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<font size="+2"><i><b>November 3, 2021</b></i></font><br>
<br>
<i>[ PBS says it best by text, transcript, video or audio - 10 min
]</i><br>
<b>The Earth is at a tipping point. Here’s what’s at stake if we
don’t act on climate change</b><br>
Nov 1, 2021 <br>
Here's how, back in 2015, Princeton University's Michael Oppenheimer
stressed the urgency:<br>
<blockquote>If we don't start with rapid emissions reductions and
substantial emissions reductions, that we will pass a danger
point, beyond which the consequences for many people and countries
on Earth will simply become unacceptable and eventually
disastrous. -- Michael Oppenheimer, Professor of Geosciences and
International Affairs, Princeton University</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/the-earth-is-at-a-tipping-point-heres-whats-at-stake-if-we-dont-act-on-climate-change#transcript">https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/the-earth-is-at-a-tipping-point-heres-whats-at-stake-if-we-dont-act-on-climate-change#transcript</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/the-earth-is-at-a-tipping-point-heres-whats-at-stake-if-we-dont-act-on-climate-change#audio">https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/the-earth-is-at-a-tipping-point-heres-whats-at-stake-if-we-dont-act-on-climate-change#audio</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/the-earth-is-at-a-tipping-point-heres-whats-at-stake-if-we-dont-act-on-climate-change">https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/the-earth-is-at-a-tipping-point-heres-whats-at-stake-if-we-dont-act-on-climate-change</a><br>
<p>- -</p>
<i>[ NASA looks closely ]</i><br>
<b>Global Climate Change Impact on Crops Expected Within 10 Years,
NASA Study Finds</b><br>
Nov 1, 2021<br>
Climate change may affect the production of maize (corn) and wheat
as early as 2030 under a high greenhouse gas emissions scenario,
according to a new NASA study published in the journal, Nature Food.
Maize crop yields are projected to decline 24%, while wheat could
potentially see growth of about 17%.<br>
<br>
Using advanced climate and agricultural models, scientists found
that the change in yields is due to projected increases in
temperature, shifts in rainfall patterns, and elevated surface
carbon dioxide concentrations from human-caused greenhouse gas
emissions. These changes would make it more difficult to grow maize
in the tropics, but could expand wheat’s growing range.<br>
<br>
“We did not expect to see such a fundamental shift, as compared to
crop yield projections from the previous generation of climate and
crop models conducted in 2014,” said lead author Jonas Jägermeyr, a
crop modeler and climate scientist at NASA’s Goddard Institute for
Space Studies (GISS) and The Earth Institute at Columbia University
in New York City. The projected maize response was surprisingly
large and negative, he said. “A 20% decrease from current production
levels could have severe implications worldwide.”<br>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>[2 minute YouTube video-
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NZIvvhGlR0">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NZIvvhGlR0</a> ]<br>
NASA Goddard<br>
Average global crop yields for maize, or corn, may see a
decrease of 24% by late century, with the declines becoming
apparent by 2030, with high greenhouse gas emissions, according
to a new NASA study. Wheat, in contrast, may see an uptick in
crop yields by about 17%. The change in yields is due to the
projected increases in temperature, shifts in rainfall patterns
and elevated surface carbon dioxide concentrations due to
human-caused greenhouse gas emissions, making it more difficult
to grow maize in the tropics and expanding wheat’s growing
range.<br>
To arrive at their projections, the research team used two sets
of models. First, they used climate model simulations from the
international Climate Model Intercomparison Project-Phase 6
(CMIP6). Each of the five CMIP6 climate models used for this
study runs its own unique response of Earth’s atmosphere to
greenhouse gas emission scenarios through 2100. These responses
differ somewhat due to variations in their representations of
the Earth's climate system.<br>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
Then the research team used the climate model simulations as inputs
for 12 state-of-the-art global crop models that are part of the
Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP),
an international partnership coordinated by Columbia University. The
crop models simulate on a large scale how crops grow and respond to
environmental conditions such as temperature, rainfall and
atmospheric carbon dioxide, which are provided by the climate
models. Each crop species’ behavior is based on their real life
biological responses studied in indoor and outdoor lab experiments.
In the end, the team created about 240 global climate-crop model
simulations for each crop. By using multiple climate and crop models
in various combinations, the researchers were more confident in
their results.<br>
<br>
“What we're doing is driving crop simulations that are effectively
growing virtual crops day-by-day, powered by a supercomputer, and
then looking at the year-by-year and decade-by-decade change in each
location of the world,” said Alex Ruane, co-director of the GISS
Climate Impacts Group and a co-author of the study.<br>
<br>
This study focused on climate change impacts. These models do not
address economic incentives, changing farming practices, and
adaptations such as breeding hardier crop varieties, although that
is an area of active research. The research team plans to look at
these angles in follow-up work, since these factors will also
determine the fate of agricultural yields in the future as people
respond to climate-driven changes.<br>
<br>
The team looked at changes to long-term average crop yields and
introduced a new estimate for when climate change impacts “emerge”
as a discernable signal from the usual, historically known
variability in crop yields. Soybean and rice projections showed a
decline in some regions but at the global scale the different models
still disagree on the overall impacts from climate change. For maize
and wheat, the climate effect was much clearer, with most of the
model results pointing in the same direction.<br>
<br>
Maize, or corn, is grown all over the world, and large quantities
are produced in countries nearer the equator. North and Central
America, West Africa, Central Asia, Brazil, and China will
potentially see their maize yields decline in the coming years and
beyond as average temperatures rise across these breadbasket
regions, putting more stress on the plants.<br>
<br>
Wheat, which grows best in temperate climates, may see a broader
area where it can be grown as temperatures rise, including the
Northern United States and Canada, North China Plains, Central Asia,
Southern Australia, and East Africa, but these gains may level off
mid-century.<br>
<br>
Temperature is not the only factor the models consider when
simulating future crop yields. Higher levels of carbon dioxide in
the atmosphere have a positive effect on photosynthesis and water
retention, increasing crop yields, though often at a cost to
nutrition. This effect happens more so for wheat than maize, which
is more accurately captured in the current generation of models.
Rising global temperatures also are linked with changes in rainfall
patterns, and the frequency and duration of heat waves and droughts,
which can affect crop health and productivity. Higher temperatures
also affect the length of growing seasons and accelerate crop
maturity.<br>
<br>
“You can think of plants as collecting sunlight over the course of
the growing season,” said Ruane. “They're collecting that energy and
then putting it into the plant and the grain. So, if you rush
through your growth stages, by the end of the season, you just
haven't collected as much energy.” As a result, the plant produces
less total grain than it would with a longer development period. “By
growing faster, your yield actually goes down.”<br>
<br>
“Even under optimistic climate change scenarios, where societies
enact ambitious efforts to limit global temperature rise, global
agriculture is facing a new climate reality,” Jägermeyr said. “And
with the interconnectedness of the global food system, impacts in
even one region’s breadbasket will be felt worldwide.”<br>
Ellen Gray - NASA’s Earth Science News Team<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/esnt/2021/global-climate-change-impact-on-crops-expected-within-10-years-nasa-study-finds">https://www.nasa.gov/feature/esnt/2021/global-climate-change-impact-on-crops-expected-within-10-years-nasa-study-finds</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[ opposing irony ]<br>
<b>Even as Biden Pushes Clean Energy, He Seeks More Oil Production</b><br>
President Biden acknowledged “it seems like an irony” that he is
asking energy-rich nations to boost oil production as he implores
the world to tackle climate change.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/01/climate/biden-oil-gas-cop26.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/01/climate/biden-oil-gas-cop26.html</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ Methane is one of the worst ]</i><br>
<b>Biden to announce tougher regulations on methane emissions from
oil and gas production</b><br>
NOV 2 2021<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/11/02/-biden-epa-gets-tough-on-methane-leaks-from-oil-and-gas-sector-.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2021/11/02/-biden-epa-gets-tough-on-methane-leaks-from-oil-and-gas-sector-.html</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ Financial Times ]</i><br>
<b>Climate change could bring near-unliveable conditions for 3bn
people, say scientists</b><br>
Each degree of warming above present levels corresponds to roughly
1bn people falling outside of ‘climate niche’<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.ft.com/content/072b5c87-7330-459b-a947-be6767a1099d">https://www.ft.com/content/072b5c87-7330-459b-a947-be6767a1099d</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ Cultural discussions -- "Hungry for hope, with a 60% chance of
apocalypse" - - "ego thinking objectifies the other" ] </i><br>
<b>Weather Reports: The Climate of Consciousness, featuring Michael
Pollan and Terry Tempest Williams</b><br>
Nov 1, 2021<br>
Harvard Divinity School<br>
Michael Pollan has been educating us with illuminating prose on “the
botany of desire” for a very long time. He will discuss his latest
book This Is Your Mind On Plants and his landmark bestseller How To
Change Your Mind: What the New Science of Psychedelics Teaches Us
About Consciousness, Dying, Addiction, Depression, and
Transcendence. Pollan’s call for change, restoration, and resiliency
may be the very thing we need to bolster our consciousness in the
midst of climate collapse. Pollan is the author of six New York
Times bestsellers.<br>
<br>
Respondent: Charles Stang, Director of the Center for the Study of
World Religion<br>
<br>
The live conversation will be streamed on the Harvard Divinity
School YouTube page and is a series Constellation Project in
partnership with the Center of the Study of World Religions,
Religion and Public Life, and the Planetary Health Alliance.<br>
Harvard Divinity School<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUmudIdHM6s">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUmudIdHM6s</a> <i> [ starts ~10 mins
in, discussion begins ~17 mins in ]</i><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ video discussion - sequestration, restoration ] </i><br>
<b>2021 Climate Leadership Series Oct. 28 Webinar: The Critical Role
of Natural Climate Solutions</b><br>
Oct 29, 2021<br>
Climate Leadership Conference<br>
Nature-based solutions (NbS), or natural climate solutions, refer to
projects that protect, restore, and manage natural ecosystems. They
provide important environmental and social benefits too,
contributing to more equitable communities, cleaner air and water,
and increased biodiversity.<br>
<br>
This interview with Lisa Jackson, VP of Environment, Policy, and
Social Initiatives at Apple, will discuss how Apple is incorporating
nature-based solutions into its climate commitments. Tune in at 1 PM
ET/10 AM PT to hear how the world's most profitable tech company is
working towards a net-zero future.<br>
<br>
There is no single solution to addressing climate change, but
nature-based solutions can make a big impact on our ambitious road
to net zero. Nature-based solutions are preventing greenhouse gas
emissions, actively removing carbon from the atmosphere, and
restoring green infrastructure and building climate resilience.<br>
<br>
Tune in to this expert-led panel to learn more about how companies
are working to meet the ambitious goals of today while planning for
a net-zero, climate resilient future.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmfL9jmTENo">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmfL9jmTENo</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ Radically different interpretation of our condition - we are
in critical overshoot - 2 hour video ] </i><br>
<b>William Rees: Techno-Industrial Society is Inherently
Unsustainable 17 Jun 2021</b><br>
Jun 17, 2021<br>
US Association of the Club of Rome<br>
William Rees: Techno-Industrial Society is Inherently Unsustainable:
Is Collapse Inevitable? <br>
Zoom meeting hosted by the US Association of the Club of Rome on 17
Jun 2021<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ASS-zSUwEkc">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ASS-zSUwEkc</a> -- starts about 7 mins
in -- lecture for 60 mins -- discussion for another hour. <br>
<p>- -</p>
<i>[ similar repeated messages ]</i><br>
<b>Keynote Lecture: Prof. (Emeritus) William E. Rees - Climate
change isn't the problem, so what is?</b><br>
Jan 28, 2021<br>
Mashber Aklim<br>
הרצאה מרכזית: Prof. (Emeritus) William E. Rees Climate change isn't
the problem, so what is?<br>
University of British Columbia<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oVTHKzC7TM">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oVTHKzC7TM</a><br>
<p>- -</p>
<b>[ a recent Rees lecture ]</b><br>
Institut des sciences cognitives - UQAM<br>
<b>ISC 2021 Summer School – Cognitive Challenges of Climate Change
(<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://sites.grenadine.uqam.ca/sites">https://sites.grenadine.uqam.ca/sites</a>...) </b><br>
Day 9<br>
Talk by William E. Rees: The Enigma of Climate Inaction – On the
Human Nature of Policy Failure<br>
MC: Alexia Ostrolenk, Ph.D Candidate in Psychiatric Science (UdeM);
Science Communicator (ComScicon-QC, BrainReach)<br>
<blockquote>Abstract:<br>
H. sapiens is a self-described intelligent species, yet seems
committed to destroying its own habitat. Human-induced climate
change, driven by carbon-dioxide and other GHG emissions, is one
of several well-known threats to global civilization.
Nevertheless, 34 climate conferences and half a dozen major
international agreements in the past 50 years have failed to
produce even a ripple in the curve of exponentially increasing
atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Climate change is accelerating.
This presentation: 1) examines some of the evolutionary,
behavioural and cognitive impediments to effective corrective
action by governments and international agencies and; 2) advances
some ideological, political and organizational changes that must
be implemented at all levels of society to avoid global climate
catastrophe.<br>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WDWhjSUu8UY">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WDWhjSUu8UY</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
[The news archive - looking back]<br>
<font size="+1"><b>On this day in the history of global warming
November 3, 2010</b></font><br>
November 3, 2010: In a post-midterm election press conference,
President Obama states:<br>
"With respect to the EPA, I think the smartest thing for us to do is
to see if we can get Democrats and Republicans in a room who are
serious about energy independence and are serious about keeping our
air clean and our water clean and dealing with the issue of
greenhouse gases -- and seeing are there ways that we can make
progress in the short term and invest in technologies in the long
term that start giving us the tools to reduce greenhouse gases and
solve this problem.<br>
<br>
"The EPA is under a court order that says greenhouse gases are a
pollutant that fall under their jurisdiction. And I think one of the
things that's very important for me is not to have us ignore the
science, but rather to find ways that we can solve these problems
that don’t hurt the economy, that encourage the development of clean
energy in this country, that, in fact, may give us opportunities to
create entire new industries and create jobs that -- and that put us
in a competitive posture around the world.<br>
<br>
"So I think it’s too early to say whether or not we can make some
progress on that front. I think we can. Cap and trade was just one
way of skinning the cat; it was not the only way. It was a means,
not an end. And I’m going to be looking for other means to address
this problem.<br>
<br>
"And I think EPA wants help from the legislature on this. I don’t
think that the desire is to somehow be protective of their powers
here. I think what they want to do is make sure that the issue is
being dealt with."<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4F8e2Cye08">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4F8e2Cye08</a> (35:15-38:48) <br>
<p><br>
</p>
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