatise.<br>
<br>
A proportionate and rational response, Malm argues, should be to
target fossil fuel infrastructure: Destroy fences around a power
plant; occupy pipeline routes, as protesters did for the Keystone XL
and Dakota Access pipelines; at coal mines or similar sites, set up
climate camps, which Malm believes are effective as laboratories for
activism and for shutting things down by putting bodies on the line.<br>
<br>
He also advocates powerfully against despair and powerlessness. One
of the most satisfying parts of his book comes when he brutally
dispatches with “climate fatalists” like Jonathan Franzen, who argue
that we should all just give up. “Climate fatalism is for those on
top,” Malm writes. “Its sole contribution is spoilage.”<br>
<br>
So Malm wants us to fight back (though I should add that there
aren’t any actual instructions here about how to blow anything up).<br>
He argues that there should be room for tactics other than strict
nonviolence and peaceful demonstrations — indeed, he is a bit
contemptuous of those who offer strategic pacifism as a solution —
and notes that fetishizing nonviolence in past protest movements
sanitizes history, removing agency from the people who fought,
sometimes violently, for justice, freedom and equality.<br>
Sure. But the problem with violence, even if it’s meant only to
destroy “fossil capital,” is that ultimately it’s impossible to
control.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/22/books/review/scorched-earth-emmanuel-kreike-how-to-prepare-for-climate-change-david-pogue-how-to-blow-up-a-pipeline-andreas-malm.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/22/books/review/scorched-earth-emmanuel-kreike-how-to-prepare-for-climate-change-david-pogue-how-to-blow-up-a-pipeline-andreas-malm.html</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[right around the middle]<br>
<b>Climate change will cause a shift in Earth's tropical rain belt —
threatening water and food supply for billions, study says</b><br>
BY LI COHEN - JANUARY 23, 2021 <br>
By 2100, billions of people are at risk of facing more flooding,
higher temperatures and less food and water. A new study published
in "Nature Climate Change" found that the climate change will cause
the Earth's tropical rain belt to unevenly shift in areas that cover
almost two-thirds of the world, potentially threatening
environmental safety and food security for billions of people. <br>
<br>
The tropical rain belt, otherwise known as the Intertropical
Convergence Zone, or ITCZ, is a narrow area that circles the Earth
near the equator where trade winds from the Northern and Southern
hemispheres meet. Areas along the equator are among the warmest on
Earth, and this, paired with the winds, creates significant humidity
and precipitation. <br>
<br>
"Our work shows that climate change will cause the position of
Earth's tropical rain belt to move in opposite directions in two
longitudinal sectors that cover almost two thirds of the globe,"
lead author Antonios Mamalakis said in a statement, "a process that
will have cascading effects on water availability and food
production around the world." <br>
<br>
Mamalakis and other researchers came to this conclusion by analyzing
computer simulations from 27 climate models. Specifically, they
looked at how the rain belt would respond if greenhouse gas
emissions continue to rise through the end of the current century.
..<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/climate-change-shift-tropical-rain-belt-water-food-supply/">https://www.cbsnews.com/news/climate-change-shift-tropical-rain-belt-water-food-supply/</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[a little science]<br>
18 January 2021<br>
<b>Zonally contrasting shifts of the tropical rain belt in response
to climate change</b><br>
Antonios Mamalakis, James T. Randerson, Jin-Yi Yu, Michael S.
Pritchard, Gudrun Magnusdottir, Padhraic Smyth, Paul A. Levine,
Sungduk Yu & Efi Foufoula-Georgiou <br>
Nature Climate Change (2021)Cite this article<br>
Abstract<br>
<blockquote>Future changes in the position of the intertropical
convergence zone (ITCZ; a narrow band of heavy precipitation in
the tropics) with climate change could affect the livelihood and
food security of billions of people. Although models predict a
future narrowing of the ITCZ, uncertainties remain large regarding
its future position, with most past work focusing on zonal-mean
shifts. Here we use projections from 27 state-of-the-art climate
models and document a robust zonally varying ITCZ response to the
SSP3-7.0 scenario by 2100, with a northward shift over eastern
Africa and the Indian Ocean and a southward shift in the eastern
Pacific and Atlantic oceans. The zonally varying response is
consistent with changes in the divergent atmospheric energy
transport and sector-mean shifts of the energy flux equator. Our
analysis provides insight about mechanisms influencing the future
position of the tropical rain belt and may allow for more-robust
projections of climate change impacts.<br>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-020-00963-x">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-020-00963-x</a><br>
- -<br>
[animated illustration]<br>
<b>Zonally contrasting shifts of the tropical rain belt in response
to climate change</b><br>
Jan 18, 2021<br>
Antonios Mamalakis<br>
Summary of our new study on the effect of future climate change on
the position of the tropical rain belt. <br>
The study has been published in Nature Climate Change.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0SmHsJWacmI">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0SmHsJWacmI</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[Book mention, Oxford Press]<br>
<b>Tornado God - American Religion and Violent Weather</b><br>
Peter J. Thuesen<br>
Description<br>
One of the earliest sources of humanity's religious impulse was
severe weather, which ancient peoples attributed to the wrath of
storm gods. Enlightenment thinkers derided such beliefs as
superstition and predicted they would pass away as humans became
more scientifically and theologically sophisticated. But in America,
scientific and theological hubris came face-to-face with the
tornado, nature's most violent windstorm. Striking the United States
more than any other nation, tornadoes have consistently defied
scientists' efforts to unlock their secrets. Meteorologists now
acknowledge that even the most powerful computers will likely never
be able to predict a tornado's precise path.<br>
<br>
Similarly, tornadoes have repeatedly brought Americans to the outer
limits of theology, drawing them into the vortex of such mysteries
as how to reconcile suffering with a loving God and whether there is
underlying purpose or randomness in the universe. In this
groundbreaking history, Peter Thuesen captures the harrowing drama
of tornadoes, as clergy, theologians, meteorologists, and ordinary
citizens struggle to make sense of these death-dealing tempests. He
argues that, in the tornado, Americans experience something that is
at once culturally peculiar (the indigenous storm of the national
imagination) and religiously primal (the sense of awe before an
unpredictable and mysterious power). He also shows that, in an era
of climate change, the weather raises the issue of society's
complicity in natural disasters. In the whirlwind, Americans
confront the question of their own destiny-how much is
self-determined and how much is beyond human understanding or
control.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://global.oup.com/academic/product/tornado-god-9780190680282?cc=us&lang=en&#">https://global.oup.com/academic/product/tornado-god-9780190680282?cc=us&lang=en&#</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[captives in the information battlegrounds]<br>
<b>Two Trump appointees are being investigated for posting reports
denying climate change.</b><br>
Jan. 22, 2021<br>
By Lisa Friedman<br>
The Commerce Department’s Office of Inspector General said it will
investigate an incident earlier this month in which two former Trump
appointees posted debunked scientific reports denying the existence
and significance of man-made climate change, purportedly on behalf
of the United States government.<br>
<br>
Senator Mazie K. Hirono, Democrat of Hawaii, along with four other
Senate Democrats, had requested the inquiry into potential
wrongdoing around the postings and improper use of government logos.
In a letter Friday to the senator, the compliance and ethics staff
of the inspector general’s office wrote, “After careful
consideration, we decided to review this matter further.”<br>
<br>
Days before the end of the Trump administration, David Legates, who
served as the head of the United States Global Change Research
Program, and Ryan Maue, a senior official at the White House Office
of Science and Technology Policy (O.S.T.P.), were reassigned after
they posted reports on a climate denialism website. The Commerce
Department is conducting the review because the two were on detail
from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which is
part of the Commerce Department.<br>
<br>
The reports were largely discredited theories, including one
claiming the sun and not human-caused pollution is responsible for
recent warming, and bore the logo of the executive office of the
president. It also purported to be the copyrighted work of the
O.S.T.P., representing “the current state-of-the-science” on climate
change. The head of that agency under Mr. Trump, Kelvin Droegemeier,
said in a statement at the time that the postings had been done
without his knowledge or consent...<br>
In requesting the investigation, Sen. Hirono — along with Senators
Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island, Elizabeth Warren of
Massachusetts, Edward J. Markey of Massachusetts and Richard
Blumenthal of Connecticut — said they worried that the departure of
the two appointees “presents an opportunity for this issue to fall
through the cracks.”<br>
<br>
Beyond “disseminating dangerous information,” the senators wrote,
the use of O.S.T.P.’s logo and copyright without permission is
illegal under federal law. “Not holding those involved accountable
sets a bad precedent for future instances along those lines,” they
said. Mr. Legates did not immediately respond to a request for
comment and Mr. Maue declined to comment.<br>
<br>
A spokesman for the Biden administration did not respond to a
request for comment. But President Biden has been outspoken about
“bringing science back” to the federal government, and on Wednesday
the White House is expected to issue a sweeping agencywide
memorandum on scientific integrity, according to an internal
planning document obtained by The New York Times.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/22/us/two-trump-appointees-are-being-investigated-for-posting-reports-denying-climate-change.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/22/us/two-trump-appointees-are-being-investigated-for-posting-reports-denying-climate-change.html</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[Digging back into the internet news archive]<br>
<font size="+1"><b>On this day in the history of global warming -
January 25, 1984 </b></font><br>
<p>In his State of the Union Address, President Ronald Reagan says
something that would be considered highly controversial by the
right wing today:<br>
<br>
"...[L]et us remember our responsibility to preserve our older
resources here on Earth. Preservation of our environment is not a
liberal or conservative challenge, it's common sense."<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://youtu.be/TdMTTlpfNP4">http://youtu.be/TdMTTlpfNP4</a> (21:52--22:08) <br>
</p>
<p>/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------/<br>
</p>
<br>
/Archive of Daily Global Warming News <a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/2017-October/date.html"><https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/2017-October/date.html></a>
/<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote</a><br>
<br>
/To receive daily mailings - click to Subscribe <a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:subscribe@theClimate.Vote?subject=Click%20SEND%20to%20process%20your%20request"><mailto:subscribe@theClimate.Vote?subject=Click%20SEND%20to%20process%20your%20request></a>
to news digest./<br>
<br>
*** Privacy and Security:*This mailing is text-only. It does not
carry images or attachments which may originate from remote
servers. A text-only message can provide greater privacy to the
receiver and sender.<br>
By regulation, the .VOTE top-level domain must be used for
democratic and election purposes and cannot be used for commercial
purposes. Messages have no tracking software.<br>
To subscribe, email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:contact@theclimate.vote">contact@theclimate.vote</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:contact@theclimate.vote"><mailto:contact@theclimate.vote></a>
with subject subscribe, To Unsubscribe, subject: unsubscribe<br>
Also you may subscribe/unsubscribe at <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote</a><br>
Links and headlines assembled and curated by Richard Pauli for <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://TheClimate.Vote">http://TheClimate.Vote</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="http://TheClimate.Vote/"><http://TheClimate.Vote/></a>
delivering succinct information for citizens and responsible
governments of all levels. List membership is confidential and
records are scrupulously restricted to this mailing list.<br>
<br>
<br>
</body>
</html>