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<font size="+2"><font face="Calibri"><i><b>April</b></i></font></font><font
size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b> 15, 2023</b></i></font><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"> </font> <br>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ cartoon is amusing - but CO2 levels are
423.01 ppm ] </i><br>
</font> <font face="Calibri">First Dog on the Moon<br>
Climate crisis<br>
<b>Big news in the close-knit and secretive climate change
community!</b><br>
</font><font face="Calibri">14 Apr 2023<br>
</font><font face="Calibri">Many of these record-breaking climate
events go unnoticed because it’s too much for our tiny brains so
nobody ‘clicks’ on them any more</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/apr/14/big-news-in-the-close-knit-and-secretive-climate-change-community">https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/apr/14/big-news-in-the-close-knit-and-secretive-climate-change-community</a></font><i><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font></i>
<p><i><font face="Calibri"><br>
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</font></i></p>
<i><font face="Calibri">[ AP overview of droughts ]<br>
</font></i><font face="Calibri"><b>As Earth warms, more ‘flash
droughts’ suck soil, plants dry</b><br>
By SETH BORENSTEIN<br>
April 13, 2023</font><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font><font face="Calibri">Climate change is making droughts faster
and more furious, especially a specific fast-developing
heat-driven kind that catch farmers by surprise, a new study
found.<br>
<br>
The study in Thursday’s journal Science found droughts in general
are being triggered faster. But it also showed that a special and
particularly nasty sudden kind — called “flash droughts” by
experts — is casting an ever bigger crop-killing footprint.<br>
<br>
It comes only in the growing season – mostly summer, but also
spring and fall – and is insidious because it’s caused not just by
the lack of rain or snow that’s behind a typical slow-onset
drought, hydrologists and meteorologists said.<br>
<br>
What happens is the air gets so hot and so dry that it sucks water
right out of plants and soil.<br>
<br>
“It’s the increasing thirstiness of the atmosphere,” said UCLA and
National Center for Atmospheric Research climate scientist Daniel
Swain, who wasn’t part of the study. Swain called the issue “very
relevant in a warming climate.”<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">The term flash drought was coined around 2000
but it really took off in 2012, when a $30 billion sudden drought
struck the central United States, one of the worst droughts since
the infamous Dust Bowl devastated the Plains in the 1930s,
according to the study<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">“Because it occurs very, very fast people
started to focus on this new phenomenon,” said study lead author
Xing Yuan, dean of the School of Hydrology and Water Resources at
Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology in China.
“For the 2012 drought, actually the drought just developed in a
very severe condition just within a month.”<br>
<br>
Most of China’s Yangtze River basin last summer was struck by a
flash drought that developed within only a month due to high
temperatures, which also triggered wildfires, Yuan said. Parts of
the river dried up and there was an energy shortage in southern
China because hydropower wouldn’t work, he said.<br>
<br>
“It developed very fast so you don’t have enough time to prepare
for this drought,” Yuan said.<br>
<br>
Another sudden drought happened in the U.S. Southeast in 2016 and
was a factor in devastating wildfires in Gatlinburg, Tennessee,
said Jason Otkin, a study co-author and an atmospheric scientist
at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">The current drought in the Oklahoma-Texas
panhandle and Kansas started two years ago as a rapid onset
drought, said Joel Lisonbee, a climatologist at the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Integrated
Drought Information System in Colorado. He wasn’t part of the
study but praised it, saying “essentially a warmer world allows
for faster onset of drought.”<br>
<br>
Yuan, Otkin and their research team looked back at droughts, how
fast they occurred and what kind they were, across the globe since
1951 and found flash droughts are happening more often in nearly
three-quarters of the climate regions of the world. They also
found droughts of all kinds happening faster.<br>
<br>
Although they couldn’t quantify how much faster because of the
variability in places and times, Yuan said it would be fair to say
droughts are happening weeks earlier than they once did.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Yuan said some of the bigger increases in
sudden droughts have been in Europe and Australia. Outside experts
pointed to the Amazon as prone to them.<br>
<br>
“We have to pay attention to this phenomenon because it’s
increasing,” Yuan said.<br>
<br>
Yuan’s team also used computer simulations – both with worst-case
warming and more moderate warming – and projected that the
proportion of flash droughts will increase in a warmer world and
droughts will continue to keep happening faster.<br>
<br>
By definition, flash droughts – because they result from low soil
moisture levels – are especially bad for agriculture, experts
said.<br>
<br>
The trouble is there has been an old way of thinking that “we have
months or years before we need to worry about drought,” said Mark
Svoboda, director of the National Drought Mitigation Center at the
University of Nebraska-Lincoln.<br>
<br>
That’s the reason why Svoboda, who wasn’t part of this study, said
he pioneered the term “flash drought” and wanted to “dispel the
notion that droughts only manifest themselves over long period of
time.”<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Svoboda’s agency recommends that farmers,
ranchers, municipal water suppliers and hydropower plants come up
with plans for droughts. For example, farmers and ranchers should
know how susceptible they are to drought and have alternative
plans for plantings or foraging.<br>
<br>
NOAA’s Lisonbee said in an email that the problem is “in a slowly
evolving drought if a farmer thinks the season ahead will be dry,
they may consider a more drought-tolerant crop that season, but
when a flash drought occurs it is likely the crops are already in
the ground and there is little that can be done.”<br>
</font><font face="Calibri">__<br>
Follow AP’s climate and environment coverage at
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://apnews.com/hub/climate-and-environment">https://apnews.com/hub/climate-and-environment</a><br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://apnews.com/article/drought-sudden-agriculture-climate-change-heat-befc5fc8cf43a430b29f023bca40acc0">https://apnews.com/article/drought-sudden-agriculture-climate-change-heat-befc5fc8cf43a430b29f023bca40acc0</a></font><i><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font></i>
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</font></i> </p>
<i> </i><font face="Calibri"><i> [ on coastline carbon capture ]</i></font><br>
<b>Coastal Carbon Sink Response to Increasing Global and Regional
Sea Level Rise</b><br>
Paul Beckwith<br>
Apr 14, 2023<br>
Coastlines consisting of a bay, a marsh, and then a forest capture a
lot of carbon. Thus, it is very important to see how this carbon
sink depends on sea level rise (SLR). <br>
<br>
A fairly new peer reviewed scientific paper studies this, and finds
out that for low (2-5 mm per year) up to high (about 10 mm per year)
of SLR there is an increase in the amount of carbon stored. The
study shows the importance of carbon that is deposited into soils
and sediments from growing vegetation, versus carbon that is brought
there from elsewhere (by sea water inundation and marsh brine). <br>
<br>
Most importantly, the research finds that as SLR increases at faster
rates than 10 mm per year the coastline is not able to adjust fast
enough and the carbon sink then reduces a lot. Bad news.<br>
<br>
Global sea level rise is about 4.5 mm per year now, but regional
differences are very significant. Specifically, local SLR of about
10 mm per year are already being seen in some areas of the US
southeast coastline and southern Gulf Coast ecosystems. Not good.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://youtu.be/x92wUzN6b6M">https://youtu.be/x92wUzN6b6M</a><br>
<p>- -</p>
<i>[ from the journal nature ]</i><br>
<b>Sea Level Rise is a Double-Edged Sword for Coastal Carbon
Sequestration</b><br>
We demonstrate that sea level rise enhances carbon preservation in
soils, but changes the location of carbon storage- from relatively
stable forests to more vulnerable marshes.<br>
Published Mar 13, 2023<br>
Go to the profile of Kendall Valentine<br>
Kendall Valentine<br>
Assistant Professor, University of Washingto<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://earthenvironmentcommunity.nature.com/posts/carbon-becomes-vulnerable-with-slr">https://earthenvironmentcommunity.nature.com/posts/carbon-becomes-vulnerable-with-slr</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font> </p>
<font face="Calibri"> <i>[ Three parts Classic videos from last
year -- History of a deception first PBS video 1:24 ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font>In an epic three-part documentary
series, FRONTLINE investigates the decades-long failure to confront
the threat of climate change and the role of the fossil fuel
industry.<br>
<b>The Power of Big Oil Part One: Denial (full documentary) |
FRONTLINE</b><br>
FRONTLINE PBS | Official<br>
1,679,993 views Apr 19, 2022 #ClimateChange #Docuseries #BigOil<br>
Watch part one of “The Power of Big Oil,” a three-episode FRONTLINE
docuseries investigating the fossil fuel industry’s history of
casting doubt and delaying action on climate change. <br>
<blockquote>Part One charts the fossil fuel industry’s early
research on climate change and investigates industry efforts to
sow seeds of doubt about the science. Part Two explores the
industry’s efforts to stall climate policy, even as evidence about
climate change grew more certain in the new millennium. And as
leading climate scientists issue new warnings about climate
change, Part Three examines how the fossil fuel industry worked to
delay the transition to renewable energy sources — including by
promoting natural gas as a cleaner alternative.<br>
</blockquote>
Go inside the decades-long failure to confront the threat and
increasing impacts of climate change in “The Power of Big Oil.” This
deeply researched docuseries reveals what scientists, corporations
and politicians have known about human-caused climate change for
decades, and the missed opportunities to mitigate the problem.<br>
<br>
Parts two and three of “The Power of Big Oil” premiere April 26 and
May 3 on PBS and online: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://to.pbs.org/3rByEEe">https://to.pbs.org/3rByEEe</a><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAAbcNl4Lb8&">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAAbcNl4Lb8&</a></font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">- - full documentary in </font><font
face="Calibri">3 parts </font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>THE POWER OF BIG OIL PART ONE: DENIAL</b></font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Apr. 19, 2022 / 1h 25m</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/documentary/the-power-of-big-oil/">https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/documentary/the-power-of-big-oil/</a>
</font><br>
<br>
<b><font face="Calibri">PART TWO: DOUBT Apr. 26, 2022 / 54m</font></b><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/documentary/the-power-of-big-oil/#video-2">https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/documentary/the-power-of-big-oil/#video-2</a></font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>PART THREE: DELAY </b><b>May. 03, 2022 /
54m</b></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/documentary/the-power-of-big-oil/#video-3">https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/documentary/the-power-of-big-oil/#video-3</a></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> Transcript for all three
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/documentary/the-power-of-big-oil/transcript/">https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/documentary/the-power-of-big-oil/transcript/</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ Nate Hagens ]</i><br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><b>Reality, Probability, and Perception
| Frankly #29</b><br>
Nate Hagens<br>
Apr 14, 2023 #thegreatsimplification #frankly #natehagens<br>
Recorded April 10, 2023<br>
Description<br>
In this Frankly, Nate explains how he views the future from a
probability perspective - a tool frequently used in industries
such as finance, retirement planning, and by e.g. gamblers. While
there will be only one eventual outcome, the possible paths to
that future fall in a distribution, with some results much more
likely than others. We can shift these results with our actions in
the present. However, no one person can know this distribution
perfectly, only the distribution shaped by their own bias,
knowledge, and perspective. How might we use a probabilistic
approach to better understand what’s possible - and even to better
relate to others? By thinking of the future as a spectrum, can we
avoid falling into traps of certainty and complacency that
inevitably lead to inaction? While there are some outcomes that
are impossible, there are still many within our power to steer
towards during a Simplification.<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uWn2svl6aBU">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uWn2svl6aBU</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font> </p>
<font face="Calibri"> <i>[The news archive - looking back]</i><br>
<font size="+2"><i><b>April 15, 1988, 2013, 2014</b></i></font> <br>
April 15, 1988: In a speech at St. John's University in New York,
Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore states (specifically in
reference to the threat of nuclear weapons, though the statement
certainly applies to *another* worldwide threat): "I believe that
it is possible that future generations will look back on this
election year of 1988 and wonder with amazement how we could have
let these problems go unattended for so long."<br>
<br>
(22:50--23:01)<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://c-spanvideo.org/program/GoreCampa">http://c-spanvideo.org/program/GoreCampa</a><br>
<br>
- - <br>
<br>
April 15, 2013: InsideClimate News wins the Pulitzer Prize for
national reporting.<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://insideclimatenews.org/news/20130415/insideclimate-news-team-wins-pulitzer-prize-national-reporting">http://insideclimatenews.org/news/20130415/insideclimate-news-team-wins-pulitzer-prize-national-reporting</a><br>
<br>
- -<br>
April 15, 2014:<br>
<br>
• The New York Times reports on political obstacles to action on
climate change in Congress.<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/15/us/politics/political-rifts-slow-us-effort-on-climate-laws.html">http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/15/us/politics/political-rifts-slow-us-effort-on-climate-laws.html</a><br>
<br>
<br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri">======================================= <br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><b class="moz-txt-star"><span
class="moz-txt-tag">*Mass media is lacking, many </span>daily
summaries<span class="moz-txt-tag"> deliver global warming
news - a few are email delivered*</span></b> <br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><br>
=========================================================<br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><b>*Inside Climate News</b><br>
Newsletters<br>
We deliver climate news to your inbox like nobody else. Every
day or once a week, our original stories and digest of the web’s
top headlines deliver the full story, for free.<br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/">https://insideclimatenews.org/</a><br>
--------------------------------------- <br>
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================================= <br>
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