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<font size="+2"><font face="Calibri"><i><b>July</b></i></font></font><font
size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b> 5, 2023</b></i></font><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font><i><br>
</i><i>[ Just the other day ]</i><br>
<b>Climate change: World's hottest day since records began</b><br>
By Matt McGrath - Environment correspondent<br>
The world's average temperature reached a new high on Monday 3 July,
topping 17 degrees Celsius for the first time.<br>
<br>
US researchers said the new record was the highest in any
instrumental record dating back to the end of the 19th century.<br>
<br>
Scientists believe a combination of a natural weather event known as
El Niño and mankind's ongoing emissions of carbon dioxide are
driving the heat.<br>
<br>
Last month has also been confirmed as the world's warmest June yet
recorded...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-66104822">https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-66104822</a>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i><font face="Calibri">[ Hot summer says Inside Climate News ]</font></i><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>June Extremes Suggest Parts of the Climate
System Are Reaching Tipping Points</b><br>
Research shows heat domes, wildfires and vanishing polar ice are
the symptoms; unabated greenhouse gas emissions are the cause.<br>
By Bob Berwyn<br>
July 4, 2023</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">June 2023 may be remembered as the start of a
big change in the climate system, with many key global indicators
flashing red warning lights amid signs that some systems are
tipping toward a new state from which they may not recover.<br>
<br>
Earth’s critical reflective polar ice caps are at their lowest
extent on record in the satellite era, with the sea ice around
Antarctica at a record-low extent by far, spurring worried
scientists to share dramatic charts of the missing ice repeatedly.
In the Arctic, the month ended with the Greenland Ice Sheet
experiencing one of the largest June melt events ever recorded,
and with scientists reporting that June 2023 was the hottest June
ever measured, breaking the 2019 record by a “staggering” 0.16
degrees Celsius...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">There was record-breaking heat on nearly every
continent during the month, according to independent climate
statistician Maximilian Herrera. Along with the deadly late June
heat in Mexico and the South-central United States, extreme
readings have been widespread in remote Siberia, with hundreds of
daily heat records, including readings higher than 95 degrees
Celsius close to the Arctic Circle. “The heat will just get
worse,” he posted on Twitter.<br>
<br>
Herrera also tracks notable regional extremes, like a historic
mountain heatwave in Iran, where temperatures in late June spiked
to between 100 and 120 degrees Fahrenheit at elevations between
1,500 and 5,000 feet above sea level that are normally far
cooler. During the first week of July, temperatures in Iraq are
forecast to breach 120 degrees Fahrenheit...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Record-breaking ocean temperatures in regions
around the globe are not surprising Trenberth, who specializes in
analyzing deep ocean heat content, down to more than 6,000 feet
below sea level, where more than 90 percent of all the heat
trapped in the atmosphere by carbon pollution has been absorbed.<br>
<br>
That heat is measured as energy rather than as a temperature
value, and it’s equivalent at this point to the energy of five
nuclear bombs exploding in the ocean each second, or about 100
times more energy than all the electricity produced in 2021
globally.<br>
<br>
For Trenberth, that global energy imbalance, building steadily
since the start of the fossil-fueled industrial age, is the best
measure of how humans have affected the climate, because the
energy balance isn’t affected by seasonal or annual variations, or
by shifts in regional climate patterns.<br>
<br>
And if the heat building that energy imbalance in the oceans was
to stop, many of its impacts would rapidly decrease, even though
the water is warmer.<br>
<br>
“It is not global temperature that matters but Earth’s energy
imbalance. If you have a pot of water on the stove, while heating,
convection occurs,” he said. “Ultimately it boils off water as
steam. But as soon as you turn off the heat source, all that
behavior stops. The temperature is the same, but the heating is no
more.”<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04072023/june-extremes-climate-tipping-points/">https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04072023/june-extremes-climate-tipping-points/</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font> </p>
<font face="Calibri"> </font> <br>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ text and audio ] </i><br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><b>Birds, bugs and climate change</b><br>
Is erratic weather affecting bird nutrition?<br>
Dan Gunderson Barnesville, Minn.</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">July 3, 2023 <br>
</font><font face="Calibri">Early on a cool, smoky June morning
researchers Alexis Grinde and Annie Bracey load up with gear and
strike out across a grassland south of Moorhead, Minn.<br>
<br>
They’re gathering data to better understand how changing weather
might be affecting nutrition for aerial insectivores, birds that
catch insects in flight.<br>
<br>
Many studies have shown declines in bird populations and dwindling
insect populations. As a wildlife ecologist at the University of
Minnesota Natural Resources Research Institute in Duluth, Grinde
wants to better understand the connections between birds and
insects.<br>
<br>
Wooden nesting boxes are set up on posts across this grassy field
to attract tree swallows, the subjects of this study...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">“I’ll walk up check the box, grab an adult, and
then we'll put an RFID on it,” said NRRI avian ecologist Annie
Bracey. The adult swallow disappears in her hand, only its
greenish blue head showing as she clips an identification band on
one leg and a small yellow tag on the other.<br>
<br>
The yellow tag will trigger a scanner that encircles the hole the
swallows use to enter and leave the nest box.<br>
<br>
“It’s kind of like a bar code scanner to estimate provisioning
rates of the adults, to see how often they're visiting the nest
and using that as an index of feeding for their young,” explained
Bracey.<br>
<br>
This information is key to the question these researchers are
trying to understand.<br>
<br>
While loss of habitat is a factor in the decline of aerial
insectivores, insects are a critical food source and changes in
insect populations are thought to significantly contribute to the
declining bird numbers...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>A nutrition mismatch</b><br>
The theory is that changing weather patterns are causing a
mismatch, between the birds migration and breeding cycles and the
availability of insects they depend on for food.<br>
<br>
Grinde points to spring weather in recent years with big swings
from warm to cold. That can significantly change when insects
hatch and if they survive to become food for birds.<br>
<br>
“That has huge consequences for what the birds are doing and what
their potential productivity for the season is,” said Grinde. “And
if we're not making more birds here during the breeding season,
there's not going to be a population increase ever."</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">At least one study has found tree swallows are
getting smaller, perhaps in response to the effects of climate
change on their diet.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">After weighing and measuring the adult bird,
Bracey carefully removes a half dozen tiny recently hatched birds
from the nest. They are four days old with no feathers, just a few
wisps of down on their bare skin.<br>
<br>
Working quickly to make sure the nestlings are safely handled and
don’t get chilled, the researchers weigh and measure the tiny
birds to document their growth and collect fecal samples.<br>
<br>
DNA analysis will tell them what insects adult birds are feeding
the babies.<br>
<br>
Insects are also being collected here throughout the breeding
season to understand the relationship between the emergence of
insects on the landscape and what the birds are eating.</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">“Figuring out what's going on with those
dynamics, how fast the nestlings grow, how many survive, how does
that relate to food availability, it's a huge next step in
ecology,” said Grinde.<br>
<br>
The research sites range across different landscapes in western
Minnesota, from agricultural land to grasslands to a mix of the
two types of land use.<br>
<br>
The researchers planned to also study eastern bluebirds which will
nest near tree swallows, but they haven't found that species in
the study area over the last two years. Grinde is not sure why
bluebirds are absent, but they are also a species in decline...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>Critical questions</b><br>
There hasn't been much research looking at the interface between
changing insect populations and breeding insectivores, said
Grinde, but it is critical to understanding the future of these
birds.<br>
<br>
“They're coming to Minnesota to breed in the month of June. And
they're coming here for the insects because there's a ton of food,
food is not scarce,” she said.<br>
<br>
Plentiful food available at the wrong time in the breeding season
could be significant.<br>
<br>
“That's a real problem because the moms not going to be able to
get enough food to actually lay the eggs. The nestlings aren’t
going to get enough food or they're going to be delayed in how
much food that they're getting,” said Grinde.<br>
<br>
“When you don't have that buffet that you came here for it can get
kind of rough and that can definitely affect the energy they have
to put into breeding.”<br>
<br>
This is the second and final year of data collection for this
project funded by the Environment and Natural Resources Trust
Fund. Grinde hopes to continue the work because long term
monitoring of birds and insects can provide important insights on
the effects of a changing climate.<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.mprnews.org/story/2023/07/03/birds-bugs-and-climate-change">https://www.mprnews.org/story/2023/07/03/birds-bugs-and-climate-change</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font> </p>
<font face="Calibri"> <i>[ Insurance now a big problem, getting
bigger ]</i></font><br>
<b>Dr Alice Hill: The Insurance industry is the retreating canary in
the CLIMATE coal mine</b><br>
Nick Breeze ClimateGenn<br>
Jun 28, 2023 ClimateGenn #podcast produced by Nick Breeze<br>
- -<br>
Welcome to the ClimateGenn podcast. This summary version is edited
from the full interview. Included are the key points from the
discussion and the full version can be accessed by all Youtube and
Patreon members. <br>
Overview of topics covered:<br>
US politicians debate the causes of extreme weather, stymying
effective longterm policy.<br>
“California is the 4th largest insurance market in the world… so to
pull out of that is big news!”<br>
State run back-up plan - but back-up plans are ballooning as
concentrated risk discourages insurers.<br>
Extensive wildfires in 2017 and 2018 wiped out quarter of a century
(25yrs) of profits in California.<br>
Insurers in California are not allowed to use models that account
for the growing risk of climate change.<br>
Insurance policies evaluate 1 year of risk but climate is a
long-term issue.<br>
AXA: At some point the world becomes uninsurable with climate
change.<br>
Can the risk be spread across the nation?<br>
How do we build national resilience (fortresses?)?<br>
Too much infrastructure already at great risk.<br>
Post Covid, many Americans moved into areas “destined to burn”.<br>
East coast of America is subsiding and has one of the worst rates of
sea-level rise in the world - “A bad combination!”<br>
“A profound risk to the stability of our real estate markets. We are
watching the problem but there is a reluctance to address the
problem… because it is so large!”<br>
What do we need to do?<br>
We will see large movements of people and devaluation of assets over
time.<br>
<p><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JMPxAFf8yb4">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JMPxAFf8yb4</a><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<font face="Calibri"><br>
<i>[The news archive - looking back at a time when economics could
be humorous ]</i><br>
<font size="+2"><i><b>July 5, 2012</b></i></font> <br>
July 5, 2012: Economist Yoram Bauman and law professor Shi-Ling
Hsu point out the benefits of a federal carbon tax in a New York
Times article.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/05/opinion/a-carbon-tax-sensible-for-all.html">http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/05/opinion/a-carbon-tax-sensible-for-all.html</a><br>
<br>
<br>
</font>
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