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<font size="+2"><i><b>September 26, 2021</b></i></font><br>
<br>
<i>[top opinion in The Guardian]</i><br>
<b>The climate crisis has made the idea of a better future
impossible to imagine</b><br>
Ian Jack<i> </i>- Sept 25, 2021<br>
Writing in 2003, the American environmentalist Bill McKibben
observed that although “some small percentage” of scientists,
diplomats and activists had known for 15 years that the Earth was
facing a disastrous change, their knowledge had almost completely
failed to alarm anyone else.<br>
<br>
It certainly alarmed McKibben: in June 1988, the scientist James
Hansen testified to the US Congress that the world was warming
rapidly and human behaviour was the primary cause – the first loud
and unequivocal warning of the climate crisis to come – and before
the next year was out, McKibben had published The End of Nature, the
first book about climate change for a lay audience. But few others
seemed particularly worried. “People think about ‘global warming’ in
the way they think about ‘violence on television’ or ‘growing trade
deficits’, as a marginal concern to them, if a concern at all,” he
wrote in 2003. “Hardly anyone has fear in their guts.”<i>...</i><br>
- -<br>
It would be wrong, however, to confine the blame for our delayed
engagement to straightforward denialism. Recognising climate
breakdown as a possibly terminal crisis for civilisation led to the
difficulty of managing it inside our heads. As David Runciman,
professor of politics at Cambridge University, wrote six years ago:
“It’s hard to come up with a good analogy for climate change but
that doesn’t stop people from trying. We seem to want some way of
framing the problem that makes a decent outcome look less unlikely
than it often appears.” He listed the most common analogies: climate
was a “moonshot problem”, a “war mobilisation problem”, a “disease
eradication problem”. Beyond giving a notion of the effort required,
none worked; war, for instance, needed a clear enemy in view – and
in the climate crisis, Runciman wrote, “the enemy is us”. Analogies
offered a false comfort: “Just because we did all those things
doesn’t mean we can do this one.”<i>...</i><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/sep/25/climate-crisis-future-emergency">https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/sep/25/climate-crisis-future-emergency</a><br>
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</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ Yes 2020 was hot]</i><br>
<b>Reporting on the State of the Climate in 2020</b><br>
International report confirms 2020 was among three warmest years on
record<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/reporting-state-climate-2020">https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/reporting-state-climate-2020</a><br>
<p>- -</p>
<i>[ describing what is available]</i><br>
<b>State of the Climate</b><br>
An international, peer-reviewed publication released each summer,
the State of the Climate is the authoritative annual summary of the
global climate published as a supplement to the Bulletin of the
American Meteorological Society.<br>
The report, compiled by NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental
Information, is based on contributions from scientists from around
the world. It provides a detailed update on global climate
indicators, notable weather events, and other data collected by
environmental monitoring stations and instruments located on land,
water, ice, and in space...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.ametsoc.org/index.cfm/ams/publications/bulletin-of-the-american-meteorological-society-bams/state-of-the-climate/">https://www.ametsoc.org/index.cfm/ams/publications/bulletin-of-the-american-meteorological-society-bams/state-of-the-climate/</a><br>
<p>- -</p>
<i>[ a 12 page summary ]</i><br>
<b>A Look at 2020</b><b><br>
</b><b>Takeaway Points from the State of the Climate</b><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://ametsoc.net/sotc2020/Executive_Summary_2020_SoC.pdf">https://ametsoc.net/sotc2020/Executive_Summary_2020_SoC.pdf</a>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
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<i>[Prof Adam Fenech Univ of Prince Edward Island -- especially hear
the questions]</i><br>
<b>CLIMATE CHANGE - We're screwed! It is our fault! </b><b></b><b>It's
Gonna Get </b><b>Worse! There's Nothing We Can Do About it! </b><br>
Jun 30, 2021<br>
Canadian Association for the Club of Rome<br>
Topic: CLIMATE CHANGE: We’re screwed, it’s our fault, it’s going to
get worse, and there’s nothing we can do about it!<br>
Dr. Fenech has worked extensively in the area of climate change
since the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change First Assessment
Report in 1988.<br>
<br>
He has edited 8 books on climate change, most recently on Global
Climate Change, Biodiversity and Sustainability in the Middle East.
<br>
<br>
Dr. Fenech has worked for Harvard University researching the history
of the science/policy interfaces of climate change. He has
represented Canada at international climate negotiating sessions;
written climate policy speeches for Canadian Environment Ministers;
and authored Canadian reports on climate change to the United
Nations.<br>
<br>
Dr. Fenech has taught at the University of Toronto as well as the
Smithsonian Institution for over 20 years, and lectures regularly at
universities across Canada and around the world.<br>
<br>
Dr. Fenech shared in the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for his work with
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.<br>
<br>
He is presently the Director of the University of Prince Edward
Island’s Climate Research Lab that conducts research on the
vulnerability, impacts and adaptation to climate change, where his
virtual reality depiction of sea level rise has won international
awards including one from MIT for communicating coastal science.<br>
<br>
He maintains the largest fleet of drones at a Canadian university
including the largest drone in the country with a four metre
wingspan.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pKDjjX4v6Ds">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pKDjjX4v6Ds</a><br>
<p>[Conclusion: We're screwed! It is our fault! It's Gonna Get
Worse! There's <strike>Nothing</strike> Very Little that We Can
Do About it! ]<br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[it's mostly methane]<br>
<b>Could we be hitting natural gas limits already?</b><br>
Sept 25, 2021 by Gail Tverberg<br>
Many countries have assumed that natural gas imports will be
available for balancing electricity produced by intermittent wind
and solar, whenever they are needed. The high natural gas import
prices recently being encountered in Europe, and especially in the
UK, appear to be an indication of an underlying problem. Could the
world already be hitting natural gas limits?<br>
One reason few people expect a problem with natural gas is because
of the immense quantities reported as proven reserves. For all
countries combined, these reserves at December 31, 2020 were equal
to 48.8 times world natural gas production in 2020. Thus, in theory,
the world could continue to produce natural gas at the current rate
for almost 50 years, without even trying to to find more natural gas
resources.<br>
- -<br>
After the Great Recession, natural gas import prices tended to fall
below oil prices (Figure 5) except in Japan, where stability of
supply is very important. Another change was that an increasing
share of exported natural gas was sold in the “spot” market. These
prices fluctuate depending on changes in supply and demand, making
them much more variable...<br>
- -<br>
<b>[8] Conclusion. It is easy to be lulled into complacency by the
huge natural gas reserves that seem to be available.</b><br>
<br>
Unfortunately, it is necessary to build all of the infrastructure
that is required to extract natural gas resources and deliver them
to customers at a price that the customers can truly afford. At the
same time, the price needs to be acceptable to the organization
building the infrastructure.<br>
<br>
Of course, more debt or money created out of thin air doesn’t solve
the problem. Resources of many kinds need to be available to build
the required infrastructure. At the same time, wages of workers need
to be high enough that they can purchase the physical goods they
require, including food, clothing, housing and basic transportation.<br>
<br>
At this point, the problem with high prices is most noticeable is in
Europe, with its dependence on natural gas imports. Europe may just
be the “canary in the coal mine.” The problem has the potential to
spread to other natural gas prices and to other fossil fuel prices,
pushing the world economy toward recession.<br>
<br>
At a minimum, people planning the use of intermittent electricity
from wind or solar should not assume that reasonably priced natural
gas will always be available for balancing. One likely area for
shortfall will be winter, as well as storing up reserves for winter
(the problem affecting Europe now), since winter is when heating
needs are the highest and solar resources are the lowest.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://ourfiniteworld.com/2021/09/25/could-we-be-hitting-natural-gas-limits-already/">https://ourfiniteworld.com/2021/09/25/could-we-be-hitting-natural-gas-limits-already/</a><br>
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</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ Failure to protect others is an awful feeling ]</i><br>
<i><b>Six dogs sickened or dead near the Tri-Cities, all thought to
have recent contact with Columbia River</b></i><br>
Anna King (NW News Network) Sept. 17, 2021...<br>
- -<br>
“I caught a glimpse of her at the launch as they lifted her out of
the boat,” says Erin Dickey, of Richland, the adult daughter of the
dog’s owners Janet and Tony Ogden of Richland. “She was limp. Her
tongue was sticking out between her teeth and it was white. She
might have been gone at that point.”<br>
<br>
It took about less than an hour to get Charlie from the river’s edge
to a vet in Pasco, but by then she was dead.<br>
<br>
Since Monday five more pets have turned up sick or dead near the
Tri-Cities. All are believed to have had recent contact with
Columbia River water: Four have died. Two dogs were sickened, but
survived.<br>
<br>
The culprit? Toxic algae.<br>
<br>
<b>Richland Riverfront closed</b><br>
Health officials now have closed the river shore from the boat
launch at Howard Amon Park to the confluence of the Yakima River.
The closure came after river water sample results from a King County
lab showed the presence of Anatoxin-a — especially dangerous for
small children and animals.<br>
<br>
In a press release from Benton-Franklin Health District, officials
say: “People and animals are exposed by ingesting the water.
Symptoms appear within 15-20 minutes after ingestion depending upon
the size of the person/animal affected and the amount of toxins
consumed.<br>
<br>
Exposure in animals may result in weakness, staggering, difficulty
breathing, convulsions, and death.<br>
<br>
In people, signs may include numbness of the lips, tingling in
fingers and toes, and dizziness. Exposure to Anatoxin-a can be
fatal.”<br>
<br>
Officials also cautioned against eating fish caught near the
Columbia River algae bloom.<br>
<br>
Toxic algae is usually found in warm, slow moving water with
elevated nutrients, such as fertilizer. According to University of
Washington research scientist Ryan McCabe, Columbia River water
levels at its mouth are the lowest seen since at least 1991.<br>
<br>
“Data prior to that [1991] are pretty spotty, so not the greatest,”
McCabe said in an email.<br>
<br>
Record heat and widespread drought are likely playing a part,
according to the state Department of Ecology. Low-flow rivers are
acting more like lakes.<br>
<br>
While that stretch of the Columbia is normally fast-flowing, the
river and its tributaries are dammed from northern Washington, clear
to Bonneville.<br>
<br>
“The Columbia is a different beast,” McCabe says. “It’s a very
regulated river.”<br>
<br>
<b>So what are Cyanotoxins?</b><br>
Cyanotoxins are created by cyanobacteria, formally known as
blue-green algae. It’s the goopy scum by the river or lake shore
that comes in all sorts of colors.<br>
<br>
Rick Dawson, an investigator and manager with the Benton-Franklin
Health District, says sometimes it looks like paint has been
drizzled in a lake or pond.<br>
<br>
When a toxic algae blooms, it can create a toxin that kills pets,
fish, wildlife, and sickens adults and children. Animals and people
might even be able to breathe in the toxins — that’s under study.<br>
<br>
“An animal is more likely to drink in a green slimy puddle, or a
pond, or a contaminated source than a human would,” says Raelynn
Farnsworth, interim director of Washington State University’s
Veterinary Teaching Hospital. “It really depends on the exposure,
what kind of toxin has been produced, but we don’t know that by
looking visually. If you see a grossly contaminated pond, don’t let
them [pets] go there.”<br>
<br>
Farnsworth also says that the problem can be devastating because
it’s so quick — sometimes there’s no time to administer activated
charcoal and supportive care.<br>
<br>
“The faster they get them to the vet the better we are,” she says.
“But if they’ve [pets] already ingested it [toxins] and it’s already
absorbed there’s not much we can do.”<br>
<br>
Algae toxins aren’t regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency
for drinking water. Algae blooms are getting more common, which
means cities like Salem, Oregon, and Northwest states must come up
to speed quickly to control the substance in their drinking water
sources.<br>
<br>
Toxic algae blooms are mainly a problem from mid-July through
October, when the sunlight increases, the waters warm and nutrients
are available.<br>
<br>
As the climate continues to warm, the Northwest will likely see
lower snowpack levels, more hot dry springs and summers and more
toxic algae blooms in warmer waters.<br>
<br>
“There just isn’t enough staffing to deal with it,” says Joan Hardy,
a toxicologist with the Washington State Department of Health. “Some
local health jurisdictions are running on a thread — and they also
have COVID to deal with — they just need some funding to deal with
these blooms.”<br>
<b><br>
</b><b>Dead bats, fish and cattle</b><br>
Bats and perch have shown up dead at Pass Lake, near Deception Pass.
The lake also had very high readings of Anatoxin-a, a nerve toxin.
And the bats showed signs of the same toxins in their bodies when
they were examined and tested by state officials.<br>
<br>
In southern Washington, the state Department of Agriculture and
Oregon State University’s College of Veterinary Medicine have been
looking into a half-dozen cattle that died recently in Wahkiakum
County. The county borders the Columbia River. But it’s so-far
unclear if the animals died from a toxic algae exposure.<br>
<br>
“We [WSDA] were pulled in until it was determined not to be
associated with a livestock disease,” Hector Castro, with Washington
State’s Department of Agriculture said in a text.<br>
<br>
Signs along the Columbia River shore in the Tri-Cities had been few
and far between. Benton-Franklin Health District officials were
mainly focusing on high-use areas and boat launches, but there were
no signs yet in Spanish, Russian, German or other languages
frequently heard near the river shore. And despite one sign attached
low on a park bench near the City of Richland’s swim beach in north
Richland, many swimmers with small children questioned there, were
unaware there was any potential problem.<br>
<br>
However, the state legislature and state Department of Health have
funding to develop, print and distribute new signs across Washington
to warn of toxic algae. Hardy says some 1,700 signs have been
printed up and are being dispersed now across the state for use on
bloom events.<br>
<br>
<b>How to stay safe</b><br>
A common refrain with regard to toxic algae is: “When in doubt, stay
out.”<br>
<br>
Officials advise people to carefully inspect any water source
they’re about to fish in, play near or enter. Even then, toxins can
hide, collect in only one side of a water body or be hidden in
sneaky algae mats under the surface.<br>
<br>
In the Benton-Franklin press release officials warn that fish can
accumulate toxin in their bodies — especially in their organs.
Officials advise caution when eating fish caught near this bloom on
the Columbia River.<br>
<br>
Dog owners are encouraged to bring their own water sources for their
animals to drink when hiking or hunting. Dogs can also lick toxins
off their fur. And people should shower after swimming in a lake,
stream, pond — as some compounds can cause a rash on skin. Small
children and pets are especially vulnerable because they have lower
body weights.<br>
<br>
Erin Dickey wishes they’d known all that before last weekend so they
could have protected their family’s small dog Charlie. She’s just
thankful that the weather was cool the day of their tragic boating
adventure and her two small children only played on the Columbia
River sand.<br>
<br>
“We have spent so many years going out on the Columbia River, to
have our dog die on one of our outings, it just makes me really
sad,” says Dickey. “The river is like my dad’s church, that’s where
he goes for solace and recreation — to have that be the source of
the tragedy is just really sad.”<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.opb.org/article/2021/09/17/six-dogs-sickened-or-dead-near-the-tri-cities-all-thought-to-have-recent-contact-with-columbia-river/">https://www.opb.org/article/2021/09/17/six-dogs-sickened-or-dead-near-the-tri-cities-all-thought-to-have-recent-contact-with-columbia-river/</a><br>
<p> - -</p>
<i>[Caveat - it may not be caused by global warming]</i><br>
<b>Climate change isn’t fueling algal blooms the way we think, study
shows</b><br>
by Elizabeth Claire Alberts on 15 June 2021<br>
-- A team of international researchers recently published the first
global assessment of harmful algal blooms (HABs) — events in which
toxic algae proliferate and cause harm to marine life and humans —
based on nearly 10,000 recorded events between 1985 and 2018.<br>
-- The study found that there are no global trends that would
suggest that climate change is having a uniform impact on HABs
throughout the world, although this is a commonly held belief.<br>
-- The researchers were able to detect clearer regional trends that
showed increases, decreases or no significant changes in HABs in
certain parts of the world.<br>
It also found that there was a perceived increase in HABs amid the
booming aquaculture industry, although the study does not
necessarily suggest that aquaculture is causing an increase in HABs.<br>
- -<br>
This red tide was one of thousands of harmful algal blooms (HABs)
that occurred in the world’s oceans in the past 35 years. HABs tend
to be an issue of concern because of the way they kill off marine
life, contaminate seafood, and wreak havoc on local economies. While
some HABs are known to occur naturally, others are thought to be
triggered by an overabundance of nutrients spilling into the ocean
from farms and residential land. Some experts also say that climate
change is, and will continue, to make algal blooms even worse.<br>
<br>
But according to the authors of a new study published in Nature
Communications Earth and Environment, there are no global trends
that would suggest that climate change is having a uniform impact on
HABs throughout the world.<br>
<br>
“If we could have said that there is a clear global trend and it’s
increasing everywhere, that would have been a real easy one to
communicate,” study co-author Henrik Enevoldsen of the UNESCO
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) Science and
Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, told Mongabay. “But what we
have learned is that which we knew basically — that it’s a very
complex story.”<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://news.mongabay.com/2021/06/climate-change-isnt-fueling-algal-blooms-the-way-we-think-study-shows/">https://news.mongabay.com/2021/06/climate-change-isnt-fueling-algal-blooms-the-way-we-think-study-shows/</a>
<p>- -</p>
<i>[Maybe it is causative]</i><br>
<b>Toxic Algal Blooms Are Worsening with Climate Change</b><br>
Researchers use remote sensing technology to carry out a global
survey of large freshwater lakes.<br>
By Kate Wheeling 13 November 2019<br>
<br>
Every summer, vast blooms of harmful algae erupt in freshwater lakes
across the United States. This year, blue-green mats of algae
blanketed more than 1,500 square kilometers of Lake Erie’s surface
by August; toxic algae forced officials to close New Jersey’s
largest lake to recreational activities, and officials in North
Carolina and Georgia warned dog owners to keep their pets out of the
water after at least four dogs died after swimming in contaminated
water.<br>
<br>
Although these harmful algal blooms are not new to freshwater lakes,
they do appear to be getting worse. But researchers weren’t certain
whether freshwater blooms are actually intensifying or scientists
are just paying closer attention. At the first U.S. Symposium on
Harmful Algae in 2000, for example, marine blooms dominated the
agenda; now, nearly half of the talks at the conference relate to
freshwater blooms.<br>
<br>
A new study that looked back at 3 decades of satellite data finds
that these summertime algal blooms are indeed worsening in large
freshwater lakes around the world—and that climate change may be
undercutting efforts to combat the problem.<br>
“For the last 1 or 2 decades, we’ve made a tremendous amount of
progress in terms of understanding the links between climate and
water quantity—things like drought and flooding and extreme
rainfall,” said Anna Michalak, a researcher at the Carnegie
Institution for Science and a coauthor on the new study. “But
there’s been much less work related to climate and water quality.”<br>
<br>
Part of the problem, according to Michalak, is a dearth of data on
water quality compared to quantity. It’s easier to tease out the
relationship between climate and water quantity, given that
temperature and precipitation records go back more than a century in
many parts of the world. But data on water quality, where they exist
at all, tend to be regional and short term.<br>
<br>
In the new study published in Nature, Michalak and her colleagues
sought to fill in some of the gaps in observations with nearly 30
years of satellite data. The team looked at images of 71 large lakes
across 33 countries, collected between 1984 and 2012 by the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Landsat 5 satellite, and
used an algorithm to detect peak summertime bloom intensity in each
of the lakes.<br>
<br>
“In the vast majority of the lakes we looked at here, we don’t have
the luxury of decades of water samples,” Michalak said, “but what we
were able to do is to use historical satellite data to at least get
a first glimpse of what has been going on in these lakes.”<br>
<br>
Bloom intensity increased in more than two thirds of the lakes, the
study finds, a trend that held across differing regions and across
lakes of varying sizes and depths.<br>
<br>
Experts cautioned that the study’s threshold for statistical
significance was 0.1, which means there is a 10% chance the trend
could be due to random chance. But the research helps scientists
begin to confirm what they have long believed about the relationship
between climate change and water quality, with important
implications for resource managers going forward, said Hans Paerl, a
professor of marine science at the University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill who was not involved in the study.<br>
<br>
<b>A Legacy of Nutrient Loading</b><br>
Researchers have many theories about why harmful algal blooms are
worsening in lakes and along coastlines, from rising water
temperatures to extreme rainfall to an overabundance of nutrients
from agricultural runoff and fertilizers. Michalak’s team wanted to
see which of these factors might best explain the trend across the
globe, but it turns out that no single factor was driving the
problem across all the lakes.<br>
<br>
“Lo and behold, different lakes are different,” Michalak said.
“There isn’t a single main problem, and therefore, there isn’t a
single main solution.”<br>
<br>
That makes sense in light of what we know about the organisms
driving these blooms, said Tim Davis, a professor at Bowling Green
State University who was not involved in the study. “There are many
different types of cyanobacteria that cause these blooms to occur,”
he said. “Each one has a different life strategy; their ecology is
different.”<br>
<br>
If any single environmental factor were driving blooms around the
globe, “that would actually be more shocking,” Davis said.<br>
For Paerl, the finding drives home the fact that fertilizer
application is only part of the story of eutrophication in lakes.
Even as the agriculture industry works to reduce its use of
fertilizer, more frequent and intense precipitation events—like the
hurricanes that flooded hog waste lagoons in North Carolina last
year—may be carrying more soil and nutrients into lakes. “Those
events, they can be real gully washers, so to speak, and put a lot
of nutrients into a receiving water body quickly,” Paerl said, “and
whether or not fertilizers are used may or may not be relevant.”<br>
And after decades of excessive nutrient loading, lakes may have a
stockpile of nutrients that can support algal blooms even as we
reduce inputs, Paerl said. “We’ve had at least 50 or more years of
excessive nutrient loading in these lakes,” he said. “There is a
legacy of nutrient loading in many of these lakes, and that legacy
continues to haunt us.”<br>
<br>
“What this shows us is that we really need to dive into each of
these systems and understand what are the combinations of
environmental factors driving the intensification in each one,”
Davis said.<br>
<br>
Michalak agrees, noting that this kind of satellite study is not a
substitute for more in depth studies of these lakes on the ground
but a reminder of their importance. “It’s the difference between
looking at a forest from space and walking through a forest in your
back yard,” she said. “You’re obviously going to have a better sense
of what’s going on in your particular forest if you actually walk
through it yourself.” Water quality management strategies need to be
tailored to the local environment, in other words.<br>
<br>
<b>A Competitive Edge</b><br>
There was one consistent signal that emerged, however, which could
make managing these toxic blooms even more difficult: The lakes
where algal bloom intensity declined tended to have little or no
warming. That’s because cyanobacterial blooms don’t have as much of
a competitive edge in cooler lakes.<br>
<br>
“Cyanobacteria grow quite well—better than almost everything else in
those freshwater systems—the hotter it gets,” said Don Anderson, a
senior scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution who was
not involved in the study. Unlike many of their competitors,
cyanobacteria can dial up or down their buoyancy to move throughout
the water column, heading to the lake bottom in search of nutrients
or the surface in search of light, where they form thick colonies
that “shade out” the competition below. The mats of cyanobacteria
can even exacerbate warming by absorbing more light, creating a
feedback loop.<br>
“Cyanobacteria have been around for about 2 billion years or even
longer. They’ve adapted to all the major climatic changes that have
occurred already on Earth,” Paerl said. “They’ve seen ice ages,
they’ve seen warming that’s even greater than we’re currently
experiencing, so their playbook is very deep.”<br>
But this finding is particularly concerning for water managers
because it suggests that climate change could undercut even our best
efforts to improve water quality in some places. “Clearly and
obviously, climate change is not helping us,” Michalak said.<br>
<br>
To slow down temperature increases in lakes, we need to target
climate change itself.<br>
<br>
“The only way that I really see to deal with this kind of increase
in temperature, if you’re trying to go at that part of the problem,
is huge policy changes at the national and the global level. I mean,
how else can you cool down a lake, a big lake?” Anderson said. “You
can’t do it.”<br>
<br>
At the lake level, the study suggests that in this era of climate
change, we’ll have to make increasingly aggressive cuts to nutrient
inputs in lakes. As with climate change itself, the longer we put it
off, the more drastic our actions will need to be to see the
benefits. “The only knob we can really tweak to try to improve water
quality conditions in most cases is to reduce nutrient inputs,”
Paerl said. “If we would have gotten started on reducing nutrient
inputs 50 years ago, we’d be seeing some benefits even with
increases in temperature and climate change.”<br>
—Kate Wheeling (@katewheeling), Freelance Writer<br>
Citation: Wheeling, K. (2019), Toxic algal blooms are worsening with
climate change, Eos, 100, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EO136398">https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EO136398</a>.
Published on 13 November 20<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[admit it, you were afraid to even consider this question. ]</i>
<br>
<b>Should the Climate Movement Embrace Sabotage?</b><br>
With David Remnick -- September 24, 2021<br>
[audio <iframe frameborder="0"
src=<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="https://www.wnyc.org/widgets/ondemand_player/thenewyorker/?share=1#file=/audio/json/1133791/">"https://www.wnyc.org/widgets/ondemand_player/thenewyorker/?share=1#file=/audio/json/1133791/"</a>
width="100%" height="54"></iframe> ]<br>
Andreas Malm insists that the environmental movement rethink its
roots in nonviolence and instead embrace “intelligent sabotage.”<br>
<b>How to Blow Up a Pipeline</b><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.newyorker.com/podcast/the-new-yorker-radio-hour/should-the-climate-movement-embrace-sabotage">https://www.newyorker.com/podcast/the-new-yorker-radio-hour/should-the-climate-movement-embrace-sabotage</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[Plotting out the future ]</i><br>
<b>A detailed look at future warming and remaining carbon budgets in
the IPCC WG1 AR6 report</b><br>
Aug 24, 2021<br>
Climate & Energy College<br>
A/Prof Malte Meinshausen and Zebedee Nicholls, 24 August 2021.<br>
<br>
The Physical Science (Working Group 1) contribution to the IPCC’s
Sixth Assessment Report was released on the 10th August 2021. This
second of two seminars takes a closer look at two key areas in the
report: future warming and remaining carbon budgets, presented by
two authors that have been closely involved in this IPCC cycle. It
builds on the broader overview provided by the first seminar. The
seminar will present an assessment of future warming under a
selection of different scenarios. We will discuss the assessments,
their uncertainty and the methods used, including key methodological
advancements compared to previous IPCC reports. To enhance the
connection with other discussions on net zero, we will also place
the scenarios considered in the context of other mitigation pathways
from the scenario literature. We will also discuss new estimates of
our remaining carbon budget i.e. the total amount of carbon dioxide
we can emit before we cross a given temperature threshold such as
1.5C or 2.0C. We compare the updated remaining carbon budget
estimates with previous estimates from the IPCC’s Special Report on
1.5C (SR1.5) and the IPCC’s Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) and dive
into some of the implications of the probabilistic language used for
reporting remaining carbon budgets. We also discuss the implications
for policy, particularly when we must reach net zero emissions in
order to remain within the budget.<br>
<br>
This seminar is part of a series being hosted by the Climate and
Energy College in 2021 that is supported by the Strategic
Partnership for Implementation of the Paris Agreement.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aalLJsalhQE">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aalLJsalhQE</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[Inspiration, so take your camera outside today]</i><br>
<b>Incoming Storm Landscape Photography during Monsoon Storms</b><br>
Sep 23, 2021<br>
Nick Page<br>
Myself, Sean Parker, and Michael Shainblum witness and photograph
beautiful storms rolling in upon a dry lakebed.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DR7k2XaCKLw">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DR7k2XaCKLw</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[Spend money]</i><br>
<b>Is Keeping Your Old Car Better For The Environment?</b><br>
Sep 17, 2021<br>
Engineering Explained<br>
<br>
Is it better to buy a new efficient car, or keep your car that
already works?<br>
Subscribe to Engineering Explained for more videos! -
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://goo.gl/VZstk7">https://goo.gl/VZstk7</a><br>
Recommended Books & Car Products - <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://amzn.to/2BrekJm">http://amzn.to/2BrekJm</a><br>
EE Shirts! - bit.ly/2BHsiuo<br>
<br>
Is it better for the environment to keep your car that already
works, thus not creating something new and using new resources, or
to buy something new that's more efficient? Gas cars require less
emissions to produce than electric cars, so out of the gate they're
more environmentally friendly. However, gasoline cars produce far
more emissions while in use, versus electric cars, so eventually the
scales tilt in favor of EVs. But is it within a meaningful amount of
time, or should we simply be preventing the creation of new waste,
by keeping and maintaining what we already have? And what about all
of those metals required for EV batteries? In this video we'll focus
on both the emissions and the resources, to determine if you should
keep your used car, or buy a new car, as it relates to going green.
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://youtu.be/L2IKCdnzl5k">https://youtu.be/L2IKCdnzl5k</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<i>[The news archive - looking back]</i><br>
<font size="+1"><b>On this day in the history of global warming
September 26, 2004</b></font><br>
<br>
September 26, 2004: In an apparent attack on his own bosses at the
Fox<br>
News Channel, Bill O'Reilly tells CBS News's Mike Wallace:<br>
<br>
"[The] government's gotta be proactive on [the] environment. Global<br>
warming is here. All these idiots that run around and say it isn't<br>
here? That's ridiculous!"<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/bill-oreilly-no-spin/">http://www.cbsnews.com/news/bill-oreilly-no-spin/</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://youtu.be/ZD39QY8ew3c">http://youtu.be/ZD39QY8ew3c</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<p>/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------/</p>
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