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<font size="+2"><font face="Calibri"><i><b>June</b></i></font></font><font
size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b> 13, 2023</b></i></font><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"> </font> <br>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ The Montana live court started Monday -
a zoom connection allows one to see the case live starting 9AM
MT- this is tremendously innovative for court cases in Montana
-- a large state where long distance travel can be burdensome.
It is being recorded, and likely will be posted for viewing ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>The Live connection </b><a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://fishercourtreporting.zoom.us/j/89337437466#success">https://fishercourtreporting.zoom.us/j/89337437466#success</a><i><br>
</i></font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youthvgov.org/held-v-montana">https://www.youthvgov.org/held-v-montana</a><br>
</font><font face="Calibri">the fairly readable filed complaint -
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://climatecasechart.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/case-documents/2020/20200313_docket-CDV-2020-307_complaint.pdf">http://climatecasechart.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/case-documents/2020/20200313_docket-CDV-2020-307_complaint.pdf</a>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font>
<p><font face="Calibri">- -</font></p>
<font face="Calibri">[ NYTimes ]</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>A Landmark Youth Climate Trial Begins in
Montana</b><br>
Sixteen young people argue that the state is robbing their future
by embracing policies that contribute to climate change.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">By Mike Baker<br>
Reporting from Helena, Mont.<br>
June 12, 2023<br>
A landmark climate change trial opened on Monday in Montana, where
a group of young people are contending that the state’s embrace of
fossil fuels is destroying pristine environments, upending
cultural traditions and robbing young residents of a healthy
future.<br>
<br>
The case, more than a decade in the making, is the first of a
series of similar challenges pending in various states as part of
an effort to increase pressure on policymakers to take more urgent
action on emissions.<br>
<br>
Rikki Held, 22, a plaintiff who was among the first witnesses to
testify on Monday, described how her family’s 3,000-acre ranch in
eastern Montana had been threatened by droughts, wildfires and
extreme weather, including heat waves and floods. At times she
grew tearful talking about working through those conditions while
trying to maintain the family’s livelihood.<br>
<br>
“I know that climate change is a global issue, but Montana needs
to take responsibility for our part of that,” Ms. Held said. “You
can’t just blow it off and do nothing about it.”<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">The case revolves around the contention from 16
young residents — who range in age from 5 to 22 — that the state
government has failed to live up to its constitutional mandate to
“maintain and improve a clean and healthful environment in Montana
for present and future generations.”<br>
<br>
State leaders have fought the accusations, calling the proceedings
a show trial and a “gross injustice.”<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">“Montana’s emissions are simply too minuscule
to make any difference,” Michael Russell, an assistant attorney
general, said during the state’s opening statement. “Climate
change is a global issue that effectively relegates Montana’s role
to that of a spectator.”<br>
<br>
The two-week trial in a courtroom in Lewis and Clark County will
feature both the accounts of young people dealing with climate
change and the testimony of climate experts. At the end, Judge
Kathy Seeley will be asked by the plaintiffs to declare that the
state’s support for the fossil fuel industry is unconstitutional.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Environmental advocates believe such a finding
could put pressure on government leaders in Montana and elsewhere
to take action on curbing emissions. They are also hopeful that
the judge could order the state to consider climate impacts when
approving new projects.<br>
<br>
The effects of a warming climate are already spreading across
Montana, including shrinking glaciers at Glacier National Park and
a lengthening wildfire season that threatens the state’s treasured
outdoor pastimes. The plaintiffs in the case have said that the
state’s inaction on climate change threatens their ability to
access clean water, sustain family ranches or continue hunting
traditions.<br>
<br>
“Montana’s warming climate will have cascading environmental and
economic impacts,” Roger Sullivan, a lawyer for the young
residents, said in opening statements.<br>
<br>
The young people have personally experienced daunting signs of the
future, not only the smoke from wildfires but also the flooding at
Yellowstone National Park.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Julia Olson, the executive director of Our
Children’s Trust, the environmental nonprofit that helped bring
the Montana lawsuit, said the case had the potential to set a new
course for a healthier and more prosperous future for the
generations to come. Many of the young plaintiffs planned to
testify.<br>
<br>
In Montana, It’s Youth vs. the State in a Landmark Climate Case<br>
Montana, whose unofficial nicknames include the “Treasure State,”
has long had its fortunes yoked to the mining industry. Helena,
the state capital, where the climate case is being tried, was
founded in the 1860s by gold prospectors. Montana is the nation’s
fifth-largest coal-producing state and the 12th-largest
oil-producing state.<br>
<br>
Earlier this year, continuing to demonstrate the state’s support
of fossil fuels, Republican lawmakers approved a law that
prohibits state regulators from considering the effect on climate
when assessing large projects like new power plants or factories.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">However, the state has also long treasured its
unspoiled landscapes and crystal-clear lakes, embracing another
unofficial nickname, “The Last Best Place.” The state added the
language to its Constitution about the right to a clean and
healthful environment in 1972 in response to growing concern about
protecting those assets. Only a handful of states establish clear
environmental rights in their constitutions...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">The first witness called by the plaintiffs was
Mae Nan Ellingson, who was the youngest delegate at the 1972
constitutional convention. She testified about how environmental
protection was a key issue for many who were involved in the
process.<br>
<br>
“We wanted an environment that was clean and healthful, so it was
a fairly long and contentious debate to ultimately get the words
‘clean and healthful’ included as descriptors of the environment,”
she said.<br>
<br>
The first day of the trial also featured an extensive review of
charts and scientific reports, exploring the history of rising
levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, how the trend is
linked to fossil fuels, the ways in which it contributes to a
warming planet and the effects on Montana.<br>
<br>
But some of the scientific details became a point of conflict.
When the plaintiffs introduced the most recent climate assessment
from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, convened by
the United Nations, which warned that there was “a rapidly closing
window” to secure a “livable” future, the state objected, calling
it “hearsay.” When the plaintiffs contended that the report was a
government document based on government data, the Montana lawyers
retorted: “I don’t think it’s our government.”<br>
<br>
The judge allowed the report to be introduced.<br>
<br>
State leaders have resisted the climate lawsuit, which had its
roots in an unsuccessful effort in 2011 that pressed the state
Supreme Court to force the state to take action on climate change.
As part of the case, state officials have disputed the
overwhelming scientific consensus that the burning of fossil fuels
is changing the global climate and denied that severe weather
events in the state were linked to rising air temperatures.<br>
<br>
Our Children’s Trust has undertaken legal action in every state on
the climate issue. While judges have dismissed most of the cases,
several of the group’s lawsuits are pending. The group won another
preliminary victory on June 1 when a judge ruled that a youth case
in Oregon, aimed at the federal government, could go to trial.<br>
<br>
Mike Baker is the Seattle bureau chief, reporting primarily from
the Northwest and Alaska. @ByMikeBaker<br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/12/us/montana-youth-climate-trial.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/12/us/montana-youth-climate-trial.html</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font> </p>
<font face="Calibri"> <i>[ NOAA press release 424 ppm ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> <b>Broken record: Atmospheric carbon dioxide
levels jump again</b></font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Annual increase in Keeling Curve peak is one of
the largest on record</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font> <font face="Calibri">June 5, 2023</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Carbon dioxide levels measured at NOAA’s Mauna
Loa Atmospheric Baseline Observatory peaked at 424 parts per
million in May, continuing a steady climb further into territory
not seen for millions of years, scientists from NOAA and Scripps
Institution of Oceanographyoffsite link at the University of
California San Diego announced today...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">“Every year we see carbon dioxide levels in our
atmosphere increase as a direct result of human activity,” said
NOAA Administrator Rick Spinrad, Ph.D. “Every year, we see the
impacts of climate change in the heat waves, droughts, flooding,
wildfires and storms happening all around us. While we will have
to adapt to the climate impacts we cannot avoid, we must expend
every effort to slash carbon pollution and safeguard this planet
and the life that calls it home.” <br>
<br>
Carbon dioxide pollution is generated by burning fossil fuels for
transportation and electrical generation, by cement manufacturing,
deforestation, agriculture and many other practices. Like other
greenhouse gases, CO2 traps heat radiating from the planet’s
surface that would otherwise escape into space, amplifying extreme
weather events, such as heat waves, drought and wildfires, as well
as precipitation and flooding.<br>
<br>
Rising CO2 levels also pose a threat to the world's ocean, which
absorbs both CO2 gas and excess heat from the atmosphere. Impacts
include increasing surface and subsurface ocean temperatures and
the disruption of marine ecosystems, rising sea levels and ocean
acidification, which changes the chemistry of seawater, leading to
lower dissolved oxygen, and interferes with the growth of some
marine organisms.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">NOAA began measurements in 1974, and the two
research institutions have made complementary, independent
observations ever since. Keeling’s son, geochemist Ralph Keeling,
runs the Scripps program, including the sampling at Mauna Loa. <br>
<br>
“What we’d like to see is the curve plateauing and even falling
because carbon dioxide as high as 420 or 425 parts per million is
not good,” Keeling said. “It shows that as much as we’ve done to
mitigate and reduce emissions, we still have a long way to go.” <br>
<br>
To visualize how sea level rise may affect your community, visit
NOAA’s sea level rise viewer.<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/broken-record-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide-levels-jump-again">https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/broken-record-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide-levels-jump-again</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri">- -<br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ NOAA's interactive data viewer ]</i><br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><b>Sea Level Rise Viewer</b></font><font
face="Calibri"><i> <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://coast.noaa.gov/slr/">https://coast.noaa.gov/slr/</a> </i></font><font
face="Calibri"><b></b><br>
</font><font face="Calibri">Disclaimer<br>
</font>
<blockquote><font face="Calibri">The data and maps in this tool
illustrate the scale of potential flooding, not the exact
location, and do not account for erosion, subsidence, or future
construction. Water levels are relative to Mean Higher High
Water (MHHW) (excludes wind driven tides). The data, maps, and
information provided should be used only as a screening-level
tool for management decisions. As with all remotely sensed data,
all features should be verified with a site visit. The data and
maps in this tool are provided “as is,” without warranty to
their performance, merchantable state, or fitness for any
particular purpose. The entire risk associated with the results
and performance of these data is assumed by the user. This tool
should be used strictly as a planning reference tool and not for
navigation, permitting, or other legal purposes.</font><br>
</blockquote>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://coast.noaa.gov/slr/">https://coast.noaa.gov/slr/</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ Discussion of new book ]</i><br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><b>Peter Gleick and The Three Ages of
Water</b><br>
Climate One<br>
</font><font face="Calibri">June 12, 2023<br>
This year’s precipitation across California is well above average,
and snowpack is on track to be one of the largest since 1950. In
an arid state that can seem like good news, but floods can be
destructive and life-threatening, and also increase vegetation
that may later go up in flames. From too little to too much – will
we ever get out of this weather whiplash?<br>
<br>
As we enter an era defined by climate disruption, the control,
access and quality of water determines our ability to survive and
thrive. How can we ensure a future where clean water exists for
all who need it – including the ecosystems we depend on – and
navigate the challenges of too little or too much? In his latest
book, “The Three Ages of Water,” Dr. Peter Gleick explores this
changing dynamic from life’s beginnings to today’s pressing
climate and water challenges. <br>
Join Climate One Host Greg Dalton for a live conversation with
Peter Gleick about our evolving relationship with this fundamental
force.<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB7667K5Z4I">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB7667K5Z4I</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri">- -</font></p>
<font face="Calibri">[ Peter H. Gleick ]</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>The Three Ages of Water: Prehistoric Past,
Imperiled Present, and a Hope for the Future Kindle Edition</b><br>
by Peter Gleick (Author) <br>
#1 New Release in Historical Study Reference<br>
<br>
A revelatory account of how water has shaped the course of human
life and history, and a positive vision of what the future can
hold—if we act now<br>
<br>
From the very creation of the planet billions of years ago to the
present day, water has always been central to existence on Earth.
And since long before the legendary Great Flood, it has been a
defining force in the story of humanity.<br>
<br>
In The Three Ages of Water, Peter Gleick guides us through the
long, fraught history of our relationship to this precious
resource. Water has shaped civilizations and empires, and driven
centuries of advances in science and technology—from agriculture
to aqueducts, steam power to space exploration—and progress in
health and medicine.<br>
<br>
But the achievements that have propelled humanity forward also
brought consequences, including unsustainable water use,
ecological destruction, and global climate change, that now
threaten to send us into a new dark age. We must change our ways,
and quickly, to usher in a new age of water for the benefit of
everyone. Drawing from the lessons of our past, Gleick charts a
visionary path toward a sustainable future for water and the
planet.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.amazon.com/Three-Ages-Water-Prehistoric-Imperiled-ebook/dp/B0BH8GXT65">https://www.amazon.com/Three-Ages-Water-Prehistoric-Imperiled-ebook/dp/B0BH8GXT65</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"> <i>[ oh by the way --- let's ask USGS ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font> <font face="Calibri"><b>What is the
difference between global warming and climate change?</b><br>
Although people tend to use these terms interchangeably, global
warming is just one aspect of climate change. “Global warming”
refers to the rise in global temperatures due mainly to the
increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
“Climate change” refers to the increasing changes in the measures
of climate over a long period of time – including precipitation,
temperature, and wind patterns...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-difference-between-global-warming-and-climate-change">https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-difference-between-global-warming-and-climate-change</a></font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font> </p>
<font face="Calibri"> <br>
<i>[The news archive - looking back at early failed attempts to
make change ...]</i><br>
<font size="+2"><i><b>June 13, 1993</b></i></font> <br>
June 13, 1993: The Baltimore Sun reports on the well-financed
effort by libertarian activists and fossil-fuel industry lobbyists
to stop the BTU tax.<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1993-06-13/news/1993164025_1_btu-tax-energy-tax-gasoline-tax">http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1993-06-13/news/1993164025_1_btu-tax-energy-tax-gasoline-tax</a>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</font>
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news - a few are email delivered*</span></b> <br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><br>
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