<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<p><i><font size="+1"><b>March 2, 2021</b></font></i></p>
[Not funny, a cute, smart cartoon]<br>
<b>The global climate disaster misinfornado will end up killing way
more people than the Texas ice storms</b><br>
First Dog on the Moon<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/mar/01/the-global-climate-disaster-misinfornado-will-end-up-killing-way-more-people-than-the-texas-ice-storms">https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/mar/01/the-global-climate-disaster-misinfornado-will-end-up-killing-way-more-people-than-the-texas-ice-storms</a><br>
- -<br>
[The Guardian from Texas newspapers]<br>
<b>A Texas city had a bold new climate plan – until a gas company
got involved</b><br>
When the city of Austin drafted a plan to shift away from fossil
fuels, the local gas company was fast on the scene to try to scale
back the ambition of the effort.<br>
<br>
Like many cities across the US, the rapidly expanding and
gentrifying Texas city is looking to shrink its climate footprint.
So its initial plan was to virtually eliminate gas use in new
buildings by 2030 and existing ones by 2040. Homes and businesses
would have to run on electricity and stop using gas for heat, hot
water and stoves...<br>
The proposal, an existential threat to the gas industry, quickly
caught the attention of Texas Gas Service. The company drafted
line-by-line revisions to weaken the plan, asked customers to oppose
it and escalated its concerns to top city officials.<br>
In its suggested edits, the company struck references to
“electrification”, and replaced them with “decarbonization”– a
policy that wouldn’t rule out gas. It replaced “electric vehicles”
with “alternative fuel vehicles”, which could run on compressed
natural gas. It offered to help the city to plant more trees to
absorb climate pollution and to explore technologies to pull carbon
dioxide out of the air – both of which might help it to keep burning
gas.<br>
<br>
Those proposed revisions were obtained by Floodlight, the Texas
Observer and San Antonio Report through public records of
communications between city officials and the company.<br>
<br>
The moves have so far proven a success for Texas Gas. The most
recently published draft of the climate plan gives the company much
more time to sell gas to existing customers, and it allows it to
offset climate emissions instead of eliminating them. The city,
however, is revisiting the plan after a backlash to the
industry-secured changes.<br>
<br>
The lobbying in Austin is not unique. It echoes how an electricity
and gas company spent hundreds of thousands of dollars scaling back
San Antonio’s climate ambitions by funding the city’s plan-writing
process, replacing academics with its preferred consultants and
writing its own “Flexible Path” that would let it keep polluting.<br>
The American Gas Association in a statement for this story said it
“will absolutely oppose any effort to ban natural gas or sideline
our infrastructure anywhere the effort materializes, state house or
city steps”. But it argued that position is “not counter to
environmental goals we all share”, and said “natural gas is key to
achieving the cleaner energy future we all want”.<br>
<br>
Texas’s reliance on gas was on display in mid-February when more
than 4m households lost power for days after a freak winter storm
battered the state. Gas power plants dominate the Texas grid,
providing 47% of the state’s electricity. Many of those plants and
the natural gas pipelines leading to them failed in the cold
conditions.<br>
<br>
More than a third of Texas households also rely on gas for heat.
Competition for gas-fueled power and heat forced prices to surge as
high as 16,000%, one power company said. Utilities now face massive
bills from their gas suppliers – and many are passing the costs on
to customers in the form of sky-high bills.<br>
<br>
The CEO of Comstock Resources, a gas company owned by the
billionaire Dallas Cowboys owner, Jerry Jones, described the gas
industry windfall as “hitting the jackpot” in an earnings call.<br>
<b><br>
</b><b>A nationwide fight goes local</b><br>
The gas industry is battling climate change reforms in cities around
the US – with support from Republican politicians.<br>
<br>
In Texas, lawmakers have introduced two bills that would prohibit
local governments from banning gas connections. “There hasn’t been a
city necessarily that has banned natural gas yet, but we have
whispers from the Austin city council, the city of Houston, even
smaller cities,” said Jeff Carlson, the chief of staff for
Representative Cody Harris, who introduced one of the bills...<br>
Four other state legislatures passed similar laws last year, and 12
more have seen proposals for them in 2021. The gas lobby, the
American Gas Association, has said it isn’t actively coordinating
support or lobbying for state laws to prohibit gas bans, but its
internal records indicate a different story.<br>
<br>
“We are increasingly active in the States,” the association’s
president, Karen Harbert, said in a November letter to members
explaining how the organization spent membership dues in 2020. She
said the association is participating in several “Pro Natural Gas
Coalitions” to bring allies together...<br>
- -<br>
Gas is cheap, and affordability is a major concern in Austin, where
families and people of color continue to get priced out of the
fast-growing city.<br>
<br>
But even so, Austinites don’t necessarily want gas, said Chelsea
Gomez, a community ambassador who consulted on the city plan. “When
you talk to people, they don’t want natural gas as a middle man to a
sustainable future – they want solar panels to be affordable for
them,” said Gomez. “People want better [options].”<br>
<br>
Burning gas indoors exposes people to dangerous pollutants that are
linked with heart attacks, respiratory disease and asthma. One study
found that children in homes with gas stoves were 42% more likely to
have asthma than children in homes with electric stoves.<br>
<br>
The fossil fuel also has clear climate impacts. In Texas, the number
of days that are 100F or hotter has more than doubled over the past
40 years and could double again by 2036, according to a study from
the Texas state climatologist. Extreme rainfall and urban flooding
are increasing, hurricanes are getting more intense and the Gulf of
Mexico is rising. Droughts and wildfires are becoming more severe.<br>
<br>
Those effects were what Austin was trying to help to limit when
Texas Gas Service got involved...<br>
<b>‘Crashing the party’</b><br>
After one early meeting in June with the city’s climate program
manager, Texas Gas’ regulatory affairs manager, Larry Graham, said
in an email to Austin’s climate program manager, Zach Baumer, that
the proposal for all-electric new construction had “gotten the
attention of people at the highest level of our company”. The city
released the internal emails, along with the draft versions of the
plan, in response to a request for public records.<br>
<br>
By July, employees of the company’s parent corporation, One Gas,
were weighing in on the proposals from their headquarters in Tulsa,
Oklahoma.<br>
<br>
It was a level of involvement that raised red flags among city
employees.<br>
<br>
Baumer later emailed Graham that his company was “kind of crashing a
party” when it attended meeting after meeting...<br>
- - <br>
Shane Johnson, the co-chair of the steering committee who works for
the Sierra Club, called Texas Gas’ influence “unnerving”.<br>
<br>
After environmental advocates balked at the revisions, the city
agreed to revert back to the original, more aggressive goals.<br>
- -<br>
In response to the lobbying, the city’s final plan watered down key
emission goals, replacing specific strategies to cut emissions with
vague and sometimes misleading platitudes.<br>
<br>
The climate activists did have some successes. They got the city to
include interim goals – to cut climate pollution 41% by 2030 and 71%
by 2040 as checkpoints on the path to carbon neutrality by 2050.<br>
<br>
Greg Harman, a clean energy advocate with the Sierra Club who served
on one of the climate plan committees, said Texas’s reputation as
hostile to climate action is both earned and imposed on the state by
the energy industry. Like the rest of the US, surveys show a
majority of Texans believe that climate change is real and a cause
for concern.<br>
<br>
“We’re a complex and interesting state, we just happen to have a lot
of energy resources,” Harman said. “But the cynics are right to be
cynical.”<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/mar/01/a-texas-city-had-a-bold-new-climate-plan-until-a-gas-company-got-involved">https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/mar/01/a-texas-city-had-a-bold-new-climate-plan-until-a-gas-company-got-involved</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
[Climate journalism]<br>
<b>Talking Shop: Boosting your climate confidence on every beat</b><br>
Mar 1, 2021<br>
Covering Climate Now<br>
Want to boost your news team’s climate chops but unsure where to
start? <br>
<br>
With President Joe Biden clearly prioritizing the climate issue,
newsrooms have no choice but to raise their own climate competence,
fast. The Biden administration is taking an all-of-government
approach, making climate change central to its economic, foreign
policy, and social justice agendas.<br>
This webinar will help journalists develop an all-of-newsroom
approach to covering climate change in Biden’s Washington.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7SfvUi4Syls">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7SfvUi4Syls</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<br>
[its about time]<b><br>
</b><b>Florida celebrates sea level rise planning tool after years
‘behind the curve’</b><br>
A recent law requires builders to think about climate change for
some publicly funded projects.<br>
By Zachary T. Sampson - Feb. 18, 2021<br>
<br>
One year after the Florida Legislature passed a bill considered its
first direct confrontation of climate change in years, the state is
moving closer to making the policy’s promises a reality.<br>
<br>
The Department of Environmental Protection is crafting a rule that
will lay out a standard for considering sea level rise before
starting construction on some publicly funded projects along the
coast. It is supposed to take effect July 1, and agency officials
said this week they aim to hone a draft version by April 1.<br>
<br>
“The whole idea is to raise the floor, and the floor on planning was
absolutely nothing,” said José Javier Rodríguez, a former state
senator from Miami who pushed the original legislation.<br>
Department of Environmental Protection secretary Noah Valenstein
said in a meeting last month that the measure will mark the first
time Florida sends “a uniform signal across the state of what sea
level rise projections should be used over what time periods.”<br>
<br>
The rule will require Sea Level Impact Projection (or SLIP) studies
to be finished before builders break ground on projects that receive
state funding and fall in specific areas especially vulnerable to
flooding near the shore. It will cover structures like houses,
parking garages, piers, water treatment plants and bridges, but not
smaller items like gazebos and beach walkovers, or seawalls and
breakwaters meant to combat erosion.<br>
<br>
The impact studies are supposed to look forward to possible flooding
over the lifespan of a project, often several decades, using a sea
level rise estimate developed by federal scientists. During a
meeting Tuesday, state officials indicated they would require an
“intermediate-high” projection for how much local sea levels could
rise, slightly lower than some environmentalists wanted but also not
among the most conservative scenarios...<br>
An engineering firm is creating an online tool that will allow
developers to plug in their project information and produce the
studies. It could provide a ranking of future flood risk, data on
potential flooding, along with suggestions of ways to make a project
more resilient. The rule will not force agencies, cities or counties
to pursue whatever is deemed the safest route.<br>
“There’s no requirement to implement a particular alternative that
may be suggested,” said Whitney Gray, administrator of the Florida
Resilient Coastlines program, during the meeting this week. “This is
not a regulatory tool.”<br>
<br>
Rodríguez, a Democrat who lost a bid for re-election last year, said
he designed the bill to gain support in a Legislature historically
averse to discussing climate change. “We are so far behind the curve
from where we’re starting,” he said.<br>
<br>
He modeled it after the National Environmental Policy Act, which
requires project managers to study environmental impacts and
identify alternative designs, but not necessarily to take the least
harmful route.<br>
<br>
The rule will require studies to be posted on the Department of
Environmental Protection’s website for at least 10 years, and for 30
days before groundbreaking can commence. The state will not solicit
public comments or hold public hearings on each individual study,
said Weesam Khoury, a spokeswoman for the Department of
Environmental Protection.<br>
<br>
Rodríguez said he hopes that requiring the research and posting it
online affords accountability, and that residents will pressure
elected officials who back risky investments of their tax dollars.<br>
<br>
Environmental groups like the measure but have offered some
critiques. State officials have revised the draft language in
response to feedback and will continue to do so over the next
several weeks.<br>
<br>
The Environmental Defense Fund in Florida submitted suggestions in a
letter last month, including a request that the rule make clear how
studies should look at environmental risks outside damage to
buildings, like changes to water quality and erosion.<br>
<br>
“The rule feels more like an anti-flooding rule rather than a sea
level rise impacts tool,” said Elizabeth Fata Carpenter, a staff
attorney at the Everglades Law Center, which shares the concern.<br>
<br>
The Law Center also wants officials to demand a longer wait period
before construction than 30 days to give developers time to consider
alternative designs.<br>
<br>
“Because the state is beginning to take steps, we want to make sure
that the step they do take is of high quality,” Fata Carpenter said.
“It’s a step in the right direction, but it’s not a very big step.”<br>
<br>
To learn more about the proposed rule, visit the Department of
Environmental Protection’s website here:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://floridadep.gov/rcp/beaches-funding-program/content/resilience-and-coastal-protection-rules-development">https://floridadep.gov/rcp/beaches-funding-program/content/resilience-and-coastal-protection-rules-development</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.tampabay.com/news/environment/2021/02/18/florida-celebrates-sea-level-rise-planning-tool-after-years-behind-the-curve/">https://www.tampabay.com/news/environment/2021/02/18/florida-celebrates-sea-level-rise-planning-tool-after-years-behind-the-curve/</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[Sea ice melt is a huge influence]<b><br>
</b><b>A Smorgasbord of Actions and Reactions in the Arctic causing
Global Climate System Disruption</b><br>
Mar 1, 2021<br>
Paul Beckwith<br>
In the last few videos I chatted about the amazing new research
showing that the entire Arctic Ocean was filled with freshwater
covered by very thick shelf ice and sea ice, not just once, but
twice in the last 150,000 years. <br>
<br>
Now I talk about a slew of recent research papers on some of the
ramifications one consequences of our changing Arctic on the overall
climate system.<br>
<br>
Specifically, I discuss:<br>
(a) How the climate has changed rapidly during periods of rapid
sea-ice decline in the Arctic<br>
(b) How Arctic sea-ice plays a pacemaker role in abrupt global
climate change<br>
(c) How Arctic sea ice loss in the past is linked to abrupt climate
events<br>
(d) How salt concentrations in ice cores can unveil DO
(Dansgaard-Oeschger) events’ recipe<br>
(e) How abrupt climate change events from the past could help
predict the ones ahead<br>
(f) How rapid Arctic warming in the past has shifted Southern
Hemisphere ocean winds<br>
(g) How uneven warming around the globe shifts the equatorial rain
band and mid latitude westerlies<br>
(h) How ozone depletion can trump (sorry for using this word)
Greenhouse gas increases in Jet stream shift<br>
(I) How record high Arctic freshwater flows to the Labrador Sea,
affecting local and global oceans<br>
<br>
Lots of topics, but please Google the article titles I discuss for
more information; they are all open source...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AFGLsQS_3Nw">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AFGLsQS_3Nw</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[inevitable]<br>
FEBRUARY 26, 2021<br>
<b>Flood-prone Miami to spend billions tackling sea level rise</b><br>
by Leila MacOr<br>
The US city of Miami is to invest billions of dollars to tackle its
vulnerability to rising sea levels, a reality that already affects
the daily lives of residents used to constant flooding.<br>
Miami-Dade County Mayor Daniella Levine-Cava said Friday she will
protect communities hardest hit by rising sea levels, which eat away
at beaches and leave residents particularly vulnerable to flooding
during hurricane season.<br>
<br>
"We must continue to focus on restoration, preservation and
protection of this sacred space," she told a news conference.<br>
<br>
"And so we will be together investing billions of dollars... in our
infrastructure so that we can lift this community and others that
are so affected by sea level rise," she added.<br>
<br>
She cited "adaptation action areas" as a first priority to be
studied, which would include raising low-lying roads, and
waterproofing and converting southern Florida's widely used septic
tanks into sewage systems.<br>
<br>
The area, with extensive wetlands and sitting on porous stone that
acts like a sponge, makes the state one of the most at risk from
rising sea levels.<br>
<br>
The problem is so visible that, during the summer rainy season, it
is common to see Miamians kayaking along flooded avenues and cars
sunk up to their windows.<br>
The city of Miami Beach—which is part of Miami-Dade County—invested
millions of dollars in raising the level of many of its streets in
2016.<br>
<br>
And some private entrepreneurs have proposed creative, if expensive,
ways to adapt to the challenge.<br>
<br>
For example, Miami residents are used to seeing a houseboat that
often docks near the port, although it has also appeared in other
waters around Biscayne Bay.<br>
<br>
It is valued at $5.5 million and adjusts to rising sea levels.<br>
<br>
"It looks like a house, but technically it's a boat," said Nicolas
Derouin, co-founder and managing director of Arkup, the Miami-based
company that created this floating "villa" with a drop-down terrace
over the sea.<br>
<br>
The house, covered with a roof of solar panels, remains stable
thanks to four hydraulic pillars that fix it to an underwater bed.<br>
<br>
The Environmental Protection Agency says the sea level could rise by
30am to 120 cm over the coming century.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://phys.org/news/2021-02-flood-prone-miami-billions-tackling-sea.html">https://phys.org/news/2021-02-flood-prone-miami-billions-tackling-sea.html</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
[common sense]<br>
<b>In Wake of Texas Crisis, Advocates Say State Must Require
Utilities Prepare For Climate Change</b><br>
Miriam Wasser - March 1, 2021<br>
An unusually cold winter storm left millions of people in Texas
without power and water last month, and left many in New England to
ask, “Could that happen here?”<br>
<br>
According to experts at the Boston-based Conservation Law
Foundation, the answer is “yes.” Well, sort of.<br>
<br>
Get up to speed on the local coronavirus outbreak and other news
Boston is talking about. Add our daily newsletter to your morning
routine. Sign up now.<br>
<br>
Though the exact scenario that played out in Texas is probably
unique to Texas — we don’t frack natural gas here, our pipelines and
wind turbines are weatherized, we pay power generators to be ready
for unexpected peaks in demand, and we are part of an electric grid
that spans the entire eastern half of the country — the
infrastructure we rely on to bring us electricity, gas and water is
ill-prepared for the coming decades.<br>
<br>
From severe winter and summer storms to brutal heat waves, extreme
rainfall, sea level rise and coastal flooding, the effects of
climate change are already apparent here in the northeast. And
scientists say they’re only going to get worse.<br>
<br>
Climate change is "going to put our power infrastructure in a more
vulnerable situation. And that jeopardizes reliable service for
thousands of Massachusetts residents, which affects not only the
cost that they pay in rates, but also their health and safety,” says
Deanna Moran, Director of Environmental Planning at the Conservation
Law Foundation (CLF).<br>
<br>
Look at what just happened in Texas, she adds. The cold snap and
power outages killed at least 80 people, and is likely going to cost
the state billions in physical damages and economic losses; some
experts predict the final price tag will top that of Hurricane
Harvey, which cost $125 billion.<br>
<br>
"That's the latest example of what we're trying to avoid here in
Massachusetts," she says...<br>
- -<br>
“The DPU is the Commonwealth's primary regulator of investor owned
utilities, and it's in charge of ensuring safe and reliable
service,” Moran says. “So this really falls very squarely in their
statutory mandate.”<br>
<br>
According to the petition, utilities should address how they’ll
modify operations in the face of extreme weather, move or protect
critical infrastructure, prepare disaster response plans for a
variety of future climate outcomes and, importantly, update these
plans every few years.<br>
<br>
“We can no longer rely on historical trends to inform our
decision-making, especially where it concerns critical
infrastructure that has implications for public health and safety,”
the petition states.<br>
<br>
Though not involved in the CLF petition, Attorney General Maura
Healey told WBUR in an email that she has many of the same concerns
about how our energy infrastructure will fare in the future.<br>
<br>
“What happened in Texas last week – the extreme winter weather, the
millions without power, and the heartbreaking deaths that resulted –
is climate change,” she wrote. “It’s what happens when we burn too
many fossil fuels and fail to weatherize our system. It’s why
Massachusetts utilities need to proactively plan for mitigating
climate and disaster risk.”...<br>
- -<br>
Should the DPU accept CLF's advice and begin the process outlined in
the petition, the agency could look to New York as a model.<br>
<br>
In the wake of Hurricane Sandy, New York mandated its utilities
undertake a study similar to the one CLF has proposed. In 2019, Con
Edison, the utility that serves over 10 million people in New York
City and Westchester County, published its results.<br>
<br>
Moran calls the report a “best-practice model.” Con Edison
identifies infrastructure in flood-prone areas and looks at
strategies to protect it against rising sea levels and storm surge.
It also examines how hotter temperatures might affect electrical
wires, and explores options for better real-time monitoring of gas
pipes that are vulnerable to damage from storm surge or flooding.
And importantly, the utility outlines a framework for weighing the
cost of adaptation and mitigation with that of inaction.<br>
<br>
Preparing our energy and water infrastructure for climate change
will cost money upfront, Moran says. But in the long run its likely
to save ratepayers a lot of money — hardening an electrical
substation against sea-level rise is less expensive than dealing
with a flooded one that causes prolonged power outages, she says.<br>
<br>
We need to be doing longer-term planning so that we don't have to
have Eversource and National Grid coming back into the DPU every
year looking for cost recovery" after big storms and floods, Moran
says. “Because at the end of the day, that falls on the ratepayers
[who are already] paying a lot of money for this infrastructure to
continually be destroyed and rebuilt.”<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.wbur.org/earthwhile/2021/03/01/clf-dpu-utilities-massachusetts-climate-change-preparedness">https://www.wbur.org/earthwhile/2021/03/01/clf-dpu-utilities-massachusetts-climate-change-preparedness</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[Digging back into the internet news archive]<br>
<font size="+1"><b>On this day in the history of global warming -
March 2, 2012 </b></font><br>
<p>March 2, 2012: The Virginia Supreme Court brings an end to
Virginia Attorney General Ken Cuccinelli's legal harassment of
climate scientist Michael Mann.<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-03-02/local/35448477_1_cuccinelli-global-warming-skeptics-climate-scientist">http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-03-02/local/35448477_1_cuccinelli-global-warming-skeptics-climate-scientist</a><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------/<br>
<br>
/Archive of Daily Global Warming News <a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/2017-October/date.html"><https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/2017-October/date.html></a>
/<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote</a><br>
<br>
/To receive daily mailings - click to Subscribe <a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:subscribe@theClimate.Vote?subject=Click%20SEND%20to%20process%20your%20request"><mailto:subscribe@theClimate.Vote?subject=Click%20SEND%20to%20process%20your%20request></a>
to news digest./<br>
<br>
*** Privacy and Security:*This mailing is text-only. It does not
carry images or attachments which may originate from remote
servers. A text-only message can provide greater privacy to the
receiver and sender.<br>
By regulation, the .VOTE top-level domain must be used for
democratic and election purposes and cannot be used for commercial
purposes. Messages have no tracking software.<br>
To subscribe, email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:contact@theclimate.vote">contact@theclimate.vote</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:contact@theclimate.vote"><mailto:contact@theclimate.vote></a>
with subject subscribe, To Unsubscribe, subject: unsubscribe<br>
Also you may subscribe/unsubscribe at <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote</a><br>
Links and headlines assembled and curated by Richard Pauli for <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://TheClimate.Vote">http://TheClimate.Vote</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="http://TheClimate.Vote/"><http://TheClimate.Vote/></a>
delivering succinct information for citizens and responsible
governments of all levels. List membership is confidential and
records are scrupulously restricted to this mailing list.<br>
<br>
<br>
</body>
</html>