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<p><font size="+2"><font face="Calibri"><i><b>September </b></i></font></font><font
size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b>23, 2023</b></i></font><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<i><font face="Calibri">[ Sea level rise ]</font></i><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>Drought sparks drinking water concerns as
saltwater creeps up Mississippi River</b><br>
Louisiana residents who rely on river for drinking water warned of
potential health risks in next few weeks<br>
</font><font face="Calibri">Sara Sneath<br>
Fri 22 Sep 2023</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">The New Orleans mayor, LaToya Cantrell, signed
an emergency declaration for the city on Friday amid concerns
about saltwater from the the Gulf of Mexico that has been creeping
up the drought-hit Mississippi River in Louisiana.<br>
<br>
The declaration came amid concerns the saltwater, which is
impacting the river because it is at such low levels, could impact
the drinking water of thousands of residents in the next few
weeks...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -<br>
</font><font face="Calibri">The saltwater has already entered the
drinking water of communities south of New Orleans – from Empire
Bridge to Venice, Louisiana – making the water undrinkable for
about 2,000 residents and causing water outages at local schools.
As the saltwater moves upriver, it could affect the drinking water
for another 20,000 people in Belle Chasse. After that it could
reach the drinking water intake for the New Orleans community of
Algiers, across the river from the French Quarter...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">“This will be a difficult nut to crack,” she
said.<br>
<br>
Sea level rise will make the conditions that allow saltwater
intrusion into the Mississippi River more likely in the future,
said Soni Pradhanang, an associate professor of hydrology and
water quality at the University of Rhode Island. Climate change is
also expected to exacerbate droughts by making them longer and
more frequent. “We’re only going to see this happening more,” she
said. “Sea level rise will lead to increased salinity as more of
this seawater pushes up into the estuaries and inland.”<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/sep/22/louisiana-drought-drinking-water-mississippi-river-saltwater-new-orleans">https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/sep/22/louisiana-drought-drinking-water-mississippi-river-saltwater-new-orleans</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<i><font face="Calibri">[ Goodbye Bad Guy - opinion in the Guardian
]</font></i><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>‘Climate villain’: scientists say Rupert
Murdoch wielded his media empire to sow confusion and doubt</b><br>
The tycoon, who is stepping down from News Corp and Fox, has used
his outlets to promote denial and delay action, experts say<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Graham Readfearn and Adam Morton<br>
Fri 22 Sep 2023 <br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Scientists have described the media tycoon
Rupert Murdoch as a “climate villain” who has used his television
and newspaper empire to promote climate science denial and delay
action.<br>
<br>
Murdoch’s outlets, including Fox News, the Wall Street Journal and
The Australian, have long been known to promote doubts about the
cause and consequences of the climate crisis. Scientists said this
had caused lasting damage.<br>
<br>
Following the news Murdoch is stepping down as chairman of News
Corp and Fox Corp, Dr Joëlle Gergis, a climate scientist at
Australian National University, said: “It’s hard to think of
another person who has single-handedly done more to muddy the
public’s understanding of climate change.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">“We have wasted decades debating the
fundamental science in the media, when we really should have been
focused on urgently implementing climate policies that will
genuinely reduce emissions.<br>
<br>
“Murdoch will be looked back on by historians as someone who used
their media monopoly to influence the destabilisation of the
Earth’s climate.”<br>
<br>
Prof Lesley Hughes, a member of the Australian government’s
independent advisory group the Climate Change Authority and of the
not-for-profit Climate Council, said: “Rupert Murdoch has been
extraordinarily damaging.<br>
<br>
“He bears enormous responsibility for the world’s lack of
necessary action on climate change. His outlets have actively
promoted scepticism about climate science that has undermined the
need to act.”<br>
<br>
Prof Michael Mann, a climate scientist at the University of
Pennsylvania, said Murdoch had been “one of the most destructive
forces in modern history when it comes to climate action”.<br>
<br>
“He has wielded his global media empire as a cudgel to sow
confusion and doubt about the science and the solutions. He will
go down in history as one of the greatest climate villains,” said
Mann.<br>
<br>
Dr Friederike Otto, senior lecturer in climate science at the
Grantham Institute, Imperial College London, said: “There’s no
doubt that the Murdoch empire has played an important role in
letting the public believe that there was any scientific doubt
that the burning of fossil fuel causes the climate to warm and
that it is detrimental for society and ecosystems. It is a
terrible legacy he leaves, that many people paid for, and are
paying for, with their lives and livelihoods.<br>
<br>
“Climate protesters are widely portrayed as people trying to make
life difficult for the average person, whereas of course in
reality they try to make it better. I’m very doubtful this fight
will be any easier with just Rupert Murdoch stepping down and
nothing else changing. The damage his empire has done is
incredibly large.”<br>
<br>
Murdoch described himself in 2015 as a “sceptic not a denier” of
climate change. During a News Corp annual meeting in 2019 he said
there were “no climate change deniers” around his company.<br>
<br>
Independent bodies have challenged this. UK thinktank the
Institute for Strategic Dialogue described Murdoch’s Sky News
Australia as a global hub for spreading climate change
misinformation.<br>
<br>
In a foreword to a 2022 company environment report, Murdoch wrote
News Corp was “filled with people who are creative and
collaborative, and possessing an abiding sense of curiosity about
the world around us”. He said the company took its environment
goals seriously, but did not mention climate change. News Corp has
a corporate target to reach net zero greenhouse gas emissions by
2050.<br>
<br>
Fox Corporation announced on Friday that the former Australian
prime minister Tony Abbott, who has repeatedly said he does not
accept mainstream climate science and whose government repealed
carbon price legislation, had been nominated for a board position.
Rupert Murdoch’s son Lachlan, who is set to become the sole chair
of Fox and News Corp after his father’s retirement, said Abbott
had “skills, experience and perspectives” that would benefit the
company.<br>
<br>
Dr John Cook, who researches climate science misinformation at the
University of Melbourne, said under Rupert Murdoch’s leadership
News Corp had been “a major source of climate misinformation”.<br>
<br>
“The damage they’ve caused is real and has been quantified by
scientists – watching Fox News reduces people’s acceptance of the
reality of climate change compared to watching other outlets.”<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">“Ironically, News Corp internally sought to
take a leadership role on climate change by reducing their carbon
footprint, while their media outlets have denied climate change
and attacked the science. The hypocrisy is reminiscent of fossil
fuel companies who internally recognised the reality of climate
change while publicly casting doubt on the science.”<br>
<br>
Dr Peter Gleick, a co-founder of the California-based Pacific
Institute, said Murdoch was responsible for pushing “decades of
dangerous climate misinformation and denial to millions of
people”.<br>
<br>
“His distortions have influenced policymakers and the public and
wasted critical time that should have been spent slowing the
climate crises we now see all around us.<br>
<br>
“His influential outlets, from Fox to the Wall Street Journal,
have been spewing and continue to sow deep climate disinformation,
and they continue to support and promote biased, misleading
opinion pieces and commentary from climate deniers and delayers.<br>
<br>
“When our history is written, and the final roster of climate
villains is posted, Murdoch will be at the top.”<br>
<br>
Dr Andrew King, a climate scientist at the University of
Melbourne, said: “The world would be in a much better place if
[Murdoch] had used [his media empire] to accurately convey the
science on climate change.<br>
<br>
“Instead, he has helped foster climate denialism in Australia, the
UK and the US, allowing governments to slow climate action.”<br>
<br>
The Guardian contacted News Corp for comment.<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2023/sep/23/rupert-murdoch-climate-change-denial">https://www.theguardian.com/media/2023/sep/23/rupert-murdoch-climate-change-denial</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font> </p>
<br>
<font face="Calibri"> <i>[ VOX text and audio
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://megaphone.link/VMP1841129576">https://megaphone.link/VMP1841129576</a> ]</i></font><br>
<b><font face="Calibri">A climate scientist on how to recognize the
new climate change denial</font></b><br>
<font face="Calibri">Delay, deflect, downplay, and other ways fossil
fuel companies block climate action.</font><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font><font face="Calibri">By Avishay Artsy </font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Sep 22, 2023</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">For the past dozen years or so, every time the
United Nations General Assembly holds its annual session in New
York City, climate activists hit Manhattan to protest outside.
They call it Climate Week. And this week has been a big one, with
tens of thousands of protesters demonstrating as part of the New
York March to End Fossil Fuels.<br>
<br>
After a summer of extreme weather, Vox’s daily news podcast Today,
Explained is tackling Climate Week with some help from a scientist
— one who’s been at the center of climate science since before it
was cool, and has some ideas on how we can keep the planet from
getting too hot.<br>
<br>
Michael Mann is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania and
author of the new book Our Fragile Moment: How Lessons from
Earth’s Past Can Help Us Survive the Climate Crisis. Mann is
perhaps best known for the “hockey stick curve” in a 1998 paper he
co-published about the planet’s rapidly rising temperature after a
mostly steady millennium.<br>
<br>
Mann spoke with Today, Explained host Sean Rameswaram about his
experience fighting climate denialism, and the new tactics that
have emerged from the fossil fuel industry and the groups it
supports. Read on for an excerpt of the conversation, edited and
condensed for length and clarity, and listen to the full
conversation wherever you find podcasts...<br>
</font><font face="Calibri">- -</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>I want to ask you about another D-word that
I think is related to the lack of policies that are going to
make enough of a difference to save this planet. And that, of
course, is doom. Climate doomerism.</b><br>
<br>
Yeah. And doomism has actually been weaponized by bad actors to
convince even environmentalists that, “Hey, it’s too late to do
anything anyway, so you might as well just give up trying to solve
the climate crisis.” People who are ostensible climate advocates
and environmentalists insist that it’s too late, and we just have
to accept our fate. There are events, like mass extinction events
in the past, that some of these doomists will point to and say,
“Look what happened to the dinosaurs, what happened during the
so-called Great Dying 250 million years ago when 90 percent of all
species died out because of a massive release of carbon into the
atmosphere through an episode of massive volcanism, that’s
happening today.” There are prominent actors in the climate space
who are literally making this claim. And they’re doing so by
misrepresenting what the record of Earth history actually tells us
about those events. We are at a fragile moment. We’re not yet past
the point of no return. But if we don’t take substantial action
and do so immediately, then we are due for some of those potential
worst-case scenarios. So it is still up to us...</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">- -<br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><b>Is there a D-word out there that we
haven’t talked about — not denialism, divisionism, delayism,
doomism, deflection — that people can attach themselves to in a
moment where critical decisions that are made could really shift
the outcome?</b></font><br>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">Yes ... We have to be determined now to take
the actions that are necessary while we still can. Let’s be clear.
We should all do everything we can within the constraints of our
own lifestyles to minimize our environmental impact and to
minimize our carbon footprint. But the most important thing an
individual can do is to use their voice and their vote, because
the policies that we need in place to decarbonize our economy, to
lower carbon emissions by 50 percent over the next decade, the
only way we can accomplish that is with policy. And so we need to
vote for politicians who will do what’s right by us and act on
climate, rather than the politicians who too often are simply
acting as rubber stamps for polluters..</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font> <br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.vox.com/climate/23885799/climate-change-denial-fossil-fuel-companies-exxon-mobil">https://www.vox.com/climate/23885799/climate-change-denial-fossil-fuel-companies-exxon-mobil</a><br>
</font> <br>
<p><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><i><font face="Calibri">[ We keep learning how the rate of ice
melt is increasing - text and audio
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.tillamookheadlightherald.com/news/bursting-air-bubbles-may-play-key-role-in-glacier-ice-melts/article_d7d00ef9-bb79-5941-9a12-2fbd5d147178.html">https://www.tillamookheadlightherald.com/news/bursting-air-bubbles-may-play-key-role-in-glacier-ice-melts/article_d7d00ef9-bb79-5941-9a12-2fbd5d147178.html</a>]</font></i></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><b>Bursting air bubbles may play key role in
glacier ice melts</b><br>
Steve Lundeberg <br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri">Updated Sep 18, 2023<br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri">Oregon State University research has
uncovered a possible clue as to why glaciers that terminate at
the sea are retreating at unprecedented rates: the bursting of
tiny, pressurized bubbles in underwater ice.<br>
<br>
The study shows that glacier ice, characterized by pockets of
pressurized air, melts much more quickly than the bubble-free
sea ice or manufactured ice typically used to research melt
rates at the ocean-ice interface of tidewater glaciers.<br>
<br>
Tidewater glaciers are rapidly retreating, the authors say,
resulting in ice mass loss in Greenland, the Antarctic Peninsula
and other glacierized regions around the globe.<br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri">“We have known for a while that glacier ice
is full of bubbles,” said Meagan Wengrove, assistant professor
of coastal engineering in the OSU College of Engineering and the
leader of the study. “It was only when we started talking about
the physics of the process that we realized those bubbles may be
doing a lot more than just making noise underwater as the ice
melts.”<br>
<br>
Glacier ice results from the compaction of snow. Air pockets
between snowflakes are trapped in pores between ice crystals as
the ice makes its way from the upper layer of a glacier to deep
inside it. There are about 200 bubbles per cubic centimeter,
meaning glacier ice is about 10% air.<br>
<br>
“These are the same bubbles that preserve ancient air studied in
ice cores,” said co-author Erin Pettit, glaciologist and
professor in the OSU College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric
Sciences. “The tiny bubbles can have very high pressures –
sometimes up to 20 atmospheres, or 20 times normal atmospheric
pressure at sea level.”<br>
<br>
When the bubbly ice reaches the interface with the ocean, the
bubbles burst and create audible pops, she added.<br>
<br>
“The existence of pressurized bubbles in glacier ice has been
known for a long time but no studies had looked at their effect
on melting where a glacier meets the ocean, even though bubbles
are known to affect fluid mixing in multiple processes ranging
from industrial to medical,” Wengrove said.<br>
<br>
Lab-scale experiments performed in this study suggest bubbles
may explain part of the difference between observed and
predicted melt rates of tidewater glaciers, she said.<br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri">“The explosive bursts of those bubbles, and
their buoyancy, energize the ocean boundary layer during
melting,” Wengrove said.<br>
<br>
That carries huge implications for the way ice melt is folded
into climate models, especially those that deal with the upper
40 to 60 meters of the ocean – the researchers learned glacier
ice melts more than twice as fast as ice with no bubbles.<br>
<br>
“While we can measure the amount of overall ice loss from
Greenland over the last decade and we can see the retreat of
each glacier in satellite images, we rely on models to predict
ice melt rates,” Pettit said. “The models currently used to
predict ice melt at the ice-ocean interface of tidewater
glaciers do not account for bubbles in glacier ice.”<br>
<br>
Right now, data from NASA attributes about 60% of sea level rise
to meltwater from glaciers and ice sheets, the authors note.
More accurate characterization of how ice melts will lead to
better predictions of how quickly glaciers retreat, which is
important because “it’s a lot more difficult for a community to
plan for a 10-foot increase in water level than it is for a
1-foot increase,” Wengrove said.<br>
<br>
“Those little bubbles may play an outsized role in understanding
critical future climate scenarios,” she added.<br>
<br>
The Keck Foundation, the National Science Foundation and the
National Geographic Society funded the research, which also
included Jonathan Nash and Eric Skyllingstad of the OSU College
of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences and Rebecca Jackson of
Rutgers University.<br>
<br>
The study ha been published in Nature Geoscience.</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri">Steve Lundeberg is a researcher and writer
for Oregon State University Relations and Marketing. He may be
reached at <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:steve.lundeberg@oregonstate.edu">steve.lundeberg@oregonstate.edu</a><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.tillamookheadlightherald.com/news/bursting-air-bubbles-may-play-key-role-in-glacier-ice-melts/article_d7d00ef9-bb79-5941-9a12-2fbd5d147178.html">https://www.tillamookheadlightherald.com/news/bursting-air-bubbles-may-play-key-role-in-glacier-ice-melts/article_d7d00ef9-bb79-5941-9a12-2fbd5d147178.html</a><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"> <br>
<i>[The news archive - looking back at before Jimmy Carter was
elected - archive erased by YouTube ]</i><br>
<font size="+2"><i><b>September 23, 1976 </b></i></font> <br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"> September 23, 1976: President Gerald Ford
and Democratic challenger Jimmy Carter discuss energy policy in
the first of three presidential debates; both men express
support for "cleaner" coal.</font><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAqIKybNO38">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAqIKybNO38</a></font><br>
<font face="Calibri">(29:35--36:57)</font><font face="Calibri"> <br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri">Video unavailable This video is no longer
available because the YouTube account associated with this video
has been terminated.</font><br>
</p>
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