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<p><font size="+2"><font face="Calibri"><i><b>May</b></i></font></font><font
size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b> 2, 2023</b></i></font><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is a
well respected group ] </i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font> <font face="Calibri"><b>Catastrophic
risks are converging. It’s time for researchers to step out of
their silos.</b></font><br>
<font face="Calibri">By Kayla Lucero-Matteucci | May 1, 2023</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">To be effective, those who hope to reduce the
probability and impact of existential risks must make themselves
literate in multiple crises, discerning how their work affects,
and is affected by, other domains. They must also understand how
their work impacts the communities most vulnerable to catastrophic
risks.</font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">A new epoch, a new type of practitioner. While
human beings have always been vulnerable to naturally occurring
hazards—including volcanoes, asteroids, and infectious
diseases—the period following World War II introduced numerous
human-caused (or anthropogenic) risks to society. Post-1945, the
world experienced a Great Acceleration in globalized economic
activity, resulting in an intensification of environmental harms,
including emissions of heat-trapping gases such as carbon dioxide.
In the decades that followed, anthropogenic risks from nuclear
weapons, increasingly sophisticated biological weapons, and
artificial intelligence (AI)—to name a few—also ballooned.</font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">As a result, humanity now has a greater ability
to inflict widespread harm on the planet than ever before. Along
with the power to damage the natural environment on a massive
scale, humans also have an unprecedented capacity to undermine the
long-term survival of their own species. Indeed, some scientists
have suggested that the first detonation of a nuclear weapon at
the Trinity Site in New Mexico should be considered the official
start of an Anthropocene Epoch, as it marked the introduction of
the most destructive technology in human history.</font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">In the context of these evolving global human
impacts, the task of limiting their most catastrophic consequences
is an enormous one. Plans to guard against global disaster must
account for the sheer magnitude and complexity of such risks, as
well as the ways in which they might interact unexpectedly,
augmenting one another or creating unintended cascading effects.
Take nuclear winter, for instance: Beyond killing hundreds of
thousands or millions of people immediately, even a “small”
regional nuclear exchange could wreak havoc on the environment,
dealing a shattering blow to ecosystems already struggling with
rapid biodiversity loss caused by human activities. Under such
circumstances, modelling suggests that global agriculture could
also falter, with billions dying of starvation...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Anthropogenic climate change is itself a source
of risk that could cascade into or intersect with others. The more
the planet warms and natural habitats are destroyed, the more wild
animals will be displaced. Their movements can allow for pathogens
to spread more easily, creating a greater risk of disease
transmission from animals to humans, which can lead to global
pandemics.</font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">These looming possibilities demand actionable
research to address converging risks within a shrinking window of
time. Accordingly, in the last two decades, a growing discipline
has coalesced around the study of catastrophic and existential
risks to humanity.</font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">Learning from the study of catastrophic and
existential risks. The benefits of the cross-disciplinary approach
to reducing catastrophic and existential risks to humanity are
numerous. First, such an approach improves research by making
optimal use of limited resources and sharing insights, failures,
and lessons across areas of risk. Having previously worked mostly
with specialists in the nuclear field, at Cambridge’s Center for
the Study of Existential Risk (CSER) I now interact daily with
colleagues whose expertise spans volcano risk, AI safety and
ethics, planetary defence against asteroids, food systems, and
climate advocacy movements, among other topics...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> - - </font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Frontline communities have faced threats to
their survival in a way that most researchers and policymakers
have not. They possess valuable knowledge about how to cope and
adapt. The question of what constitutes a catastrophic or
existential risk, as well as how these risks relate to one
another, is intricately tied to who you ask. In the face of
converging risks, the effort to ameliorate them needs diversity of
thought and experience. Just as researchers cannot thoroughly
grasp their own disciplines without knowing how they interact with
others, they will lack a clear picture of the risks the world
faces until they learn from the communities that bear the brunt of
inaction.</font>
<blockquote><font face="Calibri">Comments<br>
</font><font face="Calibri">Richard Pauli</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Excellent analysis of global risks. Thank
you.</font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">Keep in mind the differences between a
nuclear weapon – action risk – which will be triggered manually,
if irrationally — and global heating from CO2 emissions which
only require a passive ignoring of high carbon business as
usual. Nuclear safety requires a detente, whereas global
warming risk requires a (full) revision of technology across all
carbon civilizations. The cascading tipping points of climate
destabilizations may soon make human intervention difficult.</font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">These are ferociously interesting times</font><br>
</blockquote>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://thebulletin.org/2023/05/catastrophic-risks-are-converging-its-time-for-researchers-to-step-out-of-their-silos/">https://thebulletin.org/2023/05/catastrophic-risks-are-converging-its-time-for-researchers-to-step-out-of-their-silos/</a></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"></font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font> </p>
<i><font face="Calibri">[ media opinion - the Associated Press is
quite pure ]</font></i><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>Nearly three-quarters of Americans blame
media for dividing nation, poll says</b><br>
By DAVID KLEPPER<br>
May 1, 2023<br>
</font><br>
WASHINGTON (AP) — When it comes to the news media and the impact
it’s having on democracy and political polarization in the United
States, Americans are likelier to say it’s doing more harm than
good.<br>
<br>
Nearly three-quarters of U.S. adults say the news media is
increasing political polarization in this country, and just under
half say they have little to no trust in the media’s ability to
report the news fairly and accurately, according to a new survey
from The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research
and Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights.<br>
<br>
The poll, released before World Press Freedom Day on Wednesday,
shows Americans have significant concerns about misinformation — and
the role played by the media itself along with politicians and
social media companies in spreading it — but that many are also
concerned about growing threats to journalists’ safety.<br>
<br>
“The news riles people up,” said 53-year-old Barbara Jordan, a
Democrat from Hutchinson, Kansas. Jordan said she now does her own
online research instead of going by what she sees on the TV news.
“You’re better off Googling something and learning about it. I trust
the internet more than I do the TV.”...<br>
- -<br>
The survey reveals the complicated relationship many Americans have
with the media: A majority rate in-depth and investigative reporting
as very helpful or extremely helpful for understanding the issues
they care about, but they are more likely to say they regularly scan
the headlines than read an in-depth investigative article. And while
overall trust in the media is low, a majority of respondents say the
media is doing at least somewhat well in covering issues they care
about.<br>
<br>
Four in 10 say the press is doing more to hurt American democracy,
while only about 2 in 10 say the press is doing more to protect it.
An additional 4 in 10 say neither applies....<br>
- -<br>
Overall, about 6 in 10 said the news media bears blame for the
spread of misinformation, and a similar percentage also said it has
a large amount of responsibility for addressing it. Majorities also
think others, including social media companies and politicians,
share in the responsibility both for the spread of misinformation
and for stopping it from spreading.<br>
<br>
“So many people get their information from social media, and people
believe whatever they want to believe,” said Araceli Cervantes, a
39-year-old Chicago woman and mother of four who said she is a
Republican.<br>
<br>
When it comes to protecting the freedom of the press in the U.S.,
44% of respondents say the U.S. government is doing a good job, more
than the 24% who say it’s doing a bad job. Most Americans are at
least somewhat concerned, however, when it comes to the safety of
journalists, with roughly a third saying they’re very concerned or
extremely concerned about attacks on the press.<br>
___<br>
The poll of 1,002 adults was conducted March 30-April 3 using a
sample drawn from NORC’s probability-based AmeriSpeak Panel, which
is designed to be representative of the U.S. population. The margin
of sampling error for all respondents is plus or minus 4.4
percentage points.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://apnews.com/article/poll-misinformation-polarization-coronavirus-media-d56a25fd8dfd9abe1389b56d7e82b873">https://apnews.com/article/poll-misinformation-polarization-coronavirus-media-d56a25fd8dfd9abe1389b56d7e82b873</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><i><font face="Calibri">[ The National Academies -- in long
discussion sometimes the last few minutes is the most
important ]</font></i><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>Greenhouse Gas Emissions Information for
Decision Making: Dissemination Meeting</b></font><br>
<font face="Calibri">National Academies - Earth and Life Studies</font><br>
May 1, 2023<br>
<font face="Calibri">This meeting will disseminate recommendations
from recent National Academies report, Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Information for Decision Making: A Framework Going Forward
(2022) The meeting will focus on understanding US urban
greenhouse gas emissions information needs and tools in the
public, private, and research sectors at urban scales to aid
local decision making in the US.</font><br>
</p>
<blockquote><font face="Calibri">The National Academy of Sciences,
Engineering, and Medicine is a non-governmental, non-profit
organization chartered by the US Congress in 1863 at the request
of President Lincoln. The Academy has two missions: to honor the
nation’s top scientists, engineers, and health professionals
with membership, and to serve the nation with independent,
expert advice. </font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">The Division on Earth & Life Studies is
one of six subject area divisions that enlist the nation's top
experts to respond to requests for advice from the Federal
Government, states, and some foundations.</font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">The division has 11 program units (boards)
that undertake a wide-range of activities, including convening
experts to share their individual views in meetings and
workshops. However, it is the Academy’s reports that represent
the most authoritative source of scientific and technical
information for the nation. The division produces about 30-40 of
these reports each year.</font><br>
</blockquote>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=skpwhRdE8GU">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=skpwhRdE8GU</a></font><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ Beckwith reads a report ]</i><br>
<b>Enormous, Growing Emissions from Millionaires and Billionaires
Incompatible with a Survivable Planet</b><br>
Paul Beckwith<br>
May 1, 2023<br>
A recent peer-reviewed scientific paper titled “Millionaire Spending
Incompatible with 1.5 C Ambitions” was published. <br>
<br>
It basically shows that the number of millionaires and billionaires
and their growth rate, plus their increasing purchase and usage of
mega-super-yachts and private jets for transportation are
incompatible with reducing emissions and saving civilization from
climate collapse.<br>
<br>
While emissions from people living in central Africa are as low as
0.1 t CO2 per capita, emissions from super wealthy billionaires are
as much as 100,000 times higher (10,000 t CO2 per capita). For ultra
rich billionaires, about 64% of their annual emissions are coming
from their mega-yachts, 34% is from their private jet aircraft, and
2% is from their multiple houses in multiple countries. <br>
<br>
I chat about these very important facts on the carbon footprints of
the very wealthy. The only conclusion to be reached is that to have
any hope of reducing carbon emissions, the consumption of the
extremely wealthy needed to be reigned in. These are the harsh facts
of our climate emergency.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l86jvIdUpRY">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l86jvIdUpRY</a><br>
<p>- -<br>
</p>
<i>[ from Cleaner Production Letters </i><i>Volume 4, June 2023 ]</i><br>
<b>Millionaire spending incompatible with 1.5 °C ambitions</b><br>
Author Stefan Gössling, Andreas Humpe <br>
<p><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clpl.2022.100027">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clpl.2022.100027</a></p>
<p>Abstract:<br>
</p>
<blockquote>Much evidence suggests that the wealthiest individuals
contribute disproportionally to climate change. Here we study the
implications of a continued growth in the number of millionaires
for emissions, and its impact on the depletion of the remaining
carbon budget to limit global warming to 1.5 °C (about 400 Gt
CO2). To this end, we present a model that extrapolates observed
growth in millionaire numbers (1990–2020) and associated changes
in emissions to 2050. Our findings suggest that the share of
US$2020-millionaires in the world population will grow from 0.7%
today to 3.3% in 2050, and cause accumulated emissions of 286 Gt
CO2. This is equivalent to 72% of the remaining carbon budget, and
significantly reduces the chance of stabilizing climate change at
1.5 °C. Continued growth in emissions at the top makes a
low-carbon transition less likely, as the acceleration of energy
consumption by the wealthiest is likely beyond the system's
capacity to decarbonize. To this end, we question whether policy
designs such as progressive taxes targeting the high emitters will
be sufficient.<br>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666791622000252">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666791622000252</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<font face="Calibri"> </font><font face="Calibri"> <i>[The news
archive - looking back at major book release on ExxonMobil ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><font size="+2"><i><b>May 2, 2012</b></i></font>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">May 2, 2012: MSNBC's Rachel Maddow interviewed
author Steve Coll about his book "Private Empire: ExxonMobil and
American Power." </font><strike><font face="Calibri"><a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMNooTqwuk0">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMNooTqwuk0</a>
</font></strike><font face="Calibri">(someone is a chickenshit -
YouTube or MSNBC insisted on pulling this video )</font><br>
<b><font face="Calibri">Private Empire: Author Steve Coll on
State-Like Powers, Influence of Oil Giant Exxon Mobil</font></b><br>
<font face="Calibri">Democracy Now!</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">5/4/2012</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">DemocracyNow.org - We look at one of the
largest and most powerful corporations in the world: Exxon Mobil.
Last week, the corporate giant reported it earned $9.5 billion in
profits in the first three months of this year -- or almost $104
million per day. We speak with Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter
Steve Coll who pulls back the curtain on Exxon Mobil in his
exhaustive new book, "Private Empire: Exxon Mobil and American
Power." "Exxon Mobil really sees itself as an independent
sovereign in the world, almost the equivalent of a state," Coll
says. "They really are one of the most closed corporations
headquartered in the United States."</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8IPsjCgHMV8">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8IPsjCgHMV8</a></font><br>
<br>
<b><font face="Calibri">- -<br>
</font></b><br>
<b><font face="Calibri">Staff writer for The New Yorker and
president of The New America Foundation Steve Coll introduces
his new book, "Private Empire: ExxonMobil and American Power."</font></b><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://charlierose.com/videos/15899">https://charlierose.com/videos/15899</a></font><strike><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font></strike><br>
<strike><font face="Calibri">- - <br>
</font></strike><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>Steve Coll: Private Empire: ExxonMobil and
American Power - June 4, 2013</b><br>
The Kansas City Public Library</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMWkIgLMe8U">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMWkIgLMe8U</a><br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -<br>
</font><i><font face="Calibri">[Amazon]</font></i><strike><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font></strike><font face="Calibri"><b>Private Empire: ExxonMobil
and American Power Paperback – May 28, 2013</b><br>
by Steve Coll (Author)<br>
4.4 out of 5 stars 784 ratings<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><b>“ExxonMobil has met its match in
Coll, an elegant writer and dogged reporter . . . extraordinary
. . . monumental.” —The Washington Post</b><b><br>
</b><b><br>
</b><b>“Fascinating . . . Private Empire is a book meticulously
prepared as if for trial . . . a compelling and elucidatory
work.” —Bloomberg</b><b><br>
</b><b><br>
</b><b>From the award-winning and bestselling author of Ghost Wars
and Directorate S, an extraordinary exposé of Big Oil. Includes
a profile of current Secretary of State and former chairman and
chief executive of ExxonMobil, Rex Tillerson</b><br>
<br>
In this, the first hard-hitting examination of ExxonMobil—the
largest and most powerful private corporation in the United
States—Steve Coll reveals the true extent of its power. Private
Empire pulls back the curtain, tracking the corporation’s recent
history and its central role on the world stage, beginning with
the Exxon Valdez accident in 1989 and leading to the Deepwater
Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010. The action spans
the globe—featuring kidnapping cases, civil wars, and high-stakes
struggles at the Kremlin—and the narrative is driven by
larger-than-life characters, including corporate legend Lee “Iron
Ass” Raymond, ExxonMobil’s chief executive until 2005, and current
chairman and chief executive Rex Tillerson, President-elect Donald
Trump's nomination for Secretary of State. A penetrating,
news-breaking study, Private Empire is a defining portrait of Big
Oil in American politics and foreign policy.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.amazon.com/product-reviews/0143123548/ref=cm_cr_unknown?ie=UTF8&filterByStar=five_star&reviewerType=all_reviews&pageNumber=1#reviews-filter-bar">https://www.amazon.com/product-reviews/0143123548/ref=cm_cr_unknown?ie=UTF8&filterByStar=five_star&reviewerType=all_reviews&pageNumber=1#reviews-filter-bar</a></font><br>
<br>
- -<br>
<b>Steve Coll Discusses His Book "Private Empire"</b><br>
New America<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3GW_BaSRbE">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3GW_BaSRbE</a><br>
<p>- -</p>
<b>Steve Coll on the "Private Empire" of ExxonMobil</b><br>
SocialJusticeNOW<br>
Jun 18, 2012<br>
In the new book "Private Empire: ExxonMobil and American Power,"
Steve Coll <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://newamerica.net/user/3">http://newamerica.net/user/3</a>
investigates the notoriously secretive ExxonMobil Corporation. In
many of the countries where it conducts business, ExxonMobil's sway
over politics and security is greater than that of the U.S. embassy.
In Washington, ExxonMobil spends more money lobbying Congress and
the White House than any other corporation. Yet despite its outsized
influence, it is a black box. Coll is the president of the New
America Foundation, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://newamerica.net/">http://newamerica.net/</a> a
nonpartisan public policy institute headquartered in Washington, and
a staff writer for The New Yorker. <br>
<br>
He worked for 20 years at The Washington Post, where he received a
Pulitzer Prize for explanatory journalism in 1990. He is the author
of six other books, including the Pulitzer Prize-winning "Ghost
Wars." <br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lvPobwco-AE">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lvPobwco-AE</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
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