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<p><font size="+2"><i><b>March 30, 2022</b></i></font><br>
</p>
<i>[ Western drought explaind. YouTube video ]</i><br>
<b>The ‘whys’ beyond the ‘what’ of the severe western U.S. drought</b><br>
28 March 2022 by greenman3610<br>
from Yale Climate Connections by Peter Sinclair<br>
<blockquote><b>Why the worst drought in 1200 years happened ... and
will get worse</b><br>
Mar 23, 2022<br>
YaleClimateConnections<br>
Scientists say the ongoing drought in the U.S. west involves more
than just a lack of rain. Key to the puzzle: Climate-forced
aridification driven by steadily rising temperatures. No near-term
end in sight as humans continue greenhouse gas emissions.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EO3FPMXswmI">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EO3FPMXswmI</a><br>
</blockquote>
The term “megadrought” is now fully ensconced in the popular
vernacular when it comes to the punishing drought sweeping across
much of the western U.S. over the past 22 years. So too is the
figure “1200” as the number of years it’s been since a more intense
22-year drought. And experts see slim prospects of the drought’s
ending at best before the end of this decade.<br>
<p>Those are some of the key “what” issues media coverage surfaced
since word of the new research came to light in late February,
just as the “news hole” of major national outlets understandably
turned their focus on the Russian invasion of Ukraine.<br>
<br>
But what about the “why” of this persistent drought? This Yale
Climate Connections original video turns its focus to the “why”
and “how it’s happened” questions, shedding light through
conversations with a range of top-notch experts.<br>
<br>
Study co-authors UCLA Park Williams of UCLA and Jason Smerdon of
Columbia University say, respectively:<br>
<br>
Over the past 22 years, 18 have been drier than usual, only four
wetter; and<br>
Two really dry years in 2020 and 2021 put those 22 years over the
top of any such period back to the period of Charlemagne and the
Roman Empire in 850 CE. No other 22-year period is “cumulatively
as dry,” Smerdon says.<br>
What stands out in the ongoing drought, according to NASA
scientist Ben Cook, also a co-author with Williams and Smerdon, is
“the intensity over a large spatial scale…partially because of
climate change.” On top of the natural deficits in natural
precipitation is “quite a bit of warming” caused by human
emissions.<br>
<br>
As a result, the droughts “are more temperature-driven,” explains
Colorado Deputy State Climatologist Becky Bolinger.<br>
<br>
Smerdon says that while the current drought “would have been bad,
it would have happened” even in the absence of
humans,”human-caused warming has made it about 42% more severe
than it otherwise would be.<br>
<br>
Scientists Scott Denning of Colorado State University, Samantha
Stevenson of U.C. Santa Barbara, and Julia Cole of the University
of Michigan each provide further details affirming those points.<br>
<br>
“It doesn’t even make sense to call it a drought,” Stevenson says,
because “that implies that the drought will somehow end, and it
will come back to normal.”<br>
<br>
In the western U.S., “we’re already in a megadrought that is not
going to end at any time in the 21st Century,” Stevenson says,
“and that’s just because of climate change.”<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://yaleclimateconnections.org/2022/03/the-whys-beyond-the-what-of-the-severe-western-u-s-drought/">https://yaleclimateconnections.org/2022/03/the-whys-beyond-the-what-of-the-severe-western-u-s-drought/</a><br>
</p>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ IPCC video report ] <br>
</i><b>IPCC Press Conference - Climate Change 2022: Impacts,
Adaptation & Vulnerability</b><br>
live on Feb 28, 2022<br>
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)<br>
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, the
Working Group II contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpK7eeYRhjQ">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpK7eeYRhjQ</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ NYTimes chilling report ]</i><br>
<b>With Eyes on Russia, the U.S. Military Prepares for an Arctic
Future</b><br>
As climate change opens up the Arctic for transit and exploration,
Russia has increasingly militarized the region. The U.S. is
preparing a more aggressive presence of its own.<br>
Mike Baker -- March 27, 2022...<br>
- -<br>
Two years ago, Moscow brought its own war games barreling through
the Bering Sea, with Russian commanders testing weapons and
demanding that American fishing boats operating in U.S. fishing
waters get out of the way — an order the U.S. Coast Guard advised
them to comply with. Russia has repeatedly sent military aircraft to
the edge of U.S. airspace, leading U.S. jets to scramble to
intercept them and warn them away.<br>
<br>
This month, in response to escalating international sanctions
against Russia, a member of the Russian parliament demanded that
Alaska, purchased by the United States from Russia in 1867, be
returned to Russian control — a possibly rhetorical gesture that
nonetheless reflected the deteriorating relationship between the two
world powers.<br>
<br>
For centuries, the vast waters of the offshore Arctic were largely a
no man’s land locked in by ice whose exact territorial boundaries —
claimed by the United States, Russia, Canada, Norway, Denmark and
Iceland — remained unsettled. But as melting sea ice has opened new
shipping pathways and as nations have eyed the vast hydrocarbon and
mineral reserves below the Arctic sea floor, the complicated
treaties, claims and boundary zones that govern the region have been
opened to fresh disputes.<br>
<br>
Canada and the United States have never reached agreement on the
status of the Northwest Passage between the North Atlantic and the
Beaufort Sea. China, too, has been working to establish a foothold,
declaring itself a “near-Arctic state” and partnering with Russia to
promote “sustainable” development and expanded use of Arctic trade
routes.<br>
<br>
Russia has made it clear it intends to control the so-called
Northern Sea Route off its northern shore, a route that
significantly shortens the shipping distance between China and
Northern Europe. U.S. officials have complained that Russia is
illegally demanding that other nations seek permission to pass and
threatening to use military force to sink vessels that do not
comply.<br>
<br>
“We are stuck with a pretty tense situation there,” said Troy
Bouffard, director of the Center of Arctic Security and Resilience
at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. “Either we acquiesce to
Russia, to their extreme control of surface waters, or we elevate or
escalate the issue.”<br>
<br>
The focus in recent years had been to expand diplomatic channels,
collaborating on a range of regional challenges through the Arctic
Council. That work was put on pause, however, after Russia invaded
Ukraine.<br>
<br>
In Nome, which hopes to position itself as a maritime gateway to the
Far North, there has long been evidence that a new era for the
Arctic was arriving. Mayor John Handeland said winter sea ice that
once persisted until mid-June may now be gone by early May and does
not reappear before Thanksgiving...<br>
- -<br>
“I think that our people realize that our military needs to protect
our country and our military does need to invest in a presence in
the Arctic,” Ms. Kitka said. “But it has got to be done smart.”<br>
<br>
Dan Sullivan, Alaska’s junior Republican U.S. senator, said that
while there may be little threat of a Russian invasion of Alaska,
there is concern about Russia’s military buildup in the region.<br>
<br>
“Ukraine just demonstrates even more, what matters to these guys is
presence and power,” Mr. Sullivan said. “And when you start to build
ports, when you start to bring up icebreakers, when you start to
bring up Navy shipping, when you have over 100 fifth-gen fighters in
the Arctic in Alaska, we’re starting to now talk Putin’s language.”<br>
<br>
Alaska is already one of the nation’s most militarized states, with
more than 20,000 active-duty personnel assigned to places such as
Eielson Air Force Base and Fort Wainwright in the Fairbanks area,
Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson in Anchorage, and Coast Guard Air
Station Kodiak. The Army’s large training exercise — the first
Combat Training Center rotation to be held in Alaska — took place
around Fort Greely, about 100 miles southeast of Fairbanks. Alaska
is also home to critical parts of the nation’s missile-defense
system.<br>
<br>
Mr. Bouffard said the fracture in relations caused by Russia’s
invasion of Ukraine could open the door to a variety of future
problems that can only be guessed at right now. While there is no
imminent conflict in the Arctic, there could well be friction over
how Russia manages offshore waters or disputes over undersea
exploration. The United States also needs to be prepared to aid
northern European allies that share an uncertain future with Russia
in Arctic waterways, he said.<br>
<br>
That will mean being prepared for a range of potential problems. In
a separate Alaska military exercise in recent weeks, teams from the
Marines and the Army practiced cold-weather strategies for
containing chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear
contamination...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/27/us/army-alaska-arctic-russia.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/27/us/army-alaska-arctic-russia.html</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<br>
<i>[ Washington Post gives us a dramatic moment ] </i><br>
<b>Two stark reminders about the political challenge of tackling
climate change</b><br>
By Philip Bump 3-28-2022<br>
National correspondent<br>
There was an unappreciated irony to the placard that graced the
lectern from which former president Donald Trump spoke over the
weekend. “Save America,” it said, reflecting Trump’s preferred
descriptor for the threat the country faces should it fail to
acquiesce to his whims. But it was from behind this apocalyptic
imperative that Trump laughed off an actual threat the country
faces.<br>
<br>
Well, not “laughed off,” really.<br>
<br>
Trump claimed we were at the “single most dangerous time for our
country in history” thanks to the threat of nuclear weapons,
somewhat downplaying decades in which the exact same threat
lingered.<br>
<br>
“And yet you have people like John Kerry worrying about the climate!
The climate!” Trump continued. “Oh, I heard that the other day. Here
we are, [Russian President Vladimir Putin is] threatening us [and]
he’s worried about the ocean will rise one-hundredth of one percent
over the next 300 f----n’ years.”<br>
<br>
The crowd, pleasantly surprised by the vulgarity, cheered loudly.<br>
<br>
In reality, of course, the risk of sea-level rise related to climate
change is far more dire than what Trump presents. The increase in
sea levels — largely driven by melting glaciers on land and
expansion due to warmer water — is not measured in percentage-point
increases, since that makes little sense given the ocean’s depth.
Instead, projections are measured in meters or feet over less than a
century, a rapid, large increase that poses a particular risk
because of how close humans around the world live to the ocean.
Trump’s private business recognizes the risk; his golf course in
Ireland cited climate change in a permit application to build a sea
wall.<br>
<br>
But Trump recognizes the political value in pretending that it’s all
a big joke, that this risk to America and Americans is a punchline
about crazy leftists. That’s because his core political instinct is
to play to the most reactionary part of the Republican base, and
that part of the Republican base indeed sees climate change as a
nonissue.<br>
The Yale Program on Climate Change Communication has polled
Americans on climate issues for more than a decade. Over that time,
a wide partisan gulf has opened on significant issues, in large part
because liberal Democrats have grown more concerned about and aware
of climate issues while conservative Republicans have not changed
their views...<br>
<br>
A lot of parallels have been drawn between climate change and the
coronavirus pandemic over the past two years, many overwrought. But
here, as with the virus, many of the most Trump-adjacent Americans
see the whole thing as contrived ridiculousness. Partisanship and
anti-elitism lead to treating climate change as a punchline.<br>
<br>
That’s a seemingly intractable part of the slow pace of the
country’s shift toward addressing the need to curtail greenhouse gas
emissions. The day after Trump’s rally, though, the country was
reminded of another, intertwined factor: economics.<br>
<br>
Since January 2021, Democrats have controlled the White House and
both chambers of Congress. That has allowed them, within the wonky
constraints of Senate rules, to pass several pieces of legislation
representing the party’s achievable denominator of policies. A large
bill focused on infrastructure included components that will address
climate change, in part by bolstering protections against its
effects. But a more robust response to climate change has not been
passed despite the Democratic majority thanks in large part to
opposition from within the party. Specifically, thanks to Sen. Joe
Manchin III (D-W.Va.).<br>
<br>
Manchin’s career in the federal government began with an explicit
rejection of climate-change legislation. Many Americans first
learned about him thanks to a campaign ad in which he literally shot
at a bill that would create a marketplace aimed at limiting
greenhouse gas emissions. As then-governor of West Virginia, one of
the country’s largest coal-producing states, this was not surprising
rhetoric, even if it was a surprising visual.<br>
<br>
Since then, though, his party has moved left on climate change — and
his state has grown less reliant on coal mining as a source of
employment. In part, that’s because the amount of coal extracted
each year as a function of employees has increased, meaning that
fewer workers can produce the same amount of coal. That’s beneficial
to coal companies, if not coal miners.<br>
<br>
Which brings us to the New York Times’s look at Manchin’s ties to
the industry, published Sunday. It explains how Manchin several
decades ago helped clear administrative hurdles for a power plant in
Grant Town, W.Va. — and then began selling the plant a type of coal
(called “gob”) to burn.<br>
<br>
“He created his business while a state lawmaker in anticipation of
the Grant Town plant, which has been the sole customer for his gob
for the past 20 years, according to federal data,” the Times’s
Christopher Flavelle and Julie Tate report. “At key moments over the
years, Mr. Manchin used his political influence to benefit the
plant. He urged a state official to approve its air pollution
permit, pushed fellow lawmakers to support a tax credit that helped
the plant, and worked behind the scenes to facilitate a rate
increase that drove up revenue for the plant — and electricity costs
for West Virginians.”<br>
<br>
Manchin is not a climate-change denier of the sort who might have
cheered Trump’s vulgar dismissal of the issue. Instead, he’s what a
prominent climate scientist described to E&E News as a
“delayist,” someone who urges a slow response to climate change
rather than a more rapid one. It’s a favored political tactic for
those closer to the political middle from both parties, getting to
tell people that you hear their concerns but that you also worry
about moving too quickly in response.<br>
<br>
What’s driven much of the country’s response to climate change from
the outset has been the massive economic strength of the fossil-fuel
industry. When scientists first realized that releasing
carbon-dioxide into the atmosphere risked warming the planet —
something the fossil-fuel industry itself has recognized for decades
— the industry moved quickly to raise questions about the idea that
the planet was warming. (The effort has been compared to the effort
to downplay the lung cancer risks of cigarettes.) In recent years,
it, too, has shifted in a Manchin-y direction, often acknowledging
the change while offering baby-step responses to the problem.<br>
<br>
The overlap between where Manchin is and where Trump is comes from
that initial push to raise questions about the science. Soon after
Al Gore’s “An Inconvenient Truth” drew international attention to
the problem, both Democrats and Republicans (including former House
speaker Newt Gingrich and the party’s 2008 presidential nominee,
Sen. John S. McCain) embraced a robust response. Thanks in part to
fervent advocacy from fossil-fuel companies against legislation and
the increase in partisan polarization that occurred soon after
Barack Obama was elected, tackling climate change became anathema to
Republicans. By the fall of 2010, red state Democrat Joe Manchin III
was running against the Environmental Protection Agency and climate
legislation.<br>
<br>
In one weekend more than a decade later, we see the effects of
climate change’s injection into the national political conversation.
A Democratic Party dependent on Manchin’s vote; Manchin with deep
cultural and economic reasons not to shift away from coal. And on
the other side, a baseline assumption that climate change is
ridiculous, as ridiculous as wearing a high-quality mask to prevent
the spread of an airborne virus.<br>
<br>
And here we are.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/03/28/two-stark-reminders-about-political-challenge-tackling-climate-change/">https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/03/28/two-stark-reminders-about-political-challenge-tackling-climate-change/</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<br>
<i>[ Book review "The Best of Times, the Worst of Times"] </i><br>
<b>Paul Behrens | Population, Consumption & Climate Change</b><br>
Nick Breeze ClimateGenn<br>
In this episode of ClimateGenn I am speaking to Dr Paul Behrens
about the complexity of population, consumption and climate change.
Visit: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://genn.cc">https://genn.cc</a> + <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://patreon.com/genncc">https://patreon.com/genncc</a><br>
<br>
In his book, ‘The Best of Times, The Worst of Times’ Paul addresses
population, presenting both a pessimistic potential outcome, and
also a more hopeful outcome based on a set of choices that we,
especially those of us in wealthier high emitting countries, can
make to improve the chances for a better future.<br>
<br>
One big barrier to a better future is the growing narrative that
stokes fears about migration. The propagating of these myths falls
under the title of econativism, a term that Paul both defines and
discusses in some detail.<br>
<br>
Population and migration are critical and controversial issues and
when placed in the context of continually rising emissions and
consequent impacts, they stress the need for reflection on how we
value our own life and the lives of all those around us.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gIZeL_fjCIY">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gIZeL_fjCIY</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
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<i>[ Book review from 2006 video of old CSPAN ]</i><br>
<b>How Corporations and Governments Addicted the World to Oil and
Derailed the Alternatives (2006)</b><br>
posted March 29, 2022 <br>
The Film Archives<br>
Read the book:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.amazon.com/Internal-Combustion-Corporations-Governments-Alternatives/dp/B08YS5F65Y/ref=sr_1_1">https://www.amazon.com/Internal-Combustion-Corporations-Governments-Alternatives/dp/B08YS5F65Y/ref=sr_1_1</a><br>
<br>
Frederic Latta Smith (February 6, 1870 – August 6, 1954) was a
pioneer of the automobile business. He was one of the founders of
the Olds Motor Works in 1899 and of General Motors Corporation in
1908. He was also the president of the Association of Licensed
Automobile Manufacturers in its early years. <br>
<br>
In 1892, Smith became employed as an agent for land interests in
Michigan's Upper Peninsula. As of 1897, he maintained his office at
1013 Woodward Avenue in Detroit.<br>
<br>
In August 1897, Ransom E. Olds, founded the Olds Motor Vehicle
Company in Lansing, Michigan. In 1899, Smith was one of the founders
of the new Olds Motor Works.[2] Smith together with his father and
Henry Russel provided the financial backing for the new venture,[3]
which was moved from Lansing to Detroit. Smith's father became the
company's president, with Ransom Olds as general manager and
Frederic Smith as secretary and treasurer.<br>
<br>
In 1901, the Olds Motor Works released the Curved Dash Oldsmobile.
It was this car, rather than Henry Ford's Model T, that was the
first mass-produced, low-priced American motor vehicle.[4] In 1901,
a fire destroyed the company's factory, and a new factory was
quickly built to replace it.<br>
<br>
In 1902, Frederic Smith took charge of the newly built Olds Motor
Works factory. He gave responsibility for sales to Roy Chapin,
another promising young automotive pioneer from Lansing. Chapin led
the way in developing a network of sales franchises for Olds around
the country. At one point, Chapin's mother wrote to Frederic Smith
and complained that her son had been given too many responsibilities
for too little pay. Smith responded by telling Mrs. Chapin that her
son was "the brightest and most promising of all the young managers
at Olds."[5]<br>
<br>
In the infancy of the automobile industry in Detroit, the carmakers
formed the Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers
("ALAM"), an organization that one historian has called "a
monopolistic combine."[6] The members pooled their patent rights
(including the Selden patent) and used their "patent pool" to permit
or deny the right to manufacture petroleum-based automobiles.[7]
Frederic Smith became the president of ALAM and in 1903 sought to
use the power of ALAM to try to deny Henry Ford membership in the
organization. A special subcommittee with Smith as its sole member
was formed to review Ford's admission to ALAM. Ford's plan to
assemble one inexpensive model at a low price point was a threat to
Olds' low-end vehicles. Accordingly, Smith told Ford that he must
"dismantle, disband, and depart Detroit."[8] In a personal meeting
with Ford, Smith told him to "abandon all hope of becoming an
automobile manufacturer." The confrontation led to years of
litigation between Ford and ALAM.<br>
<br>
Frederic Smith and Ransom Olds clashed frequently. In 1903, Smith
removed Olds from the position of general manager and took the
position for himself.<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederic_L._Smith">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederic_L._Smith</a><br>
<br>
The General Motors streetcar conspiracy refers to convictions of
General Motors (GM) and other companies that were involved in
monopolizing the sale of buses and supplies to National City Lines
(NCL) and its subsidiaries, and to allegations that the defendants
conspired to own or control transit systems, in violation of Section
1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act. The suit created lingering
suspicions that the defendants had in fact plotted to dismantle
streetcar systems in many cities in the United States as an attempt
to monopolize surface transportation. <br>
<br>
Between 1938 and 1950, National City Lines and its subsidiaries,
American City Lines and Pacific City Lines—with investment from GM,
Firestone Tire, Standard Oil of California (through a subsidiary),
Federal Engineering, Phillips Petroleum, and Mack Trucks—gained
control of additional transit systems in about 25 cities.[a] Systems
included St. Louis, Baltimore, Los Angeles, and Oakland. NCL often
converted streetcars to bus operations in that period, although
electric traction was preserved or expanded in some locations. Other
systems, such as San Diego's, were converted by outgrowths of the
City Lines. Most of the companies involved were convicted in 1949 of
conspiracy to monopolize interstate commerce in the sale of buses,
fuel, and supplies to NCL subsidiaries, but were acquitted of
conspiring to monopolize the transit industry.<br>
<br>
The story as an urban legend has been written about by Martha
Bianco, Scott Bottles, Sy Adler, Jonathan Richmond, Cliff Slater and
Robert Post. It has been explored several times in print, film, and
other media, notably in Who Framed Roger Rabbit, Taken for a Ride,
Internal Combustion, and The End of Suburbia.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_streetcar_conspiracy">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_streetcar_conspiracy</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cHLjfrAbLw">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cHLjfrAbLw</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<br>
<i>[ What if, what if... video ] </i><b><br>
</b><b> </b><b>What Will Happen If The Permafrost Melts?</b><br>
Planet Zero<br>
In the last two centuries, the world has seen unprecedented rises in
global temperature. This warming threatens the stability of a number
of climate systems, one of which being permafrost cover. As this
land thaws and melts, it has the potential to release carbon into
the atmosphere, speeding up the melting process. If this warming
goes unchecked for too long, there is a chance that this system
could cross its tipping point, releasing more carbon dioxide to
further melt more permafrost. These tipping points are why swift
emissions reductions are necessary today, to stop permafrost, or any
other climate systems, from going over a slippery slope.<br>
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- -<br>
References:<br>
[1] T. Zhang, R. G. Barry, K. Knowles, J. A. Heginbottom & J.
Brown (2008) Statistics and characteristics of permafrost and
ground-ice distribution in the Northern Hemisphere, Polar Geography,
31:1-2, 47-68, DOI: 10.1080/10889370802175895<br>
<br>
[2] Chadburn, S., Burke, E., Cox, P. et al. An observation-based
constraint on permafrost loss as a function of global warming.
Nature Clim Change 7, 340–344 (2017).
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3262">https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3262</a><br>
<br>
[3] <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer">https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer</a>...<br>
<br>
[4] Ruppel, C. D. (2011) Methane Hydrates and Contemporary Climate
Change. Nature Education Knowledge 3(10):29<br>
<br>
[5] <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://climatetippingpoints.info/201">https://climatetippingpoints.info/201</a>...<br>
<br>
[6] Ruppel, C. D., and Kessler, J. D. (2017), The interaction of
climate change and methane hydrates, Rev. Geophys., 55, 126- 168,
doi:10.1002/2016RG000534.<br>
<br>
[7] Hjort, J., Karjalainen, O., Aalto, J. et al. Degrading
permafrost puts Arctic infrastructure at risk by mid-century. Nat
Commun 9, 5147 (2018). <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07</a>...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DO-ezNc0ReA">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DO-ezNc0ReA</a><br>
<p>- -</p>
[ ABC is Australian ]<br>
<b>Siberia's rapidly melting permafrost is changing the landscape</b><br>
Siberia's rapidly melting permafrost is changing the landscape<br>
Oct 25, 2021<br>
ABC News<br>
ABC News' Patrick Reevell reports on the melting permafrost in some
parts of Russia that's putting roads and buildings at risk of
collapse, and may contribute to more greenhouse gases.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okx-OzFpNlA">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okx-OzFpNlA</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<br>
<i>[The news archive - looking back at a moment of Chris Christie
and the Kochs ]</i><br>
<font size="5"><b>March 30, 2015</b></font><br>
<p>The Washington Post connects the dots between New Jersey Governor
Chris Christie's ties to the Koch brothers and his state's
abandonment of clean-energy efforts.<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/wind-power-or-hot-air-foes-question-christies-shift-on-clean-energy/2015/03/29/f8faf97e-d3e3-11e4-a62f-ee745911a4ff_story.html">http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/wind-power-or-hot-air-foes-question-christies-shift-on-clean-energy/2015/03/29/f8faf97e-d3e3-11e4-a62f-ee745911a4ff_story.html</a>
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