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<font size="+2"><font face="Calibri"><i><b>October 11</b></i></font></font><font
size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b>, 2023</b></i></font><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font> <br>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ Yale Says ]</i><br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><b>In a Hotter Climate, Some Trees Could
Make Air Pollution Worse<br>
</b></font>OCTOBER 9, 2023<br>
As temperatures rise, warmer weather will spur some trees to release
a chemical known to worsen air quality, a new study finds.<br>
<br>
In hot weather, trees such as oaks and poplars produce isoprene, a
compound that helps plants cope with heat stress. In cities,
isoprene reacts with car exhaust to form ozone, a pollutant that, at
ground level, can cause lung damage.<br>
<br>
Until now, it was unclear if climate change would cause trees to
generate more isoprene or less. In warmer weather, isoprene
production speeds up, but at higher levels of CO2, it slows down. To
gauge the potential impact of climate change, scientists at Michigan
State University exposed young poplars to both high heat and high
levels of CO2.<br>
<br>
Heat was the clear winner. At 95 degrees F (35 degrees C), CO2 does
almost nothing to dampen isoprene production, scientists found. At
that temperature, “isoprene is pouring out like crazy,” lead author
Abira Sahux said in a statement. “With that, we can say the
temperature effect trumps the CO2 effect.”<br>
<br>
The findings, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences, will help scientists predict how much isoprene trees
could produce in the future and the potential impact on air
pollution.<br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://e360.yale.edu/digest/trees-isoprene-climate-change">https://e360.yale.edu/digest/trees-isoprene-climate-change</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ worst-of-the-worst says PBS video 12 mins
</i></font><font face="Calibri"><i>PBS - <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.wren.com/WEATHERED">www.wren.com/WEATHERED</a></i></font><font
face="Calibri"><i> ]</i><br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><b>We Found the WORST Weather on Earth</b><br>
PBS Terra<br>
Oct 10, 2023<br>
<br>
As viewers of our show and most inhabitants of planet earth
probably already know, the weather down here can get pretty crazy.
But we got curious and asked: just HOW EXTREME can weather
actually get on earth? So we decided to travel the world in search
of answers and discovered not only some fascinating answers, but
some pretty interesting questions along the way. Like, how do you
even measure the most extreme weather anyway? Is it according to
precipitation? Or wind? Or temperature? Some combination of these
elements? Or something else entirely?<br>
<br>
Well, in this episode of Weathered, we dig into all of these
questions. And we actually found a place that many experts agree
is, indeed, home to the world’s worst weather. And it’s not where
we expected at all. <br>
<br>
Weathered is a show hosted by weather expert Maiya May and
produced by Balance Media that helps explain the most common
natural disasters, what causes them, how they’re changing, and
what we can do to prepare. <br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hXSgRSIHMU">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hXSgRSIHMU</a></font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<br>
<p> <font face="Calibri"> <i>[ Disinformation troops leaving their
battlements ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>'It's a Moral Issue': Creatives Are
Quitting Agencies Over Fossil Fuel Clients</b><br>
Adweek spoke with five people who've left jobs due, at least in
part, to climate convictions <br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri">When wildfire smoke turned New York skies
orange this summer, Lane Cooper* holed up in their Brooklyn
apartment with multiple air filters on high blast, working
remotely for PR firm Edelman. Their asthma means air quality
indexes above 200 are extremely dangerous. Then, a resource
manager asked them to work on the Shell account. They quit a
month later.<br>
<br>
Cooper is one of many ad and PR industry staffers who have left
their jobs in recent years due, at least in part, to their
employer’s work with fossil fuel companies...</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.adweek.com/agencies/creatives-quitting-agencies-fossil-fuel-clients/">https://www.adweek.com/agencies/creatives-quitting-agencies-fossil-fuel-clients/</a>
</font><font face="Calibri"><i>$ subscription required </i></font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri">- -</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ tactic for example ]<br>
</i></font><font face="Calibri"><b>SHELL USING FORTNITE TO PROMOTE
GASOLINE TO YOUTHS</b><br>
HOW DO YOU DO, FELLOW KIDS?<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">OCT 5<br>
by VICTOR TANGERMANN<br>
</font><font face="Calibri">Shell Corporation<br>
When was the last time you dreamed of hitting the road and going
on an epic road trip in your internal combustion engine vehicle?<br>
<br>
Giant oil corporation and major climate change contributor Shell
has begun targeting the youth by polluting their video game
experiences with a "Shell Ultimate Road Trips" campaign baked into
— what else? — Epic's hit videogame Fortnite.<br>
<br>
As Media Matters reports, the campaign is part of a broader
initiative to sell the younger generations on Shell's new
premium-grade gasoline. Outside of the uber-popular battle royale
game, the corporation is also promoting the product on Twitch,
TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube.</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">In many ways, it's a thinly-veiled attempt to
win younger demographics over by one of the biggest oil companies
in the world — at exactly the time that we should instead be
promoting any viable alternative.<br>
<br>
<b>Gassed Up</b><br>
Despite humanity facing a climate change-driven calamity
facilitated by the burning of fossil fuels — a reality that
certainly hasn't flown over the heads of younger folks — Shell has
doubled down on natural gas and oil production this year, which
already led to record profits for the company last year, according
to Bloomberg.<br>
<br>
As part of pushing its allegedly "new and improved" premium
gasoline, Shell sponsored popular gamers on Fortnite to try out a
new map. And no, we're not making this up: the new experience
involves players filling up their tanks at virtual Shell gas
stations before embarking on their #Shellroadtrips.<br>
<br>
"Conquer new roads and go to places you've never been before," an
official description reads. "From Grotto Point, Cyber City, and
Mystical Castle to Frozen Town, Canyon Edge, and Gravity Gateway."<br>
<br>
But whether the initiative will end up actually winning over
players remains to be seen. Research has shown that most youth are
massively concerned about climate change, in a phenomenon
increasingly being dubbed "climate anxiety."<br>
<br>
Of course, these fears are far from unfounded, with global
temperatures rising at an accelerating and unrelenting pace.<br>
<br>
Still, not every child playing Fortnite out there will be fully
informed. Shell's latest propaganda isn't only ill-advised, it's a
shameful marketing tactic intentionally targeting malleable minds.<br>
<br>
Sure, the US still heavily relies on gas-guzzling cars to get
around — but that doesn't mean we should continue glorifying the
environmentally harmful practice.</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><b>Death, Taxes, Branding</b><br>
The irony, of course, is that the Joshua Trees Almonte
photographed were declared endangered specifically because of
climate change, Earther reports, making Shell squarely responsible
for the problems mentioned in its new eco-tourism sponcon.<br>
<br>
But oil companies aren't letting that irony get in the way of
their marketing — not while there's potential goodwill to
manufacture! These companies are already framing themselves as
part of the answer to global climate change in carefully crafted
advertisements, and going directly to social media personalities
is simply the next obvious manifestation of that big marketing
push.<br>
<br>
"My gut would be, they’re probably going to lean into the
[corporate social responsibility]-focused stuff as a way in to
generate some goodwill, versus being like, 'we've got great gas!'"
Brendan Gahan, the chief social officer at an ad agency called
Mekanism, told Earther.</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://futurism.com/the-byte/oil-companies-paying-social-media-influencers">https://futurism.com/the-byte/oil-companies-paying-social-media-influencers</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri">- -<br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ another battleground -- "No matter how
cynical you become, it's never enough" Lilly Tomlin]<br>
</i></font><font face="Calibri"><b>The Big Oil Instagram
Influencers Are Here</b><br>
Big Oil has made small forays into the world of Instagram
influencer marketing—but if history is any indication, they're
just getting started.<br>
</font><font face="Calibri">By Molly Taft<br>
Published June 15, 2021<br>
Comments (23) Cherrie Lynn Almonte is an influencer with 192,000
Instagram followers and a bio that includes the phrase “Travel |
Lifestyle | Good vibes.” Her posts follow standard
travel-influencer protocols, with perfectly framed photos of
stunning vistas and cityscapes, lots of saturated colors, and
allocations for most shots as well as prominently tagged brands.
An October 2020 post of Almonte’s fits this vibe perfectly with a
vintage-style video of a trip to Joshua Tree. There’s dreamy
warm-toned footage of Almonte, her ash-blonde hair visible under a
big hat, wandering among cacti, and the dazzling sunset in the
desert. There’s just one thing off. It’s all interspersed with
shots of her and her fellow road tripper filling up at a Shell gas
station.<br>
<br>
The post was sponsored by Shell, which Almonte notes at the top of
her caption, before launching into a list of things she learned
from her trip. Point number one: “check your destination before
you go,” she wrote. “Especially with the fires that are happening
in California, we had to make sure it was safe for us to go to
Joshua Tree.” In fall 2020, while Almonte was filming in Joshua
Tree, California was in the midst of its biggest fire season in
history, supercharged by the West’s devastating drought conditions
and the heat of the climate crisis. Just a month prior to her
Joshua Tree video, the trees themselves became the first species
to be listed as endangered due to climate change.<br>
<br>
Compared to some other brands, Big Oil has made relatively small
forays into the world of Instagram marketing—but if history is any
indication, they’re just getting started. Almonte’s post—with the
accompanying whiplash of seeing a company partly responsible for
the climate crisis sponsoring a trip to a place greatly endangered
by climate change–could become the norm. History has shown that
fossil fuel companies have mastered the art of quiet persuasion,
and they’ll almost certainly join in the battle for our time and
attention on social media.<br>
<br>
Earther has found at least two oil and gas companies—Shell and
Phillips 66—have launched campaigns with different types of
Instagram influencers. Shell is the second-largest investor-owned
source of historical carbon pollution on the planet. Phillips 66
doesn’t have quite that historic footprint, but a staggering 80%
shareholders recently voted for the company to address its carbon
emissions tied to users. Clearly both companies could use a little
image boost in the public’s eyes.<br>
<br>
Since at least 2018, Phillips 66 has worked with a handful of
accounts as part of a campaign called “Live to the Full,” which,
per the Phillips 66 Facebook page, the company calls “an anthology
of middle America.” The accounts we were able to find posts from
all appear to be clustered around St. Louis and Kansas City; all
are parenting-focused accounts whose Phillips 66-sponsored posts
tend to center around their kids. (A post from October by Liz
Rotz, who describes herself as a “St. Louis Family Blogger,” is
pretty standard fare: The image shows Rotz and her two kids
snacking on pastries out of the back of her car, with the caption
thanking Phillips 66 for sending them on the “ultimate adventure
to eat out in St. Louis.”)<br>
<br>
Shell, meanwhile, appears to have launched multiple different
campaigns over the past few years with lots of different
influencers in several different locations. We found several
clustered under the hashtag “#ShellPartner,” which influencers use
to tag their sponsored posts with the company. Many of the posts
are pretty obviously ads; several are just influencers posing in
front of a Shell gas pump. But some posts, like Almonte’s, are
basically unrecognizable from other types of standard aspirational
social media fare. Eileen Lazazzera, who goes by @yesmissy and has
a beauty and wellness account with nearly 30,000 followers, posted
a set of photos in 2019 posing with chocolate pretzel thins and
water—no pumps or logos in sight—while giving props to Shell
stations for providing “healthy snack options while on the go” in
the caption.<br>
</font>- -<br>
<font face="Calibri">Even for heavy Instagram users, the details
behind these kinds of deals can be murky. Does the social media
manager of Shell just slide into a bunch of influencers’ DMs
hoping a few will bite? Brendan Gahan, the chief social officer at
ad agency Mekanism, said that there’s no hard-and-fast rule for
brokering an influencer-brand deal, but usually big brands like
Shell and Phillips 66 will hire social agencies that will help
them develop a strategy and then figure out influencers to work
with.<br>
<br>
“There’s a ton of tools you can use to cross-reference and get
demographic and geographic data around an influencer’s audience,”
he explained.<br>
<br>
Gahan said a lot of brands are still trying to figure out how to
best use Instagram; while more social-savvy brands are developing
ongoing relationships with top influencers, he still sees a lot of
“one-and-done” deals with brands dipping their toes into brokering
deals with accounts of all sizes. But that looks poised to change
very soon. When covid-19 closed production offices unexpectedly in
2020, it was “like gasoline on the fire” of Instagram marketing,
Gahan said. A recent survey found that the number of sponsored
posts by influencers for brands on Black Friday last year nearly
doubled from the number in 2019.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Shell seems to recognize the power of celebrity
more than any other fossil company. In 2019, the company tapped
“Criminal Minds” actor Brent Bailey as a spokesperson (Bailey ran
a social media campaign encouraging people to take a “#Shellfie,”
which, ouch). A couple of years ago, Shell launched ads featuring
Jennifer Hudson and other international stars covering Imagine
Dragons and American Authors’ songs to promote its #makethefuture
campaign. While Instagram influencers may not have the traditional
star power of a singer or actor, Gahan said the medium can still
be extremely powerful.<br>
<br>
“With a digital ad, you’re lucky if people watch 3 seconds,” Gahan
said. “People just keep scrolling. But influencers—people will
stop, and they’ll watch a full 15-, 20-minute vlog of their
favorite creator, all the way through, and they’ll listen to every
single word. You can actually communicate some stuff with real
depth.”<br>
<br>
Recently, Shell seems to have branched off from using Instagram to
promote road trips and gas station stops, and into what the
company claims it’s doing to save the environment. As part of a
new campaign called “Drive Carbon Neutral,” several influencers
have recently created outdoors-centric posts to promote how Shell
is selling options for customers to choose to add a small price to
their gas at the pump, which the company then uses to purchase
carbon offsets.<br>
<br>
“Thanks to Shell, there’s a way to explore nature and reduce our
carbon footprint at the same time,” Erik McRitchie, a photographer
from Alberta with more than 74,000 followers, narrates over a reel
of kids playing in the snow and shots of beautiful mountains.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">Earther emailed more than a dozen influencers
who worked on the Phillips 66 or Shell campaigns described in this
article. Most did not respond; the few who did get back to us
declined to talk about the partnership. (One said they sign NDAs
with the companies they work for, presumably including Phillips
66, while another said they weren’t comfortable disclosing details
because they’d “hate to ruin” their relationship with a partner.)<br>
<br>
Doing a sponsored post for a company with a dirty reputation can
have serious consequences for rising social stars’ careers. One
Instagram influencer that partnered with Shell and agreed to speak
to Earther on the condition of anonymity, said they “didn’t
expect” the negative comments from their followers. “The negative
backlash I received will definitely shape how I choose to do
partnerships in the future,” they said. But there are always more
influencers.<br>
<br>
Oil companies working with influencers is actually part of a
tradition they helped create decades ago. A lot of the way modern
advertising works—including Instagram—is thanks to the work of
brands like Shell and Exxon.<br>
<br>
“The oil industry has been essential to the invention and
perfection of propaganda techniques for 100 years,” said Geoffrey
Supran, a researcher at the Department of the History of Science
at Harvard University and director of Climate Accountability
Communication at the Climate Social Science Network at Brown
University. “Since the very beginning, they’ve been using
advertising in various ways, especially since the rise of
environmentalism and then climate change from the 1970s through
the 1990s.”<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">The genesis of many of Big Oil’s modern
propaganda techniques can be traced back to the 1970s oil crisis.
Herb Schmertz, ExxonMobil’s head of public relations in the 1970s
and 1980s who guided the company through the crisis, is recognized
by much of the advertising industry as a pioneer in the business.
He elevated the company from just something that sells a product
to a cultural and political force. Schmertz invented many
advertising techniques that are still used today, like brands
sponsoring cultural programming (under his leadership, Exxon
underwrote several seasons of PBS’s “Masterpiece Theatre” program)
and creating what he called “advertorials,” or what’s commonly
referred to today as “paid media”–ads in newspapers and on
websites that look like traditional articles. Much of Schmertz’s
work helped set Exxon up to successfully wage its decades-long PR
battle against climate science, planting the seeds for Big Oil to
influence politicians and the public into not paying attention to
what its product was doing.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">A central idea of Schmertz’s was to bypass
traditional gatekeepers, like journalists and analysts, to reach
consumers directly. The goal wasn’t necessarily to sell them a
specific product, but to establish positive associations with the
company itself as an entity, which could help head off PR crises
or problems in the future (like, say, the fact that a company is
actively helping burn down the planet). Supran said Schmertz
particularly recognized the power of celebrities, politicians,
religious leaders, and educators to sway opinions about a company
through what he called a “ripple effect,” like throwing a stone
into a pond. In Schmertz’s era, the power of the New York Times
op-ed page or an episode of a prestigious TV show could be the
most effective way of changing opinion.<br>
<br>
Were Schmertz alive and in charge of Exxon’s ad department today,
he may have seen the value in getting a post from a user’s
favorite Instagram influencer to create that ripple. Oil companies
“have gone digital, and they’ve gone more subtle, but there’s no
denying the fact that these messages are not simple product
advertising,” Supran said. “These are the modern manifestations of
the PR techniques Big Oil helped create.”<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">I wanted to get a sense of what a modern-day
Schmertz might dream up for Exxon (or Shell, or Phillips 66)
today. So, I asked Gahan how he would advise an oil and gas
company looking for a social campaign, particularly as public
opinion—especially from social native generations Gen Z and
millennials—turns increasingly toward climate action. Gahan said
he’d hammer home on the good the company says it’s doing to bond
with its audience.<br>
<br>
“My gut would be, they’re probably going to lean into the
[corporate social responsibility]-focused stuff as a way in to
generate some goodwill, versus being like, ‘we’ve got great gas!’”
he said. “These conglomerates, they’re almost so polished, there’s
no humanity there. I think they could benefit from humanity, even
if some of it’s pointing out their flaws.”<br>
<br>
Gahan’s on the money here. Big Oil has already started trying to
sell itself as part of the climate solution, though their own
climate plans along with volumes of research show they’re anything
but. Many are rebranding themselves as “energy companies” to avoid
dirty labels, even as they continue to expand fossil fuel
production and exploration. Last week, Shell’s CEO penned a
LinkedIn blog responding to a Dutch court’s historic ruling that
the company needs to cut emissions 45% by 2030.<br>
<br>
“We all know we must urgently tackle climate change and achieve
the goal of the Paris Agreement for countries to limit global
warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius,” Ben van Beurden, the CEO wrote,
after questioning whether or not it was fair for a court to single
out his company and partially blaming consumer demand for Shell’s
continued production of oil. “The court ruling has not changed the
fact that Shell is more determined than ever to play its part and
lead in this global challenge.”<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">It’s clear that the social strategy on
Instagram and beyond for oil and gas companies has turned to
talking up their role in the coming energy revolution. Meanwhile,
they’re hiding the dirty work they plan on continuing to do in
opaque reports.<br>
<br>
“There’s a social media loophole the size of an oil tanker in
terms of how the fossil fuel industry gets away with brazen
political advertising, hidden behind the veil of corporate green
talk,” said Supran.<br>
<br>
Even if regulators figure out a way to crack down on online
greenwashing, the industry is not likely to stop. Rather, it
seems, they’re just getting started. In December, Mother Jones
reported that the natural gas lobby was paying Instagram
influencers to promote gas stoves in response to the increasing
wave of legislation banning natural gas hookups across the
country. Supran pointed out that studies have shown that negative
media attention is one of the key indicators of oil and gas
advertising. In May, Big Oil suffered a three-tier punch: On the
same day Shell got handed its court ruling, both Exxon and Chevron
suffered climate-related shareholder revolts at their annual
meetings. Given the international headlines about Big Oil’s “bad
week,” it’s reasonable to expect a fresh wave of PR in the
aftermath.<br>
<br>
“I feel as though we’re going to see a doubling down on efforts to
protect social, political, and legal legitimacy,” said Supran.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">And even if advertising directly to dubious
consumers becomes increasingly tricky, turning to influencers
could be an incredibly effective way to get Big Oil’s messages
across.<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri">“A great influencer campaign, it’s shocking the
outcomes you can generate,” said Gahan. “I’ve worked campaigns
where we’ve crashed websites, had so many fans show up we’ve had
to shut things down. It’s really surprising what they can do. I
think people generally underestimate the impact that they have.”<br>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://gizmodo.com/the-big-oil-instagram-influencers-are-here-1847091004">https://gizmodo.com/the-big-oil-instagram-influencers-are-here-1847091004</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri">- -</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CGaG2jQDf3a/">https://www.instagram.com/p/CGaG2jQDf3a/</a><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri">- -<br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><i>[ irony is agile ]<br>
</i></font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><b>OH NO, OIL COMPANIES ARE PAYING SOCIAL
MEDIA INFLUENCERS NOW</b><br>
THIS ROAD TRIP BROUGHT TO YOU BY, UH, GASOLINE.<br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri">"These conglomerates, they're almost so
polished, there's no humanity there," he added. "I think they
could benefit from humanity, even if some of it's pointing out
their flaws."<br>
<br>
Meanwhile, a peek behind the curtain shows that these companies
are fare more interested in cleaning up their image than
cleaning up their actual operations, Earther reports, meaning
that the goal isn't to actually fight climate change as much as
it is to stop looking like the bad guys that they are.<br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://futurism.com/the-byte/oil-companies-paying-social-media-influencers">https://futurism.com/the-byte/oil-companies-paying-social-media-influencers</a><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font></p>
<font face="Calibri"><i>[ a nicely produced video of Washington
State glaciers - filmmaker based in North Carolina ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font> <font face="Calibri"><b>Melting
Glaciers Are More Important Than You Think</b><br>
Aidin Robbins<br>
Oct 8, 2023<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R29u6-6dqkw">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R29u6-6dqkw</a><br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"><br>
</font> </p>
<font face="Calibri"> <br>
<i>[The news archive - looking back Al Gore debate ]</i><br>
<font size="+2"><i><b>October 11, 2000 </b></i></font> <br>
October 11, 2000: In the second Presidential debate between Vice
President Al Gore and Texas Governor George W. Bush, Gore says the
US needs to take the lead in confronting the climate crisis and
embracing clean energy. Bush claims that his environmental record
as governor of Texas is not as bad as has been alleged; Bush also
attacks the concept of a carbon tax and endorses "clean coal" and
natural gas as energy solutions. Gore denies that he supports a
carbon tax, but endorses clean-energy tax incentives. Bush tries
to suggest that there's still a dispute in the scientific
community about the causes and severity of climate change, and
denounces the Kyoto Protocol. Gore defends the scientific
consensus on climate, and points out that we need to do right by
future generations; in response, Bush again suggests that there
isn't a real consensus. <br>
<br>
(65:00-85:25)<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?159296-1/presidential-candidates-debate">https://www.c-span.org/video/?159296-1/presidential-candidates-debate</a> <br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</font>
<p><font face="Calibri"> <br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><br>
=== Other climate news sources
===========================================<br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><b>*Inside Climate News</b><br>
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