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<font size="+2"><i><b>January 19, 2023</b></i></font><br>
<br>
<i>[ By the end of the year the Fed expects to know the risk.</i><i>
"follow the money" </i><i> Will it ask again next year? ] </i><br>
<b>Fake hurricanes and oil protests: How the Fed will test banks</b><br>
By Avery Ellfeldt | 01/18/2023<br>
The Federal Reserve is requiring the largest American banks to
assess how a major hurricane in the northeastern United States would
affect their real estate portfolios as part of a broader regulatory
exercise to measure the financial threats of climate change.<br>
<br>
The Fed released new details Tuesday about its anticipated “pilot
climate scenario analysis,” which will focus on the banking system’s
vulnerability to intensifying extreme weather events and business
disruptions from the clean energy transition. The central bank said
six major lenders — JPMorgan Chase & Co., Bank of America Corp.,
Wells Fargo & Co., Goldman Sachs Group Inc., Morgan Stanley and
Citigroup Inc. — have until the end of July to report how they would
perform under a range of future climate scenarios.<br>
The update comes as financial regulators step up efforts to grasp
the risk that rising temperatures have on banks, insurers and other
companies. The Securities and Exchange Commission is poised to
finalize a rule that would ask corporations to disclose their
greenhouse gas emissions, including — in some cases — those that are
released when people use their products. And the Federal Insurance
Office within the Treasury Department is preparing to ask major
insurers for details about their policies and claims, so it can
identify geographic areas that might lack coverage as disasters grow
more damaging.<br>
<br>
The Fed exercise will have two prongs. The first will deal with the
physical consequences of climate change on banks, like hurricanes,
wildfires, floods, heat waves and droughts. Those events could
threaten lenders if more frequent and severe natural disasters
exacerbate the financial stress of their customers — and limit their
ability to repay loans, officials said.<br>
<br>
The banks will be asked to assess how their real estate portfolios
would perform if hurricanes of varying size, or a series of
hurricanes, raked the Northeast with high winds, storm surge and
flooding. That has echoes of Superstorm Sandy, which killed at least
147 people and caused an estimated $80 billion in damage when it
rammed into the East Coast in 2012.<br>
<br>
The banks will also be asked to come up with a hypothetical climate
impact, or series of events, that could occur in other regions of
the country where they have substantial exposure. The banks will
need to estimate the potential impact of that “hazard” on their real
estate portfolios, accounting for different levels of insurance
coverage and other factors.<br>
<br>
The second prong of the exercise asks the banks to zero in on a
different issue: how their books might fare during the clean energy
transition. The Fed notes that the shift to low-carbon energy could
affect a bank if, for instance, consumers turn against
carbon-intensive business activities that are profitable to
corporate lenders. It could also tarnish the creditworthiness of
banks’ carbon-intensive clients that aren’t keeping pace with the
transition, officials said.<br>
<br>
The Fed will ask the banks to gauge their financial performance
under two scenarios. The first is a future in which governments fail
to adopt additional climate policies. In the second, the world
successfully limits global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above
preindustrial levels using “stringent climate policies and
innovation.”<br>
<br>
Citi and Wells Fargo declined to weigh in on the update from the
central bank. Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan, Morgan Stanley and Bank of
America did not respond to a request for comment.<br>
<br>
The announcement comes as financial regulators face pressure from
Democrats to ensure that financial institutions are addressing
climate-fueled risks — and pressure from Republicans to stay out of
the issue altogether.<br>
<br>
That debate will likely ricochet through exercise. Some conservative
lawmakers have accused the Fed of launching a “climate stress test”
that could penalize banks for doing business with oil and gas
companies — a claim that was rejected by financial officials. The
progressive group Public Citizen, meanwhile, is already criticizing
the Fed exercise for being too limited, saying it will “understate
the risks these major banks face from climate change.”<br>
<br>
Fed officials have repeatedly said that the results will not affect
the banks, and that it is just an educational exercise. They have
also emphasized that the effort is important because it will provide
a greater understanding of the banks’ preparation for — and exposure
to — rising temperatures.<br>
<br>
To design the scenarios, the Fed built on work by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Network for
Greening the Financial System (NGFS), a global coalition of central
banks that has released its own set of scenarios. The group’s
scenarios are used around the world, Fed officials said Tuesday.<br>
<br>
The Fed does not plan to release detailed results from the analysis.
Instead, the central bank will announce “aggregate level” results
near the end of this year.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.eenews.net/articles/fake-hurricanes-and-oil-protests-how-the-fed-will-test-banks/">https://www.eenews.net/articles/fake-hurricanes-and-oil-protests-how-the-fed-will-test-banks/</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<i>[ panic is unhealthy - instead, we have a predicament - and a
sad situation for media performers ]</i><br>
<b>Outlook? Terrifying: TV weather presenters on the hell and horror
of the climate crisis</b><br>
What is it like to have a front row seat for the worst show in the
world? Four meteorologists describe how they are explaining the
reality to viewers – and coping with it themselves...<br>
- -<br>
“The onset of something called attribution studies has made our
messaging easier and clearer. We are able to communicate now what we
have been seeing and feeling and understanding for a lot longer.”<br>
- -<br>
It’s that incremental change that builds over time that has really
sunk in for me – I now almost expect every storm to undergo rapid
intensification.”<br>
- -<br>
Parker agrees there’s now a responsibility to educate. “We have to
communicate climate in almost every forecast because it is our
responsibility to give people perspective.”<br>
<br>
And to accusations of scaremongering? “It is scary!” says Tobin.
“The reality of climate change is very scary. We had thousands more
deaths across the UK, tens of thousands across Europe, because of
the extreme heatwave. People were warned to take all the precautions
they could, look after the very old and vulnerable. But the reality
is that temperatures that are hotter than our bodies cause people to
die, and that will become my daughter’s summer normal when she is my
age. That is scary.”<br>
<br>
No sugar coating from Tobin then, but nor does she want it to be all
doom and gloom and it’s-too-late. Getting it on air helps; she has
also written a book, Everyday Ways to Save Our Planet. “I want
people to know this is bad but actually we can stop it getting
worse.” She puts it another way, in forecast form, though one she
might not get away with on breakfast TV. “The outlook is shit. But
how shit is it going to be? You can be responsible for making it
just a little bit shit, rather than like really, really shit.”<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jan/18/outlook-terrifying-tv-weather-presenters-on-the-hell-and-horror-of-the-climate-crisis">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jan/18/outlook-terrifying-tv-weather-presenters-on-the-hell-and-horror-of-the-climate-crisis</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ Beckisphere - young media woman's personal summary of major
climate news - rare authenticity ]</i><br>
<b>Ozone layer is HEALING! Gas stoves BREAK Twitter | RECAP</b><br>
Beckisphere Climate Corner<br>
1.67K subscribers<br>
Jan 18, 2023 #cookingwithgas #climatechange #cleanenergy<br>
If you like the work I do, please consider joining the Beckisphere
Patreon at <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.patreon.com/beckisphere">https://www.patreon.com/beckisphere</a> or buying me a cup of
coffee at <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/beckisphere">https://www.buymeacoffee.com/beckisphere</a>. Remember to talk
about the climate crisis every day and support your local news
organizations! <br>
<br>
Source list-
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://heavenly-sceptre-002.notion.site/1-17-23-Climate-Recap-6c630db8190d46b6afa4d4447de05ddb">https://heavenly-sceptre-002.notion.site/1-17-23-Climate-Recap-6c630db8190d46b6afa4d4447de05ddb</a><br>
Timestamps-<br>
<blockquote>00:00 Intro<br>
00:51 California floods<br>
03:19 Kariba Lake drought<br>
04:20 Europe heatwave<br>
04:53 2023 will be HOT<br>
06:04 Ozone layer's healing<br>
07:35 Rue break!<br>
07:50 XR switches tactics<br>
09:52 Group sues England<br>
10:47 German coal protest<br>
12:30 Permian Basin smog<br>
13:53 Personal ad<br>
14:23 EPA redefines WOTUS<br>
16:47 Gas stove culture wars<br>
20:00 Closing notes<br>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mc5XYpY8OO0">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mc5XYpY8OO0</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ CBS broadcast TV re-discovers sea level rise - gee, they can
return to this story at any time ]</i><br>
<b>Climate change impacts on U.S. coastlines</b><br>
CBS Sunday Morning<br>
198,104 views Jan 8, 2023 #pacifica #northcarolina #climatechange<br>
A new NASA report says sea levels along U.S. coastlines are expected
to rise as much as 12 inches by 2050, and by the end of the century
13 million Americans could be displaced and $1 trillion worth of
property inundated. Correspondent Ben Tracy looks at how residents
of North Carolina's Barrier Islands, Galveston, Texas, and Pacifica,
Calif., are grappling with changing coastlines, engaged in a battle
that Mother Nature is winning.<br>
#climatechange #northcarolina #pacifica #galvestontexas <br>
<br>
"CBS Sunday Morning" features stories on the arts, music, nature,
entertainment, sports, history, science and Americana, and
highlights unique human accomplishments and achievements. Check
local listings for CBS Sunday Morning broadcast times.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2GVbfCwYro">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2GVbfCwYro</a><br>
<p>- -</p>
<i>[ Pakistan builds structures that shows off new thinking ]</i><br>
<b>Pakistanis build climate-resilient homes in aftermath of
devastating floods</b><br>
PBS NewsHour<br>
4,887 views Jan 18, 2023<br>
Pakistan is struggling to recover from last year’s cataclysmic
flooding that killed more than 1,700. It was the latest in a string
of weather-related disasters the country has faced over the past two
decades, prompting calls to make hard-hit communities more resilient
as they rebuild. Fred de Sam Lazaro reports from the flood-ravaged
Sindh province, in partnership with the Pulitzer Center.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-x6uo7xHlM">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-x6uo7xHlM</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ post panic time to take care "despair is just beneath the
surface" - Ro Randall - 5 min video ]</i><br>
<b>Coping with the climate crisis 5: Hope and despair</b><br>
Ro Randall<br>
Aug 13, 2020<br>
Psychotherapist Rosemary Randall argues that the competing
narratives of hope and despair that have emerged during the climate
crisis both carry a desire for magical solutions and avoid difficult
political work. Drawing on her experience in the consulting room,
she suggests that we need to step past these narratives and face the
work that needs to be done.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yTjnibYegTM">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yTjnibYegTM</a>
<p> </p>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><i>[ aspirational techno-fides -- new invention ]</i><br>
<b>Jetoptera targets Mach 0.8 with bladeless-propulsion VTOL
aircraft</b><br>
By Loz Blain<br>
January 16, 2023<br>
Like bladeless Dyson fans on steroids, Jetoptera's unique aircraft
propulsion systems look like pure sci-fi. But they're beginning to
demonstrate some fascinating capabilities in testing, and the next
step will be a super-fast VTOL aircraft design.<br>
<b>How Jetoptera's Fluidic Propulsion Systems work</b><br>
We've explained these fluidic propulsion systems before in detail.
Indeed, Sir James Dyson did a pretty decent job of explaining the
basic concept to The Telegraph back in 2010. But in a nutshell,
they're not magic, they don't use ionic propulsion, and while
there are no blades or moving parts visible, they require a flow
of compressed air to function.<br>
You can use whatever you like as a compressed air source, but
Jetoptera doesn't see a ton of utility at this point in an
electric compressor; battery density simply isn't high enough to
deliver range figures the company would consider useful. Instead,
the company is starting out with efficient gas turbine generators,
routing the exhaust gas through the fluidic propulsion systems.<br>
<br>
This compressed air is forced through tiny, directional slits all
around the inner surface of Jetoptera's hollow propulsion units.
These inner surfaces are shaped like wings, and they do the same
job, creating a low-pressure vortex right in the middle of the
loop as the compressed air rushes over them<br>
The low-pressure vortex – plus the fluid entrainment vortices that
form where the accelerated air rushes out the back and interacts
with ambient air – sucks up to 15 times as much air through the
loop as was fed through by the compressor, and this multiplies the
thrust accordingly.<br>
<br>
<b>The Benefits</b><br>
First and foremost is efficiency. Jetoptera says the system
delivers 10% more thrust and uses 50% less fuel than a small
turbojet. Compared to turbofans or turboprops, it's about 30%
lighter and much less mechanically complex – clear advantages in
aviation.<br>
When it comes to transitioning VTOL aircraft, the fluidic
propulsion system is much lighter and less complex than tilting
propeller systems, and you're not trying to tilt a great big
spinning gyroscope, so it's easier to adjust the angle as you
transition between VTOL and cruise flight.<br>
They're reportedly significantly quieter than propellers, too;
with acoustic treatment Jetoptera says it's expecting to prove
they're as much as 25 dBA quieter than a comparable prop, with an
atonal noise signature. They also won't contribute much in the way
of vibrations, although you do have to account for noise and
vibrations from the combustion generator.<br>
<br>
You can position them around your airframe without worrying about
having spinning propellers near ground crew or pedestrians, and
you can easily design them to retract into the airframe for
high-speed cruise if necessary.<br>
<br>
What's more, you can tailor the shape to suit your application; in
a blown-wing short takeoff and landing (STOL) design, for example,
you might design long, flattish fluidic propulsion units that can
push air evenly right across the surface of the wing. Indeed, the
ability to generate so much lift from a wing surface means you can
have much shorter wings and a much more compact form factor than a
traditional airplane design – hence why many of Jetoptera's
concepts and prototypes use a tight box wing.<br>
<b>Current test results</b><br>
Indeed, that's one of the things Jetoptera has been testing. The
company says it's just finished its fourth Small Business
Innovation Research (SBIR) contract with the US Air Force, all of
which are stepping stones toward an eventual HSVTOL (High-speed
VTOL) aircraft design.<br>
<br>
The most recent contract allowed for the design and build of a
test rig for an upper surface blown wing, using a high-lift flap
system to deliver the maximum possible amount of lift. Jetoptera
worked with aerospace heavyweight Northrop Grumman, and its
subsidiary, unconventional aerospace design and materials
specialist Scaled Composites, hooking up the test system to an
electric compressor for static testing.<br>
<br>
The company says the tests demonstrated lift coefficients
"exceeding 8.0 – up to 40% better than propeller blown wings
results obtained under other programs and with lower noise
emission and vibrations."<br>
<b>Mach 0.8 HSVTOL design</b><br>
Jetoptera says it's also built a sub-scale model of its conceptual
design for the AFWERX HSVTOL program, in which it's one of 11
companies still in the running to design a next-gen VTOL military
aircraft capable of much higher performance than anything
currently on the market.<br>
<br>
The sub-scale model is already being tested in a wind tunnel.
Jetoptera says it predicts this machine will be capable of speeds
around Mach 0.8 (988 km/h, 614 mph). That's faster than the cruise
speed of a Dreamliner, and roughly twice as fast as any tiltrotor
can manage. To reach these speeds, the fluidic propulsion systems
will need to be fed by some pretty serious engines, so turbine
engine specialist Pratt & Whitney is joining Northrop Grumman
and Scaled Composites on the project team.<br>
<br>
The concept aircraft design will be validated in the next six
months, as part of a separate Small Business Technology Transfer
(STTR) contract with AFWERX that's already underway, and Jetoptera
says it expects to have a demonstrator built in 2025 – perhaps not
full scale, but "the largest size HSVTOL demonstrator we have ever
worked on and with unique capabilities."<br>
For such a radically different and sci-fi-looking concept,
Jetoptera's fluidic propulsion system is certainly starting to
look like it's got a legitimate contribution to make in the
aerospace world. The company says it's signed a deal for a
parafoil propulsion system, and it's in discussions with other
companies looking to use these things on manned and unmanned
aircraft in a range of sizes. It's amassed more than 50 patents,
with at least 100 more in the pipeline.<br>
<br>
One thing it hasn't done much of is updating its YouTube channel
and publicity materials, so you'll have to look at this
four-year-old video to see the fluidic propulsion system in action
on a remote-controlled aircraft.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://newatlas.com/aircraft/jetoptera-bladeless-hsvtol/">https://newatlas.com/aircraft/jetoptera-bladeless-hsvtol/</a><br>
</p>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[The news archive - looking back at the heroism of James Hansen -
promoting simple science understanding - early showdown with
ignorance. Physical reality prevails ]</i><br>
<font size="+2"><i><b>January 19, 2005</b></i></font> <br>
January 19, 2005: The Washington Post profiles NASA climate
scientist James Hansen, noting his conflicts with the Bush
administration over climate science.<br>
<blockquote>
<p><b>Putting Some Heat on Bush</b><br>
Scientist Inspires Anger, Awe for Challenges on Global Warming<br>
By Juliet Eilperin<br>
Washington Post Staff Writer<br>
Wednesday, January 19, 2005<br>
In his worn navy windbreaker, 63-year-old climatologist James E.
Hansen looks more like the Iowa farm native that he is than a
rebel -- but he's both.<br>
<br>
Hansen, a lifelong government employee who heads NASA's Goddard
Institute for Space Studies in New York, has inspired both anger
and awe in the nation's scientific and political communities
since publicly denouncing the Bush administration's policy on
climate change last year.<br>
<br>
Speaking in the swing state of Iowa days before the presidential
election, Hansen accused a senior administration official of
trying to block him from discussing the dangerous effects of
global warming.<br>
<br>
In the University of Iowa speech, Hansen recounted how NASA
Administrator Sean O'Keefe told him in a 2003 meeting that he
shouldn't talk "about dangerous anthropogenic interference" --
humans' influence on the atmosphere -- "because we do not know
enough or have enough evidence for what would constitute
dangerous anthropogenic interference."<br>
<br>
But Hansen said that scientists know enough to conclude we have
reached this danger point and that their efforts to get the word
out are being blocked by the administration. "In my more than
three decades in government, I have never seen anything
approaching the degree to which information flow from scientists
to the public has been screened and controlled as it has now,"
Hansen said. He added that although the administration wants to
wait 10 years to evaluate climate change, "delay of another
decade, I argue, is a colossal risk."<br>
<br>
Senior administration officials deny Hansen's charges: O'Keefe
spokesman Glenn Mahone said the administrator doesn't "recall
ever having the conversation" on climate change that Hansen
described, adding that O'Keefe "has encouraged open dialogue and
open conversation about those issues."<br>
<br>
But Hansen, who has worked for NASA since he was 25, has
continued to chide the administration for not moving swiftly
enough to address global warming. In a recent interview, he
called Bush officials "reasonable people" who need to be
convinced that climate change is an urgent matter.<br>
<br>
"As the evidence gathers, you would hope they would be
flexible," Hansen said in the slow, measured tones he has
retained from his years growing up on an Iowa farm. "We have to
deal with this. You can't ignore it."<br>
<br>
The ongoing sparring match between Hansen and his superiors
underscores a broader tension between President Bush's top
policy advisers and many senior U.S. scientists, who have loudly
blasted the administration's approach to environmental questions
in recent months. Nearly 50 Nobel laureates endorsed Sen. John
F. Kerry (D-Mass.) for president; this year the Union of
Concerned Scientists has collected more than 6,000 scientists'
signatures on a letter questioning how the president applies
research to policymaking.<br>
<br>
After the barrage of criticism, John H. Marburger III, Bush's
top science adviser, told Science magazine that if the
researchers continue their protests, they might alienate
influential lawmakers who set federal science budgets.<br>
<br>
Hansen, who also took on Bush's father, President George H.W.
Bush, on the question of climate change in the late 1980s, is
undeterred. An advocate for caps on carbon dioxide emissions and
stricter fuel standards for automobiles -- two policies that
Bush advisers say would hurt the U.S. economy -- Hansen said he
has to oppose what he said is the government's choice to delay
action on new regulations to limit emissions under the guise of
seeking more scientific research.<br>
<br>
"We have got to be an independent voice. We should not be
influenced in any way by funding," Hansen said.<br>
<br>
Hansen is no stranger to controversy. In 1989, he accused the
Office of Management and Budget of watering down his
congressional testimony on climate change to make the situation
appear less dire.<br>
<br>
"I'm strictly trying to understand the Earth as a planet," said
Hansen, who started his career studying the clouds around Venus
but switched in 1978 to climate modeling.<br>
</p>
<p>The administration has done nothing to punish Hansen since he
made his public comments last fall, and Marburger said in an
interview that he considers Hansen "a very good climate
scientist" who should stick to scientific analysis instead of
policy prescriptions.<br>
<br>
"I take his work seriously. His work has had a big impact on
this administration's climate-change policy," Marburger said.
"But he's not an economist. The fact that he's a good scientist
does not necessarily make him the best person to formulate
policy that would affect the economy."<br>
<br>
Former vice president Al Gore, who backs limits on emissions of
carbon dioxide, said the administration's strained relationship
with Hansen shows the "contempt for the rule of reason" of Bush
and his deputies.<br>
<br>
"When science conflicts with the exercise of power, they attempt
to demean the messenger attempting to deliver the truth, and
they seek out self-interested advocates of alternative views of
reality," said Gore, who as a senator defended Hansen during the
controversy over his 1989 testimony.<br>
<br>
Within the scientific community, Hansen remains respected for
much of his research, though some have questioned his recent
studies on the effect of aerosols on global warming. He is
popular at the space institute -- housed at Columbia University
above the famed diner from the comedy series "Seinfield" --
where he has played Frisbee in the halls.<br>
<br>
Gavin A. Schmidt, a climatologist who has worked with Hansen at
Goddard for nearly a decade, said Hansen gets his leverage from
the fact that he a senior scholar who is still breaking
scientific ground.<br>
<br>
"Very few people have that kind of longevity and credibility and
are still doing new things," Schmidt said. "Any time he says
something, it's news. He still sets the agenda."<br>
<br>
Kevin E. Trenberth, who heads the climate analysis section of
the nonprofit, federally funded National Center for Atmospheric
Research, said Hansen's willingness to espouse the dominant
scientific view on climate change "is a responsible thing to do,
even if it puts at potential jeopardy his own position."
Trenberth added: "This is an important issue, a long-term issue
that affects humanity in the future."<br>
<br>
Some, however, have questioned Hansen's approach. Patrick J.
Michaels, a climatologist and a senior fellow in environmental
studies at the libertarian Cato Institute, said it was
inappropriate for Hansen as a federal employee to attack the
administration in a battleground state less than two weeks
before the election.<br>
<br>
"The problem with Jim is he does climate and then he makes
policy decisions that I don't think are very thoughtful," said
Michaels, who receives funding from public and industry sources,
and opposes mandatory carbon controls.<br>
<br>
Hansen has found some common ground with administration
officials, who like his recent findings that curbing methane
emissions from landfills, mining operations and gas-drilling
ventures can help counter warming. The administration recently
persuaded more than a dozen countries to sign a pact to capture
methane before it is released into the atmosphere, a program
Hansen praised.<br>
<br>
But it remains unclear whether Bush officials can reach some
sort of detente with Hansen, who said in a recent e-mail that he
is not interested in "making the administration mad" but in
persuading it to cut carbon dioxide emissions from power plants
and elsewhere. But in the meantime, Hansen said he will continue
to press ahead with both research and advocacy.<br>
<br>
"You can't just give up," he said. "I remain optimistic, even in
this administration, that the evidence is going to become strong
enough so there's a chance there will be a change in policy."<br>
</p>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A19162-2005Jan18.html">http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A19162-2005Jan18.html</a>
<br>
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<p>======================================= <br>
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