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<font size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b>February 12, 2023</b></i></font><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font> <br>
<i>[ better have pancakes for breakfast, dig in now - Bloomberg $ ]</i><br>
<b>Maple Syrup’s $1.5 Billion Industry Splinters as Winters Get
Warmer</b><br>
Climate change will push syrup producers to tap trees farther north
and put the US industry at risk.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-02-11/how-climate-change-impacts-maple-syrup-production?leadSource=uverify%20wall"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-02-11/how-climate-change-impacts-maple-syrup-production?leadSource=uverify%20wall</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ National Centers for Environmental
Information ] <br>
</i></font><font face="Calibri"><b>NOAA Updates its Global Surface
Temperature Dataset</b><br>
</font> <font face="Calibri">New version has complete global
coverage</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">FEBRUARY 10, 2023<br>
</font><font face="Calibri">Providing reliable and quality climate
information allows government agencies, researchers, and others to
make informed decisions that can save lives and improve quality of
life. Since the late 1990s, NCEI has provided a suite of climate
services, including the monthly Global Climate Report, to support
this mission. One of its most highly visible and widely used
products is NOAA’s global surface temperature dataset (also known
as NOAAGlobalTemp), which is an authoritative dataset used to
assess observed global climate change. <br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/sites/g/files/anmtlf171/files/styles/max_1300x1300/public/NOAAGlobalTemp%20Land%20and%20Ocean%20Temp%20Departure.png?itok=wb57L8Gi"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/sites/g/files/anmtlf171/files/styles/max_1300x1300/public/NOAAGlobalTemp%20Land%20and%20Ocean%20Temp%20Departure.png?itok=wb57L8Gi</a><br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/sites/g/files/anmtlf171/files/styles/max_2600x2600/public/NOAAGlobalTemp%20Warmest%20Years.png?itok=VyjRB1iS"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/sites/g/files/anmtlf171/files/styles/max_2600x2600/public/NOAAGlobalTemp%20Warmest%20Years.png?itok=VyjRB1iS</a><br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/noaa-updates-its-global-surface-temperature-dataset"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/noaa-updates-its-global-surface-temperature-dataset</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font> </p>
<font face="Calibri"> <i>[ beyond stupidity - into outrageous
cupidity (selfishness) - from DeSmog ]</i></font><br>
<b>Growing Body of Research Suggests Offshore Oil’s Methane
Pollution Is Underestimated</b><br>
Previous efforts to regulate offshore methane emissions stalled,
despite role in helicopter crashes.<br>
BySara SneathonFeb 7, 2023 @ 10:22 PST<br>
- -<br>
“I think the bottom line message in this study is there’s a lot of
emissions in the shallow waters that are currently unmeasured,” said
Riley Duren, the CEO of Carbon Mapper and coauthor of the
nonprofit’s 2022 study of offshore methane emissions. <br>
<br>
New technologies are allowing for actual measurements of oil and gas
methane emissions like never before, whether from leaks or
intentional flaring and venting. So far, much of that attention and
push for accountability has been focused onshore, while operators
claim that drilling offshore has much lower emissions. But
researchers are starting to uncover a body of evidence showing why
that may not be true...<br>
- -<br>
<b> -- -- Leaking Methane, Crashing Helicopters</b><br>
In 2014, federal officials warned BSEE that vented methane gas had
been sucked into the engines of helicopters landing on and departing
from offshore platforms, causing the engines to fail and the
helicopters to fall out of the sky. A review of incidents found that
helicopters had likely plunged into the Gulf every 1.5 years between
1992 and 2014 because of off-gas, according to a 2015 report
commissioned by BSEE.<br>
<br>
On the heels of this warning, BSEE sought regulatory input to
prevent future helicopter crashes from methane gas and considered
requiring methane gas detectors to give pilots a warning when gas
was present on or near helidecks. But the agency’s efforts
ultimately stalled in 2017 after the fossil fuel industry pushed
back.<br>
- -<br>
“What we do know is that there is a hell of a lot more methane being
released from offshore drilling than what was publicly known
before,” he said. <br>
<br>
The Department of Interior, which BSEE falls under, should crack
down on methane emissions offshore, Eaton said. <br>
<br>
“No one really knows how bad of a problem it is and something needs
to be done,” he said. “Getting some methane regulations on the books
is crucial and it should be done soon.”<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.desmog.com/2023/02/07/gulf-mexico-offshore-oil-methane-pollution-helicopter-crashes/"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.desmog.com/2023/02/07/gulf-mexico-offshore-oil-methane-pollution-helicopter-crashes/</a>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ the Journal nature - reminds us of what we observe]</i><br>
<b>US coastal communities underestimate the danger posed by rising
seas</b><br>
Local guidance in many coastal regions is inconsistent with the
latest climate science, analysis shows.<br>
Jude Coleman<br>
10 February 2023<br>
More than half of US coastal communities are underestimating the
rise in sea levels that global warming might cause in their regions,
according to a study. In what they call a first-of-its-kind
analysis, researchers reviewed dozens of documents — the current
assessments of sea-level rise for more than 50 coastal locations —
and found that many of the predictions had gaps, including not
considering worst-case scenarios. They reported their findings on 23
January in Earth’s Future...<br>
- -<br>
“It’s not often that we see studies that look at how science is
being used within decision-making,” says Siddharth Narayan, a civil
and coastal engineer at East Carolina University in Greenville,
North Carolina. “This is a really interesting look at how this
varies across the US...<br>
- - <br>
Climate researchers regularly model future sea-level rise,
continually updating their estimates on the basis of the latest data
and science. These predictions are available to regional officials
through technical reports such as those from the United Nations
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Sometimes,
communities adapt the latest projections to incorporate factors
unique to their regions — such as land subsidence, a process in
which the ground gradually sinks.<br>
<br>
Garner and her colleagues wanted to see how the latest science is
making its way into local guidance documents. So they analysed
nearly 400 projections of sea-level rise included in the assessments
from 54 coastal locations in the United States, and compared them
with regional estimates in the IPCC’s sixth assessment report,
released in 2021 — one of the most comprehensive summaries of
climate science so far. Sea-level projections from at least 56% of
the communities included in the analysis did not reflect the upper
range of the IPCC’s predicted rise by 2100...<br>
- -<br>
<b>Risk tolerance</b><br>
Assessing the full range of projections and timescales is beneficial
because different projects have different risk tolerances, says
Peter Ruggiero, principal investigator and co-director of the
Cascadia Coastline and Peoples Hazards Research Hub, a network of
scientists in Washington, Oregon and northern California funded by
the US National Science Foundation. Garner explains that a power
station near the coast, for example, would have a lower risk
tolerance than a project such as a city park, because the power
station would be likely to sustain greater damage from additional
sea-level rise. Projects with a low risk tolerance therefore benefit
from considering less probable — but more damaging — scenarios.<br>
<br>
Garner says that the 2021 IPCC report is the first of its kind to be
widely available in a user-friendly format, and she hopes that this
will encourage more communities to use its data for future planning.
Some coastal regions are keeping pace with current science, she
adds, and those areas could serve as models to help improve
assessments in all locations.<br>
<br>
doi: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00384-8"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00384-8</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00384-8"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00384-8</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ From Foreign Policy $ ]</i><br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><b>Climate Change Looms Behind South
America’s Heat Wave</b><br>
The dry heat has worsened deadly forest fires in Chile and caused
expensive droughts in Argentina’s and Uruguay’s agriculture
sectors...<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/02/10/chile-wildfires-heat-wave-climate-change-south-america-chinese-balloons/"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/02/10/chile-wildfires-heat-wave-climate-change-south-america-chinese-balloons/</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ Paul Beckwith explains Atmospheric Rivers
-- video 39 min ]</i><br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><b>The Global Reach of Atmospheric
Rivers: From the Arctic to Antarctica to the Equator and
In-Between</b><br>
Paul Beckwith<br>
227 views Feb 10, 2023<br>
The Arctic sea ice is near a record low extent and area for its
winter regrowth, and the Antarctic sea ice is at a record low by a
long shot. It turns out that Atmospheric Rivers - ARs, which carry
vast amounts of heat and moisture in thin ribbons of air
stretching 1000s of km, are reaching the two polar regions and
acting like garden hoses carrying near boiling water to etch out
the sea ice, and even the on-land glacial ice. <br>
<br>
A new peer reviewed scientific paper on the Arctic was just
published clearly showing that atmospheric rivers reaching deep
into the Arctic in the winter (when the sea ice is reforming) are
responsible for 34% of ice loss, meaning that when the summer melt
starts to occur the ice is already extremely weak, thin, and
fragile. In fact very little ice makes it from one year to the
next. <br>
<br>
The exact same phenomena of ARs was responsible for the large
quantities of rainfall that hit California in late December 2022
and January 2023. It seems like only a matter of time before a
massive AR series of storms has catastrophic effects on California
food production by flooding out large parts of the Central Valley
region as happened in 1861-1862z<br>
<br>
In this video I chat about the global reach of these ARs. I
discuss how Atmospheric Rivers can be affected by ENSO (El Niño-
La Niña cycles) and abrupt climate system change. <br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=avD3TT-kRdU"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=avD3TT-kRdU</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ Excellent academic lecture Vimeo is the
basis for her new book - 55 minutes ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>Naomi Oreskes: The Big Myth: How American
Business Taught Us to Loathe Government and Love the Free Market</b></font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Keynote</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">6e Journées suisses d'histoire</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Université de Genève, 01 juillet 2022</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://vimeo.com/727392720" moz-do-not-send="true">https://vimeo.com/727392720</a></font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ and Amazon will carry </i><i><strike>the
rope</strike></i><i> er, the book ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>The Big Myth: How American Business Taught
Us to Loathe Government and Love the Free Market</b></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://smile.amazon.com//dp/B0B55F4XBY"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://smile.amazon.com//dp/B0B55F4XBY</a></font><br>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ Cough, cough, ahem.... cough, cough.
Makes sense. ]</i><br>
</font> <b>Wildfire Smoke May Worsen Extreme Blazes Near Some
Coasts, According to New Research</b><br>
Scientists identified a positive feedback of smoke spurring weather
changes that encourage the growth of extreme wildfires on the West
Coast and in Southeast Asia.<br>
By Emma Foehringer Merchant<br>
February 10, 2023<br>
Apart from clouding skies, irritating eyes, clogging respiratory
systems and warming the climate, smoke from huge wildfires may
actually help fires grow in some coastal areas, according to
recently released research. The acrid smoke billowing from a
megafire can drive a feedback loop impacting surface winds and
humidity to help a fire spread, scientists said. <br>
<br>
“Wildfire is not just a passive responder or consequence of climate
warming or extreme weather conditions,” said Xin Huang, an associate
professor of atmospheric sciences at Nanjing University and one of
the paper’s authors. “It’s also an active and very important
participant in the extreme event.”<br>
<br>
Firefighters and scientists have long understood that wildfires can
create their own weather, with large blazes spawning stormy plumes
of clouds that can drive strong, erratic winds that fan flames or
strike the ground with lightning. But the new research suggests the
smoke from large wildfires may also affect the weather and the fires
they drive. <br>
<br>
The team demonstrated “unexpectedly strong feedback between wildfire
and weather” in extreme fires in two different coastal regions on
opposite sides of the world from one another—the Mediterranean
climate of the U.S. West Coast and the monsoon-influenced climate of
Southeast Asia. The results could add another datapoint to land
managers’ complex calculations for how to cope with wildfire.<br>
In 2020, fires in the Cascade Mountains in Oregon created smoke so
thick that it blocked sunlight from reaching the ground, trapping
cool air underneath, “like a lid that prevents the smoke from going
anywhere,” said Steven Davis, another of the report’s authors and an
associate professor of earth system science at the University of
California, Irvine.<br>
<br>
That’s a phenomenon that scientists have observed in numerous fires,
said Diana Bernstein, a climate scientist at the University of
Southern Mississippi who was not involved in the research. But that
has usually resulted in less severe fires as temperatures drop near
the ground and wind patterns change when smoke blots out the sun.
Past research focused on years of fires in a mountain range spanning
Northern California and Southern Oregon suggested that when smoke
creates temperature “inversions”—when the cap of warm air covers
cooler air—it reduces winds and increases humidity near the ground,
dampening fire severity in lower elevations.<br>
<br>
But in their assessment of the extreme fire events in Oregon,
researchers found something different: a gap in air density made
dry, cool air below the smoke “lid” rush down the West side of the
mountains, pushing back breezes coming in from the Pacific Ocean
that may have otherwise carried in enough humidity to dampen the
flames. The dry winds and low humidity that remained increased the
fire’s potential to burn intensely and produce more smoke,
researchers said.<br>
<br>
“This feedback is driving a circulation that we previously maybe
didn’t appreciate completely,” said John Abatzoglou, a climatologist
at University of California, Merced, who was not involved in the
paper. “That circulation modifies the near-surface winds, which is
one of the key ingredients, from a fire behavior perspective.”<br>
<br>
Scientists have drawn a clear connection between climate change and
worsening wildfires. And researchers have already shown some ways in
which fires can interact with the atmosphere. In addition to their
influence on ground temperature, wildfires can reduce the height of
the “planetary boundary layer,” the band of the atmosphere closest
to earth, which then holds smoke closer to the ground and worsens
air quality.<br>
<br>
Davis said the researchers wanted to fill in gaps in that knowledge.
He believes this is the first study to show a feedback between smoke
generated by a fire and the severity of the fire itself, with smoke
increasing the intensity of the fire, which then produces more
smoke. <br>
Still, a wildfire’s interactions with the atmosphere and the
environment are complex, with terrain, vegetation, elevation and
regional weather also contributing to the way a blaze develops. More
research is needed to understand whether the smoke and fire feedback
occurs in other areas.<br>
<br>
“Let’s do more science,” said Abatzoglou. “Evaluating how this
feedback works across a broader geography would be relevant.”<br>
<br>
How fires interact with the weather of a specific, local area is an
emerging area of research, according to Tim Brown, director of the
Western Regional Climate Center at the Desert Research Institute, an
environmental research center in Nevada. The goal is to be able to
model fire behavior to predict how a fire could act and where smoke
will travel.<br>
<br>
“All that is actually quite complex to try and model,” he said.<br>
<br>
If integrated with fire management, Davis said the research could
inform the complicated calculus of how to allocate scarce
firefighting resources. At the beginning of last year, the U.S.
Forest Service unveiled a new “Wildfire Crisis Strategy” to direct
its firefighting in the next decade. <br>
<br>
<p>“The science is moving forward to understand which fires are
going to be worse, so that we can prioritize our prevention and
firefighting efforts,” said Davis. “We need more research on this
to really try to understand which areas are most at risk.”</p>
<p> -- Emma Foehringer Merchant<br>
</p>
<p><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10022023/wildfire-smoke-coast/"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10022023/wildfire-smoke-coast/</a><i><br>
</i></p>
<p><i>- -</i></p>
<i>[ perhaps referring to source material will help with
understanding ]</i><br>
<b>Smoke-weather interaction affects extreme wildfires in diverse
coastal regions</b><br>
SCIENCE<br>
2 Feb 2023<br>
<b>Feedback promotes fire</b><br>
How much might interactions between wildfires and local meteorology
affect short-term wildfire variability? Huang et al. show that
large-scale feedbacks are an important driving force on extreme
fires in the Mediterranean, the West Coast of the United States, and
Southeastern Asia. Smoke aerosols trap and absorb solar energy,
changing local wind and rainfall patterns and ultimately enhancing
fire emissions. These interactions constitute a positive feedback
that increases air pollution exposure and accelerates wildfire
expansion. —HJS<br>
<b>Abstract</b><br>
Extreme wildfires threaten human lives, air quality, and ecosystems.
Meteorology plays a vital role in wildfire behaviors, and the links
between wildfires and climate have been widely studied. However, it
is not fully clear how fire-weather feedback affects short-term
wildfire variability, which undermines our ability to mitigate fire
disasters. Here, we show the primacy of synoptic-scale feedback in
driving extreme fires in Mediterranean and monsoon climate regimes
in the West Coast of the United States and Southeastern Asia. We
found that radiative effects of smoke aerosols can modify
near-surface wind, air dryness, and rainfall and thus worsen air
pollution by enhancing fire emissions and weakening dispersion. The
intricate interactions among wildfires, smoke, and weather form a
positive feedback loop that substantially increases air pollution
exposure.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.add9843"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.add9843</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.add9843?adobe_mc=MCMID%3D90072822070346121841557137645376009269%7CMCORGID%3D242B6472541199F70A4C98A6%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1675364567&_ga=2.143481013.1252927546.1675275134-2055836083.1674584372#supplementary-materials"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.add9843?adobe_mc=MCMID%3D90072822070346121841557137645376009269%7CMCORGID%3D242B6472541199F70A4C98A6%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1675364567&_ga=2.143481013.1252927546.1675275134-2055836083.1674584372#supplementary-materials</a><br>
<p><i><br>
</i></p>
<p><i><br>
</i></p>
<p><i>[damn,...these are important details for understanding - video
48 min]</i><br>
<b>Mark Mills: The energy transition delusion: inescapable mineral
realities</b><br>
Jan 16, 2023<br>
Energy expert Mark Mills speaks at SKAGEN Funds New Years
Conference 2023<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sgOEGKDVvsg"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sgOEGKDVvsg</a><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<font face="Calibri"> <i>[The news archive - full 54 minute show
of The Unchained Goddess - excellent educational video that I
may have seen at age 9 - this is a great piece of media history
]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> <font size="+2"><i><b>February 12, 1958</b></i></font>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font> <font face="Calibri">February 12,
1958: "The Unchained Goddess," from the Bell Laboratory Science
Series produced by Frank Capra, is broadcast. "Goddess" directly
addresses human-caused climate change; the existence of the
program would never be acknowledged by climate-change deniers.</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Climate Change 1958: The Bell Telephone Science
Hour<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPPh_PWl4hg"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPPh_PWl4hg</a></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> <br>
<br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri">======================================= <br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><b class="moz-txt-star"><span
class="moz-txt-tag">*Mass media is lacking, many </span>daily
summaries<span class="moz-txt-tag"> deliver global warming
news - a few are email delivered*</span></b> <br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><br>
=========================================================<br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><b>*Inside Climate News</b><br>
Newsletters<br>
We deliver climate news to your inbox like nobody else. Every
day or once a week, our original stories and digest of the web’s
top headlines deliver the full story, for free.<br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/" moz-do-not-send="true">https://insideclimatenews.org/</a><br>
--------------------------------------- <br>
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