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<p><i><font size="+1"><b>May 20, 2021</b></font></i> <br>
</p>
[Video - many 10 year plans]<br>
<b>Special Presidential Envoy for Climate John Kerry on US Climate
Policy and Yale</b><br>
May 17, 2021<br>
YaleUniversity<br>
Join Special Presidential Envoy for Climate John Kerry and Yale
President Peter Salovey as they discuss climate change and US
climate policy. The conversation focused on the goals for the UN
Climate Change Conference (COP26) in Glasglow in November 2021, the
importance of private capital and the momentum of the marketplace,
what students and young people can do to influence climate policy
and the importance of student activism for the climate movement, how
to bridge political divides, and where to focus research at Yale
with the recent gift from Fedex to fund a new center focused on
developing natural solutions for reducing atmospheric carbon as part
of Yale’s broader Planetary Solutions Project. <br>
<br>
Climate Day is presented by Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies in
partnership with Yale Planetary Solutions Project, Yale Program on
Climate Change Communication, Yale School of the Environment, Yale
School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale School of Public
Health.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://youtu.be/wIN4QsQtuqs">https://youtu.be/wIN4QsQtuqs</a><br>
<p>- -<br>
</p>
[heat and money]<br>
<b>Central Banks Jump Into Climate-Change Policy Fray</b><br>
Some say regulators are going beyond their remits with focus on
risks to financial systems and economies<br>
By Simon Clark<br>
May 16, 2021<br>
<br>
Central banks, the most powerful financial institutions in the
world, want to become the guardians of the environment as well.<br>
<br>
The central banks say climate change is a financial and economic
risk. They believe rising sea levels, more wildfires and bigger
storms could cause shortages that spur inflation, the regulators’
traditional nemesis.<br>
<br>
The banks that are deepest into the issue are trying to limit
climate change by steering their financial systems away from fossil
fuels. Their regulations could hit U.S. companies operating
overseas. The Bank of England’s remit now explicitly includes
environmental sustainability as well as maintaining price stability.<br>
<br>
The Federal Reserve is proceeding cautiously, worried about
financial risks but wary of expanding its mandate, which would put
it in the middle of the partisan debate over climate change.<br>
<br>
In December, the Fed joined the Central Banks and Supervisors
Network for Greening the Financial System. That group, which
includes central banks and regulators of major European countries as
well as China, Russia and Japan, started with eight members in
2017...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/central-banks-jump-into-climate-change-policy-fray-11621166402">https://www.wsj.com/articles/central-banks-jump-into-climate-change-policy-fray-11621166402</a><br>
- -<br>
[message battles]<br>
<b>Greta Thunberg blasts John Kerry over global warming statement</b><br>
The activist took to Twitter to voice her disapproval.<br>
By Christian Spencer | May 18, 2021<br>
Story at a glance:<br>
<blockquote>-- Greta Thunberg responded on Twitter to comments John
Kerry made about technology’s role in combating climate change.<br>
-- Thunberg compared Kerry’s statements to the Marvel Avengers.<br>
-- Kerry cited scientific advice on how technological advances
will reduce carbon emissions.<br>
</blockquote>
Environmental activist Greta Thunberg is speaking out against John
Kerry, after an interview in which the U.S. climate envoy expressed
optimism that technological advances will help reduce emissions and
people won’t have to change certain behaviors to achieve some
climate goals. <br>
<br>
In a Sunday interview with the BBC, Kerry said technology that has
yet to be invented will most likely play a large role in combating
climate change — and people won’t have to "give up a quality of life
to achieve some of the things we want to achieve."<br>
<br>
America is changing faster than ever! Add Changing America to your
Facebook or Twitter feed to stay on top of the news.<br>
<br>
"I am told by scientists, not by anybody in politics but by
scientists, that 50% of the reductions we have to make to get to net
zero by 2050 or 2045, as soon as we can, 50 percent of those
reductions are going to come from technologies that we don't yet
have," Kerry said.<br>
<br>
"That's just a reality," he added. "And people who are realistic
about this understand that's part of the challenge."<br>
<br>
Thunberg took offense to Kerry's implication that people do not have
to change their lifestyles or consumption habits to help fight
climate change...<br>
- -<br>
Thunberg has spoken out against world leaders in the past. The
18-year-old Swedish activist gave an emotional speech at the United
Nations in 2019, saying “how dare you,” and expressing how leaders’
empty words and lack of action have stolen her dreams and childhood.
<br>
<br>
Thunberg also retweeted a response to Kerry from climate scientist
Michael Mann...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://thehill.com/changing-america/sustainability/climate-change/554168-greta-thunberg-blasts-john-kerry-over-global">https://thehill.com/changing-america/sustainability/climate-change/554168-greta-thunberg-blasts-john-kerry-over-global</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>[French in a pickle souffle ]<br>
<b>Going Green, or Greenwashing? A Proposed Climate Law Divides
France.</b><br>
Emmanuel Macron’s credentials as a leader on climate issues are
being tested as business and environmental groups spar over
changes to the French way of life...<br>
By Liz Alderman and Constant Méheut<br>
May 19, 2021<br>
PARIS — Less meat in French cafeterias. Bans on short-distance
flights. Gas heaters on cafe terraces would be outlawed.<br>
<br>
As President Emmanuel Macron moves to make France a global
champion in the fight against climate change, a wide-ranging
environmental bill passed by the French National Assembly this
month promises to change the way the French live, work and
consume.<br>
<br>
It would require more vegetarian meals at state-funded canteens,
block expansion of France’s airports and curb wasteful plastics
packaging. Polluters could be found guilty of “ecocide,” a new
offense carrying jail terms of up to 10 years for destroying the
environment. If Mr. Macron gets his way, the fight against climate
change would even be enshrined in the French constitution through
a referendum.<br>
<br>
But those lofty ambitions are running into a barrage of
resistance.<br>
<br>
Environmentalists and politicians from France’s Green party,
rather than backing the legislation, have accused Mr. Macron’s
government of watering down ambitious measures and putting
corporate interests above tough proposals by a 150-person
“citizens climate panel,” which Mr. Macron himself convened last
year to address climate concerns...<br>
- -<br>
France’s influential business federations, meanwhile, have joined
forces to push back against what they view as overregulation and
job-killing populism that could threaten their ability to recover
from the economic blow of the Covid-19 pandemic...<br>
- -<br>
Mr. Macron has sought to burnish his image as a champion of the
Paris accord ever since former President Donald Trump withdrew the
United States from the agreement in 2017. The same day, a defiant
Mr. Macron rebuked the American president, riffing off Mr. Trump’s
campaign slogan as he declared from the Élysée Palace that he
wanted to “make the planet great again.”<br>
<br>
Since then, European countries have enacted laws to cut greenhouse
gas emissions at least 40 percent by 2030 compared to 1990 levels.
The European Union agreed to a new 55 percent reduction target in
December...<br>
- -<br>
But Mr. Macron has had to walk a tightrope between addressing
climate change and economic insecurity since the Yellow Vest
movement exploded across France in late 2018. Those violent
protests began as a grass roots rebellion among working class
people after the government raised taxes on gasoline and diesel to
fight global warming.<br>
Mr. Macron attempted to defuse the anger by setting up the
Citizens’ Climate Convention, a panel of randomly selected people
from across France tasked with formulating proposals, with the
help of experts, for ambitious climate legislation balanced with
economic fairness.<br>
<br>
The climate bill, which now heads to the conservatively-led Senate
for debate in June, stems largely from those proposals. It
prohibits domestic flights for journeys that can be made by train
in less than 2.5 hours (unless they connect to an international
flight). Outdoor gas heaters used to warm cafe patrons would be
banned beginning next April.<br>
<br>
Supermarkets will have to reduce wasteful plastics packaging,
while clothing and other goods would carry an “ecoscore” of their
environmental impact. Landlords won’t be allowed to rent poorly
insulated properties, and advertising for fossil fuel energy, like
gasoline, would be phased out.<br>
<br>
Business groups have zeroed in on certain measures that they say
amount to costly overregulation. They have also cast doubt on the
wisdom of having citizens propose climate change policy.<br>
The main employers lobby, the Movement of the Enterprises of
France, or Medef, which represents France’s biggest corporations,
went through the citizens’ group’s proposals line by line,
highlighting those considered to be the harshest and recommending
softened versions of the text, according to the Journal du
Dimanche, a weekly newspaper.<br>
<br>
Medef was especially opposed to making “ecocide,” — defined as
deliberate and lasting pollution — a crime. Geoffroy Roux de
Bézieux, Medef’s president, told a Senate panel that his members
worried that it would stigmatize business and penalize economic
activity. He said lawmakers, not random citizens, should write
laws.<br>
<br>
Tougher rules could also hobble companies weakened by the
pandemic, François Asselin, president of the Confederation of
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, told the panel. “So be careful
not to bring them to their knees with too-restrictive measures,”
he said...<br>
- -<br>
In response, the government said that the modified measures,
combined with other climate change regulations passed since 2017,
would allow it to meet the goals. But another independent study
commissioned by the government, by the Boston Consulting Group,
concluded that France would fall short even in the best-case
scenario.<br>
And last week, the French Senate, dominated by opposition
conservatives, replaced language that would have the constitution
“guarantee” the fight against climate change with wording stating
that France would “protect” the climate.<br>
<br>
Daniel Boy, a political scientist at Sciences Po university in
Paris, said that environmentalism “was not really part of Macron’s
DNA.” But he added that Mr. Macron had favored a “pragmatic
ecology” made of small steps and concrete measures, reflecting a
liberal electorate sensitive to economic interests, and had
opposed “a more radical ecology” with wide-ranging changes.<br>
<br>
That cautious approach is what has drawn the ire of many climate
activists — and pulled protesters back into the streets.<br>
<br>
Ms. Étienne, the activist, said the climate bill in its current
form amounted to a “betrayal” of the citizens’ convention’s
proposals and a wasted opportunity for Mr. Macron.<br>
“They had the science, the people, the political moment,” she
said.<br>
<br>
“To deliberately lack the will and fall for industry lobbies now —
I can’t think of any other word than betrayal.”<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/19/business/macron-france-climate-bill.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/19/business/macron-france-climate-bill.html</a>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[closer look at clouds]<br>
<b>Scientists aren’t sure what will happen to clouds as the planet
warms</b><br>
Why clouds are one of the greatest sources of uncertainty for
climate change.<br>
By Umair Irfan May 19, 2021<br>
<br>
What is a cloud? At the smallest scale, it’s simple: just moisture
condensed onto a tiny particle — a speck of dust, a grain of pollen,
salt spray from the ocean, or a mote of soot.<br>
<br>
But as soon as more than one of these cloud droplets get together,
things get chaotic, quickly. Scientists describe clouds as an
emergent phenomenon, where smaller constituent parts give rise to
sophisticated, self-organized patterns, like a school of fish
swimming together or a murmuration of starlings.<br>
<br>
This chaos is why clouds are so difficult to predict. But the
consequences of this inability to see through clouds go beyond
sunshine and shade; it’s also obscuring our understanding of climate
change.<br>
<br>
“How clouds change determines how warm it gets in response to a
certain amount of greenhouse gas forcing,” said Angeline
Pendergrass, an assistant professor of atmospheric science at
Cornell University. And the stakes of how this relationship plays
out are high.<br>
<br>
Whether a given area sees more rainfall, drought, heating, or
cooling in the coming years hinges on what kinds of clouds are
present. And right now, scientists are still struggling to
understand how this will unfold. Part of this is due to a lack of
data about the myriad cloud varieties that are out there, part is
due to a lack of computing power, and part is due to a spotty
historical record...<br>
- -<br>
Why clouds are clouding our picture of climate change<br>
The largest source of uncertainty in our understanding of the future
under climate change is what humans will do.<br>
<br>
After that, it’s clouds.<br>
<br>
The basic mechanism of climate change is pretty simple:
Heat-trapping gases such as carbon dioxide are emitted into the
atmosphere as humans burn fossil fuels and damage natural stores of
carbon. The more greenhouse gases accumulate in the atmosphere, the
more the planet heats up.<br>
<br>
So, how much people actually work to curb fossil fuels and reduce
greenhouse gas emissions will radically shape how much Earth warms
up in the coming century.<br>
<br>
Of course, there’s more to climate change than the planet heating up
by a couple degrees. Not every part of the world is warming at the
same rate, and a shift in the average temperature has important
knock-on effects, like melting ice, rising sea levels, and weather
events pushed to greater extremes.<br>
<br>
These effects are what end up being the most consequential aspects
of climate change for humans, altering where we can live, how much
food we can grow, and whether we can continue to afford our
lifestyles.<br>
<br>
Clouds are critical to all of these impacts, but how they factor in
can be complicated and confusing.<br>
<br>
They behave as distinct units with unique properties, spreading out
into thin layers or piling up into heaps, rising or falling in the
sky. And when it comes to the climate, one of the most significant
attributes of clouds is they can either cool an area or trap heat...<br>
- -<br>
“The way in which they behave depends on where they sit in the
atmosphere,” said Scott Collis, an atmospheric scientist at Argonne
National Laboratory. The puffy cumulus clouds at low altitudes, for
instance, tend to bounce sunlight back into space, increasing the
albedo, or reflectiveness, of the Earth. That has a cooling effect.
Wispy, high-altitude cirrus clouds, on the other hand, bounce back
infrared radiation coming up from the ground, warming the surface.
And many clouds can do both, to varying degrees.<br>
<br>
Now the entire planet is warming up, and for every degree Celsius
the air warms, it can absorb about 7 percent more water. More water
in the air could lead to more clouds, but which ones? Another effect
to consider are feedbacks. The heat-trapping clouds could amplify
the warming caused by greenhouse gases, leading to more water
evaporation and creating even more of these clouds.<br>
<br>
And the effects aren’t uniform across the world; some places may see
far more reflective clouds while others may experience more warming
clouds, and others still may see more, or less, of both. How these
effects align will change how the planet warms in the coming decades
and the practical consequences thereof.<br>
<br>
“If we overestimate the degree to which clouds cool the planet in
response to greenhouse gas forcing, then we’ll underestimate how
warm it gets in response to certain amounts of greenhouse gases,”
Pendergrass said...<br>
- -<br>
Figuring this out is difficult because scientists have only recently
been able to sharpen their picture of clouds. Ground-based radar and
satellite images have helped researchers gain insight into the broad
patterns of clouds across the planet, while weather balloons and
aircraft have yielded narrow but detailed pictures of their inner
workings.<br>
<br>
But many of these techniques have only been deployed in the past
half-century. Prior to that, observations of clouds were far more
coarse. And unlike historical changes in temperature and rainfall,
which can leave behind clues in sediment, ice cores, tree rings, and
rocks dating back millenia, clouds have a light footprint. There are
no cloud fossils.<br>
<br>
So if scientists want to understand what clouds were like before the
industrial revolution — before humans started pumping greenhouse
gases and pollution into the sky in gargantuan quantities — they
have to examine historical observations: weather logs, nautical
records, and even art and literature. However, with such a blurry
picture of the past, it’s harder to see into the future.<br>
<br>
Clouds can be too complicated for computers<br>
Observations of clouds are then fed into climate models. But
computer models also struggle to understand clouds. “The big
question for climate models is, what are the combinations going to
be going forward?” Collis said.<br>
<br>
There are two general approaches to clouds in climate models:
top-down and bottom-up. Top-down simulations can model the whole
planet and apply forcings, like different concentrations of carbon
dioxide, and seeing what happens over time, zooming into different
regions.<br>
<br>
Other simulations start at the microscopic level of droplets and
aerosols and then scale up. The problem is that clouds lie right in
between these two approaches — too small and ephemeral to be
captured in most global climate simulations and too complicated for
computers to assemble from their constituent parts. So clouds tend
to be represented in an oversimplified way in computer models.<br>
<br>
“We have to understand what’s happening on these tiny, tiny scales
that you need a microscope to see, all the way to the scale of the
entire planet,” said Pendergrass. “All of those things are relevant
to the problem. So trying to make a computer model that does that is
not computationally feasible to do in any kind of direct way.”<br>
<br>
Despite the challenges, scientists are making progress and filling
in uncertainties about the future of the planet.<br>
<br>
For instance, researchers last year published a new estimate for
boundaries of climate sensitivity for the first time in decades.
Climate sensitivity refers to how much the planet is expected to
warm in response to a doubling of carbon dioxide concentrations in
the atmosphere compared to pre-industrial levels. It’s a critical
metric used to refine models of climate change. A better
understanding of clouds and their feedback into the climate system
was a big reason why they were able to narrow their predictions.<br>
<br>
But scientists don’t have decades to come up with their next round
of refinements, and the current pace of advances in the field is
excruciatingly slow. “We’re going to see a substantial amount of
global warming before we can model the clouds scaled globally,”
Pendergrass said.<br>
<br>
So in the meantime, scientists are painstakingly piecing together
records from the past, observations from the present, and models of
the future to get a sharper picture of the cloudy skies.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.vox.com/22430792/cloud-science-mystery-unexplainable-podcast-climate-change">https://www.vox.com/22430792/cloud-science-mystery-unexplainable-podcast-climate-change</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[Goes around, went around]<br>
<b>How wildfires affect climate change — and vice versa</b><br>
May 18, 2021<br>
Carly Phillips<br>
Researcher in Residence<br>
As the 2021 wildfire season begins to unfold, the memories of past
seasons linger — in the lungs of people, in the communities and
landscapes that burned and in the atmosphere, where greenhouse gases
from wildfires continue to warm our planet.<br>
- - <br>
As the consequences from 20th-century forest management play out,
people keep modifying fire regimes by unintentionally igniting fires
and developing previously wild areas. By continuing to burn fossil
fuels, humans further exacerbate climate change and fire risk,
independent of forest management.<br>
<br>
How do wildfires alter the carbon sink?<br>
Further complicating the grim picture of wildfires is the growing
expectation among governments and policy-makers that forests and
trees will counterbalance and offset our continued fossil fuel use.
Increasingly severe and large wildfires could derail that plan.<br>
<br>
Most forests are carbon sinks, meaning they take up more carbon than
they release, with the amount of carbon taken up varying with age.
As plants photosynthesize, they take carbon dioxide out of the
atmosphere and integrate it into their leaves, roots and biomass.
Over time, this leads to large carbon stocks in forests, stored in
vegetation and importantly, soils. In cold, high-latitude
environments, even more carbon is stored in permafrost soils.<br>
<br>
Fires, along with other disturbances, release this carbon into the
atmosphere, reducing the carbon stocks that have built up over time.
Wildfires can also initially reduce a forest’s capacity to pull
carbon out of the atmosphere, also called “sink strength.” Severe
fires can inhibit forest regrowth and can change the species
composition of the forest. Altogether, wildfires increase the amount
of carbon leaving forests and can decrease the amount coming in.<br>
<br>
The wildfire season forecast<br>
While predicting the intensity of fire seasons isn’t foolproof and
has its own limitations, many regions in Canada and the U.S. face a
greater than average risk for fires this summer, according to
predictions. Extreme drought is occurring across the western U.S.
and the Canadian Prairie provinces, the effects of which are
reflected in the elevated fire risk predicted for those same coastal
and southwestern areas.<br>
- -<br>
Despite these projections, wildfires aren’t an anomaly, and for many
landscapes, they’re a critical process that maintains ecosystem
health. But the wildfires of the past burn differently than the
wildfires of the present, and now humans and wildlife are at great
risk.<br>
<br>
Humans, however, can also intervene to interrupt this cycle, with
practices like prescribed burning and forest thinning that can
increase forest resilience. This is an active area of research and
many scientists, including a team from Canada and the U.S., are
working to develop scientifically sound interventions.<br>
<br>
Climate change doesn’t operate like an on/off switch, meaning
wildfires aren’t part of a “new normal.” We are experiencing the
effects of climate change, but they will neither be consistent nor
uniform. Rather, climate change is like a slide and, when it comes
to wildfires, we are quickly spiralling downward.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://theconversation.com/how-wildfires-affect-climate-change-and-vice-versa-158688">https://theconversation.com/how-wildfires-affect-climate-change-and-vice-versa-158688</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[The National Review is down the hall, on the right]<br>
<b>Army Prioritizes Climate Change as ‘Serious Threat’ to National
Security</b><br>
By CAROLINE DOWNEY<br>
May 17, 2021 9:24 PM<br>
In a memo released Friday, the U.S. Army announced that it now
classifies climate change as a “serious threat to U.S. national
security interests and defense objectives.” The statement
subsequently signaled the military’s intention to prioritize
combatting climate change with new risk analyses, threat
projections, installation and natural-resource planning,
supply-chain procurement considerations, and general strategy.<br>
The statement added that the effects of climate change can induce
“humanitarian disasters, undermine weak governments and contribute
to long-term social and economic disruptions.”<br>
<br>
“The Army has a lot to be proud of, yet there is a lot of work to
continue to operate efficiently across extreme weather and climate
conditions,” the memo read.<br>
<br>
To prepare for and mitigate the fallout from the Earth’s warming,
the Army plans to conduct “in-depth assessments of likely climate
change effects on the Army’s worldwide missions,” while also working
to “lead the way in technology development for tactical vehicles
that balances increased capability with decreased climate impacts.”<br>
<br>
The Army’s policy change comes after the Biden administration
signaled its commitment to fighting the climate crisis as a
national-security threat. In April, Secretary of Defense Lloyd J.
Austin III called climate change an “existential threat.”<br>
<br>
“From coast to coast and across the world, the climate crisis has
caused substantial damage and put people in danger, making it more
difficult for us to carry out our mission of defending the United
States and our allies,” Austin commented at the Leaders Summit on
Climate.<br>
<br>
At the conference, the secretary shared that Biden had charged the
United States’ 18 intelligence organizations with drafting a
National Intelligence Estimate detailing the national-security
implications of climate change.<br>
<br>
“We in the Department of Defense are committed to doing our part,
from increasing the energy efficiency of our platforms and
installations, to deploying clean distributed generation and energy
storage, to electrifying our own vehicle fleets,” he said.<br>
<br>
Austin emphasized the need to forge a new economic sector and global
infrastructure for clean energy that is sustainable and renewable.
He confirmed that other allies and strategic partners are
collaborating with the United States in meeting the challenge.<br>
<br>
“We’re not alone,” he said.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nationalreview.com/news/army-prioritizes-climate-change-as-serious-threat-to-national-security/">https://www.nationalreview.com/news/army-prioritizes-climate-change-as-serious-threat-to-national-security/</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<br>
[Digging back into the internet news archive]<br>
<font size="+1"><b>On this day in the history of global warming May
20, 2001 </b></font><br>
New York Times columnist Maureen Dowd summarizes the
anti-conservation mentality of the George W. Bush administration:<br>
<blockquote>"We'll bake the earth. We'll brown & serve it, sauté
it, simmer it, sear it, fondue it, George-Foreman-grill it. (We
invented the Foreman grill.) We might one day bring the earth to a
boil and pull it like taffy. (We invented taffy.)<br>
<br>
"If rising seas obliterate the coasts, our marine geologists will
sculpt new ones and Hollywood will get bright new ideas for
disaster movies. If we get charred by the sun, our dermatologists
will replace our skin.<br>
<br>
"If the globe gets warmer, we'll turn up the air-conditioning. (We
invented air-conditioning.) We'll drive faster in our gigantic,
air-conditioned cars to the new beaches that our marine geologists
create.<br>
<br>
"We will let our power plants spew any chemicals we deem necessary
to fire up our Interplaks, our Krups, our Black & Deckers and
our Fujitsu Plasmavisions.<br>
<br>
"We will drill for oil whenever and wherever we please. If
tourists don't like rigs off the coast of Florida, they can go fly
fishing in Wyoming. We won't be deterred by a few Arctic terns. We
don't care about caribou. We don't care for cardigans. Give us our
69 degrees, winter and summer. Let there be light -- no timers, no
freaky-shaped long-life bulbs. (We invented the light bulb.)<br>
<br>
"We want our refrigerators cold and our freezers colder. Bring on
the freon. Banish those irritating toilets that restrict flow.
When we flush, we flush all the way.<br>
<br>
"We will perfect the dream of nuclear power. We will put our toxic
waste wherever we want, whenever we waste it. We have whole states
with nothing better to do than serve as ancestral burial grounds
for our effluvium. It can fester in those wide open spaces for
thousands of years."<br>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/20/opinion/liberties-drill-grill-and-chill.html?pagewanted=print">http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/20/opinion/liberties-drill-grill-and-chill.html?pagewanted=print</a>
<br>
<br>
================= also from 2013 =======================<br>
May 20, 2013: The US Supreme Court refuses to hear an appeal of the
9th US Circuit Court of Appeals' decision in the Kivalina v.
ExxonMobil case, effectively ending one effort to hold fossil fuel
companies legally accountable for carbon pollution.<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://environblog.jenner.com/corporate_environmental_l/2013/05/high-court-refuses-to-take-up-kivalina-climate-suit.html">http://environblog.jenner.com/corporate_environmental_l/2013/05/high-court-refuses-to-take-up-kivalina-climate-suit.html</a>
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