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<p><i><font size="+1"><b>July 4 , 2021</b></font></i></p>
[Holiday vacation places]<br>
<b>Climate Change Is Driving Jarring Changes at Yellowstone National
Park</b><br>
Temperatures are likely the warmest they’ve been in 800,000 years.<br>
- -<br>
Since 1950, the iconic park has experienced a host of changes caused
by human-driven global warming, including decreased snowpack,
shorter winters and longer summers, and a growing risk of wildfires.
These changes, as well as projected changes as the planet continues
to warm this century, are laid out in a just-released climate
assessment that was years in the making. The report examines the
impacts of climate change not only in the park, but also in the
Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem—an area 10 times the size of the park
itself.<br>
- -<br>
The current conditions do have some historical precedent. In the
last 10,000 years, Yellowstone has experienced periods of dryness
equal to or greater than present, said Whitlock.<br>
<br>
Electric Peak in Yellowstone National Park. Snowfall in the
Yellowstone region has declined as a result of climate change. Neal
Herbert/National Park Service<br>
“That’s a lens to look at the past,” said Shuman, who once trekked
the 3,000-mile Continental Divide Trail to get a sense of the land.
“If you add just a few degrees, you fundamentally alter things. When
you walk across these high mountains, you can see they used to be
covered in glaciers. It’s like walking in the ruins of Ancient Rome.
That Ice Age world was only 5- to 7-degrees F colder than the
pre-industrial era.”<br>
<br>
“The water in those mountains is the water supply of the West and
it’s drying up,” said Shuman.<br>
<br>
In Yellowstone, the threat to human health and livelihoods may be
the strongest incentive to take steps to soften the blows from
climate change.<br>
<br>
“Water is the thing everyone is most concerned about, and in
general, people are receptive,” said Shuman. “Our economic future
depends on adjusting.”<br>
<br>
Just how the residents of the Greater Yellowstone Area will adapt is
an open question, but researchers say that acknowledging the myriad
problems that are now daily realities for many, from ranchers to
anglers, is the first step toward a productive dialogue.<br>
<br>
As the West experiences a growth surge, Cam Sholly, Yellowstone
National Park’s superintendent, writes in the report that “the
strength of local and regional economies” hangs in the balance if no
steps are taken to rein in global warming.<br>
<br>
Said Whitlock of Montana State, “When you think about the
temperature curve that looks like a hockey stick, my parents pretty
much lived on the flat part of the curve, I’m on the base, and my
grandkids are going to be on the steep part. Our trajectory depends
on what we do about greenhouse gases now. By 2040, 2050, we can
flatten the curve. But the business-as-usual trajectory, 10 to 11
degrees of warming in Yellowstone and much of the West—what we do in
the next decade is critical.”<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2021/07/warming-climate-change-yellowstone-national-park/">https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2021/07/warming-climate-change-yellowstone-national-park/</a><br>
[Read the report at
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.dropbox.com/s/21wcfj85mb4oemm/GYCA%20Report.pdf?dl=0">https://www.dropbox.com/s/21wcfj85mb4oemm/GYCA%20Report.pdf?dl=0</a> ]<br>
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<p><br>
</p>
[briefing and video discussion]<br>
<b>Robert Hunziker: Post-doom with Michael Dowd</b><br>
Dec 14, 2020<br>
thegreatstory<br>
Title: "Abrupt Climate Change: The World Tour" -- Recorded in
October 2020, this conversation with award-winning, prophetic (my
word) journalist, Robert Hunziker, is a basic primer -- a
fundamental education -- on the exponential, runaway, out of our
control nature of Abrupt Climate Change...looking at the latest
evidence region-by-region: Antarctica, Australia, Amazon rain
forest, Oceans, Greenland, and Arctic. Warning: this is sobering
(perhaps un-sobering :-) stuff!<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CfzWBNLTf6I">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CfzWBNLTf6I</a><br>
jump in here -- <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://youtu.be/CfzWBNLTf6I?t=1255">https://youtu.be/CfzWBNLTf6I?t=1255</a><br>
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</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[history damns the present]<br>
<b>The scientists hired by big oil who predicted the climate crisis
long ago</b><br>
Experts’ discoveries lie at the heart of two dozen lawsuits that
hope to hold the industry accountable for devastating damage<br>
Emma Pattee - Fri 2 Jul 2021 <br>
<br>
As early as 1958, the oil industry was hiring scientists and
engineers to research the role that burning fossil fuels plays in
global warming. The goal at the time was to help the major oil
conglomerates understand how changes in the earth’s atmosphere may
affect the industry – and their bottom line. But what top executives
gained was an early preview of the climate crisis, decades before
the issue reached public consciousness.<br>
<br>
What those scientists discovered – and what the oil companies did
with that information – is at the heart of two dozen lawsuits
attempting to hold the fossil fuel industry responsible for their
role in climate change. Many of those cases hinge on the industry’s
own internal documents that show how, 40 years ago, researchers
predicted the rising global temperatures with stunning accuracy. But
looking back, many of those same scientists say they were hardly
whistleblowers out to take down big oil.<br>
- -<br>
The Guardian tracked down three of those scientists to see how they
view their role today.<br>
- -<br>
<b>Dr Martin Hoffert, 83, physicist and Exxon consultant from 1981
to 1987...</b><br>
- -<br>
Back in 1980, there was a guy working for Exxon and he was one of
the inventors of the lithium battery, which electric cars now use.
This guy won the Nobel prize in chemistry for his work on lithium
batteries. Just imagine if Exxon management had taken our prediction
seriously! They could have easily built huge factories to make
lithium batteries to facilitate the transition to electric cars.
Instead, they fired this guy. They shut down all their energy work.
And they started funding climate deniers.<br>
<br>
Very often people will ask me: “How much time do we have left before
we can prevent this problem?” We don’t have any time left. It’s
already happening...<br>
<b>Ken Croasdale, 82, researcher and engineer at Imperial Oil from
1968 to 1992</b><br>
<br>
Climate research wasn’t a big deal for the company, at that time.
There was a lot of uncertainty, so people would shrug their
shoulders a little bit. You’d say, “you need to look at this,” and
they’d say “maybe we do, maybe we don’t.” It wasn’t looming big as
an issue at that time...<br>
- -<br>
<b>Steve Lonergan, 71, Exxon consultant from 1989 to 1990</b><br>
<br>
At that time, the models were very general, but they did give you a
sense that the farther north you go, the greater the warming is
going to be. And the main reason for that is that the ice will melt
ice. The question was, “What does it mean in terms of permafrost?
What does it mean for ice breakup?”...<br>
<br>
But if you get extremes with above-freezing temperatures in January,
that poses a problem for food supply. We did some modeling and our
conclusion was that if CO2 levels doubled, the probability was 50%
that on any given day in January, a place that was normally -32
degrees would actually get above freezing.<br>
<br>
Six or seven years later, every day for two weeks was above
freezing, and all the reindeer meat thawed out. I didn’t expect it
would happen that quickly. That was the biggest shock...<br>
more at -
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/jul/02/scientists-climate-crisis-big-oil-climate-crimes">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/jul/02/scientists-climate-crisis-big-oil-climate-crimes</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
[No spark 4th]<br>
<b>Exceptional drought and extreme heat: The fire risk in the West
has never been seen before</b><br>
BY JIM WHITTINGTON, OPINION CONTRIBUTOR — 07/03/21...<br>
Wildland fires are all about ignitions. Without ignitions, there are
no fires regardless of how severe the conditions are. Unfortunately,
the number of human ignitions across the United States doubles every
July 4 and in some regions of the West, that number is three to four
times the average. Fireworks-caused starts are the main reason for
the increased numbers. We also know that there are usually two or
three dry lightning storms across Northern California and parts of
the Pacific Northwest each summer. We should not still be fighting
preventable fires started by fireworks when the lightning comes.<br>
This Independence Day, conditions across the West are extreme and
set up for rapid large fire growth. We are currently in the middle
of a record-shattering heatwave across the Northwest and Canada. In
the West, 90 percent of the region is in drought with over half the
region in extreme to exceptional drought. According to the National
Interagency Fire Center’s monthly Fire Potential Outlook, this is
“the most expansive and intense drought for the West this century.”
There is no relief in sight until the winter weather finally takes
hold and that will provide only a brief respite before we head into
Fire Year 2022.<br>
<br>
Wildland firefighting is hard work and fatigue is cumulative, as is
the stress that comes from being the only hope between a community
and a fire. Hiking steep slopes with heavy packs and tools like a
chainsaw or a Pulaski demands tremendous physical exertion — and
that is just to get to where the work starts. Fourteen straight days
of fireline construction while sleeping in a bag on the ground takes
a toll. Do it for five months or more and it may take even the most
well-conditioned firefighter several weeks just to recover
physically and cough the smoke out of their airways. Lightning will
start more than enough fires to exhaust firefighters this year.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://thehill.com/opinion/energy-environment/561458-exceptional-drought-and-extreme-heat-the-fire-risk-in-the-west-has">https://thehill.com/opinion/energy-environment/561458-exceptional-drought-and-extreme-heat-the-fire-risk-in-the-west-has</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[climate explained -- heatwaves, summer flooding and persistent
weather patterns ]<br>
<b>Climate Podcast: Jennifer Francis | Abrupt cooling in the Arctic?</b><br>
Dec 8, 2020<br>
Nick Breeze<br>
Download: Why has no new record-minimum Arctic sea-ice extent
occurred since September 2012?
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abc047">https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abc047</a><br>
<br>
Podcast info: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://climateseries.com/climate-change-podcast">https://climateseries.com/climate-change-podcast</a><br>
<br>
In this episode of Shaping The Future, we discuss the abrupt cooling
of the Arctic in the late summer months that is preventing the
widely anticipated further collapse of summer sea ice, whilst
intensifying heatwaves at lower latitudes.<br>
<br>
This new hypothesis was recently published by Professor Jennifer
Francis from the Woodwell Climate Research Centre in Falmouth,
Massachusetts and Dr Wu from Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic
Sciences, and Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University,
in Shanghai.<br>
<br>
It is not often anyone ever mentions negative feedback mechanisms
when it comes to sea ice but this is exactly what is being
suggested. <br>
<br>
Jennifer Francis has also been involved in research that links sea
ice loss to changes in jet stream patterns that impact our weather
in the northern hemisphere, and this work further unpicks the
complexity of how the Arctic climate system interacts with the rest
of the world.<br>
<br>
Thank you for listening to this podcast. In the next episode, I will
be speaking with Dr Saima Wazed, who is the thematic ambassador of
the Climate Vulnerable Forum representing Bangladesh.<br>
<br>
Dr Wazed discusses how extreme climate events can render people
immediately vulnerable from a mental health perspective as they
struggle to come to terms with the losses that these incur from
livelihoods to suffering the loss of loved ones or both.<br>
<br>
A link to Dr’s Wu and Francis scientific paper is provided in the
notes below.<br>
<br>
Download: Why has no new record-minimum Arctic sea-ice extent
occurred since September 2012?<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10">https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10</a>...<br>
<p>- -</p>
[The research paper]<br>
<b>Why has no new record-minimum Arctic sea-ice extent occurred
since September 2012?</b><br>
Jennifer A Francis and Bingyi Wu<br>
Abstract<br>
<blockquote>One of the clearest indicators of human-caused climate
change is the rapid decline in Arctic sea ice. The summer minimum
coverage is now approximately half of its extent only 40 yr ago.
Four records in the minimum extent were broken since 2000, the
most recent occurring in September 2012. No new records have been
set since then, however, owing to an abrupt atmospheric shift
during each August/early-September that brought low sea-level
pressure, cloudiness, and unfavorable wind conditions for ice
reduction. While random variability could be the cause, we
identify a recently increased prevalence of a characteristic
large-scale atmospheric pattern over the northern hemisphere. This
pattern is associated not only with anomalously low pressure over
the Arctic during summer, but also with frequent heatwaves over
East Asia, Scandinavia, and northern North America, as well as the
tendency for a split jet stream over the continents. This
jet-stream configuration has been identified as favoring extreme
summer weather events in northern mid-latitudes. We propose a
mechanism linking these features with diminishing spring snow
cover on northern-hemisphere continents that acts as a negative
feedback on the loss of Arctic sea ice during summer.<br>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abc047">https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abc047</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[you may read it in Russian, if you like]<br>
<b>Putin fears melting permafrost, but expresses doubt it is caused
by humans</b><br>
The Russian president underlines that melting ground in the Arctic
could have devastating effects on his country. But he remains
hesitant about the fact that it is provoked by human activity.<br>
ByAtle Staalesen - July 01, 2021<br>
It was another marathon press conference. In a well-staged show
Putin got telephone calls and questions from across the country
about the state of the nation, ranging from housing affairs in the
countryside, local jobs, and to relations with the abroad.<br>
<br>
On a question about ongoing environmental changes in the country,
Putin left no doubt that global warming could have detrimental
consequences. And he expressed special concern about the melting of
the permafrost.<br>
<br>
“Parts of our country, about 70 percent, are located in the north
[…] and we have settlements, infrastructure in the area, and if it
was all to melt it would have serious, very serious, social and
economic consequences,” the President underlined.<br>
<br>
“We have to get prepared for it,” he said.<br>
<br>
He also explained that parts of the country’s traditional
agricultural areas are experiencing draught and gradually could be
turned into desert land...<br>
But Putin appeared not ready to fully accept that climate change is
human-made. In the press conference, he made clear that not
everybody believes humans are behind global warming and that there
are natural periodical changes in climate across the planet.<br>
<br>
According to the President, “some people believe […] that an
irreversible process could set in which would turn our planet to a
condition similar to Venus where, as we know, the surface
temperature is about 500 °C.”<br>
<br>
The climate skepticism notwithstanding, Putin today increasingly
appears to acknowledge the serious challenges coming from climate
change and take climate action.<br>
<br>
In the press conference, he made clear that the federal government
is working on an action plan for handling of climate change, and
that Russia will take part in international efforts on capture of
CO2.<br>
<br>
The growing climate engagement was expressed also in Putin’s speech
in the recent international Climate Summit. In the presence of world
leaders, the Russian president underlined that “the fate of our
planet, the development perspectives of each country, the prosperity
and life quality of people, depends on the success of our
efforts.”...<br>
- -<br>
Speaking in the Arctic Forum in 2017, he underlined that climate
change is positive for Russian developments in the Arctic.<br>
<br>
“With climate change comes more favourable condition for
exploitation of this region for economical purposes,” he said and
pointed at the huge increase in shipping along the Northern Sea
Route.<br>
<br>
There is nothing to do about global warming, Putin argued.<br>
<br>
“I fully agree with the ones who consider that the question is not
about how to prevent it, because that is simply impossible, it could
be linked with some kind of global cycles on Earth or the planetary
system.”<br>
<br>
“The question now is all about adaptation,” Putin underlined.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/climate-crisis/2021/07/putin-fears-melting-permafrost-expresses-doubt-it-caused-humans">https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/climate-crisis/2021/07/putin-fears-melting-permafrost-expresses-doubt-it-caused-humans</a>
<p>- -<br>
</p>
[Siberian fires]<br>
<b>Kolyma highway in Yakutia, also known as the Road of Bones, is on
fire and temporarily shut</b><br>
By Svetlana Skarbo - 30 June 2021<br>
Elsewhere in Russia’s coldest region desperate authorities spike
clouds to induce rain and tame wildfires.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://siberiantimes.com/upload/information_system_52/7/9/8/item_7988/information_items_7988.jpg">https://siberiantimes.com/upload/information_system_52/7/9/8/item_7988/information_items_7988.jpg</a><br>
More than 2,000 people are deployed in extinguishing wildfires
raging around Russia’s coldest inhabited territory, Yakutia, now in
the third year of extremely intense season of wildfires. <br>
<br>
The first of them ignited as early as the beginning of May right
outside the world-famous Pole of Cold, the village of Oymyakon in
northeastern Yakutia known for its record low temperatures.<br>
<br>
Wildfires continued through May and June, with extra fire
extinguishing forces needing to be sent from other regions to help
republic’s own teams. <br>
<br>
Today Kolyma highway, the major road connecting republic’s capital
Yakutsk and the port town of Magadan on the Sea of Okhotsk, had to
be shut because the fire got too close to the road and was much too
fierce for safe driving.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://youtu.be/noFCcz_6H0c">https://youtu.be/noFCcz_6H0c</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://siberiantimes.com/other/others/news/kolyma-highway-in-yakutia-also-known-as-the-road-of-bones-is-on-fire-and-temporarily-shut/">https://siberiantimes.com/other/others/news/kolyma-highway-in-yakutia-also-known-as-the-road-of-bones-is-on-fire-and-temporarily-shut/</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[The news archive - looking back]<br>
<font size="+1"><b>On this day in the history of global warming July
4, 2011<br>
</b></font><br>
The Fox News Channel celebrates its independence from reality by
bringing on infamous climate-change denier Joe Bastardi to attack
those concerned about carbon pollution.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://mediamatters.org/blog/2011/07/06/fox-celebrates-july-4-by-trying-to-debunk-globa/180569">http://mediamatters.org/blog/2011/07/06/fox-celebrates-july-4-by-trying-to-debunk-globa/180569</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
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<p>/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------/</p>
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