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<font size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b>February</b></i></font><font
size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b> 18, 2024</b></i></font><font
face="Calibri"><br>
</font><br>
<i>[ easy to notice ]</i><br>
<b>Very cool: trees stalling effects of global heating in eastern
US, study finds</b><br>
Vast reforestation a major reason for ‘warming hole’ across parts of
US where temperatures have flatlined or cooled<br>
Oliver Milman<br>
@olliemilman<br>
Sat 17 Feb 2024<br>
Trees provide innumerable benefits to the world, from food to
shelter to oxygen, but researchers have now found their dramatic
rebound in the eastern US has delivered a further, stunning feat –
the curtailing of the soaring temperatures caused by the climate
crisis<br>
- -<br>
By poring over data from satellites and weather stations located
across the eastern US from 1900 to 2000, Barnes and her colleagues
found reforested areas have provided this cooling impact on a grand
scale, with most of this effect occurring within 400 meters of the
trees.<br>
<br>
In all, the replenished forests today cool the eastern US by 1C to
2C (1.8F to 3.6F) each year. The cooling effect is strongest on the
hottest days in summer, when trees lower temperatures by 2C to 5C
(3.6F to 9F), the researchers found.<br>
<br>
The researchers cautioned that bringing back trees hasn’t been the
sole cause of the stalled warming, with factors such as airborne
pollutants, which block incoming sunlight, and agricultural
irrigation also potential causes. But Barnes said that the findings
should further bolster efforts to provide thoughtful reforestation,
particularly near urban communities that suffer particularly
scorching temperatures due to a lack of shady trees.<br>
<br>
“Trees have a really beneficial impact upon surface temperatures
through transpiration, which is similar to human sweating, and they
have really cooled things off a lot,” said Barnes.<br>
“Moving forward, we need to think about tree planting not just as a
way to absorb carbon dioxide but also the cooling effects in
adapting for climate change, to help cities be resilient against
these very hot temperatures.”<br>
<br>
Patrick Gonzalez, a University of California, Berkeley, climate
change scientist and forest ecologist who wasn’t involved in the new
study, said the work provides “strong support” to the theory of
cooling trees.<br>
<br>
“Cutting carbon pollution from cars, power plants and other human
sources that burn coal, oil and methane remains the essential
solution to halt climate change,” he said. “Natural regeneration of
trees and reforestation, where ecologically appropriate, can
contribute substantially.”<br>
<br>
Barnes, too, stressed that reforestation was no substitute for the
need to drastically cut planet-heating emissions, which hit a new
global high last year.<br>
<br>
“Nature-based climate solutions like tree planting won’t get us out
of this climate change problem,” she said. “If anyone thinks we can
just plant a few trees and be OK, they are wrong – we need a massive
reduction in fossil fuel emissions to hit our targets. Reforestation
is something that needs to happen in addition to, not instead of,
cutting emissions.”<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/feb/17/us-east-trees-warming-hole-study-climate-crisis">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/feb/17/us-east-trees-warming-hole-study-climate-crisis</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ One video lecture skillfully explains global warming - without
math, without heavy physics. 16 min video. ]</i><br>
<b>Why do greenhouse gases cause warming?</b><br>
Arvin Ash<br>
Apr 29, 2022 Complex Science Explained Simply<br>
- -<br>
REFERENCES:<br>
Interactive chart: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bloom.bg/3FgyeZc">https://bloom.bg/3FgyeZc</a><br>
Fact check: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3vJT548">https://bit.ly/3vJT548</a><br>
Temp not rising: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3OUQeNk">https://bit.ly/3OUQeNk</a><br>
Why earth is warming: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3MQi5fJ">https://bit.ly/3MQi5fJ</a><br>
10 climate change myths: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3kE3KqH">https://bit.ly/3kE3KqH</a><br>
Scientific consensus: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3sfasaZ">https://bit.ly/3sfasaZ</a><br>
NASA land & ocean temp: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://go.nasa.gov/3w5qbdF">https://go.nasa.gov/3w5qbdF</a><br>
Global energy mix data: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3KMbHF0">https://bit.ly/3KMbHF0</a><br>
Previous warming cycles: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3vIn10l">https://bit.ly/3vIn10l</a><br>
Hottest earth has been: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3woLOGf">https://bit.ly/3woLOGf</a><br>
Solar cycles: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://go.nasa.gov/3w7XHzR">https://go.nasa.gov/3w7XHzR</a><br>
Temp vs solar activity: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://go.nasa.gov/3OZYyva">https://go.nasa.gov/3OZYyva</a><br>
Video on how climate works: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/37jvduS">https://bit.ly/37jvduS</a><br>
Temp record multiple orgs: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://go.nasa.gov/3FjkooU">https://go.nasa.gov/3FjkooU</a><br>
Ancient climate PETM: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3M1m49v">https://bit.ly/3M1m49v</a><br>
CO2 effects: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3vK8od4">https://bit.ly/3vK8od4</a><br>
Deforestation stats: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/37freiO">https://bit.ly/37freiO</a><br>
Is current warming natural: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://go.nasa.gov/3MOIBpR">https://go.nasa.gov/3MOIBpR</a><br>
How is today's warming different from past:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://go.nasa.gov/3Fi4POj">https://go.nasa.gov/3Fi4POj</a><br>
USGS.gov faqs: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://on.doi.gov/3Fw43h7">https://on.doi.gov/3Fw43h7</a><br>
NASA resources: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://go.nasa.gov/3kM0EAQ">https://go.nasa.gov/3kM0EAQ</a><br>
Video on how today's warming is like past: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3LKL0Ss">https://bit.ly/3LKL0Ss</a><br>
Climate change facts: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://on.nrdc.org/3MV3job">https://on.nrdc.org/3MV3job</a><br>
Top climate skeptic arguments: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3LNL6IK">https://bit.ly/3LNL6IK</a><br>
Overview greenhouse gases: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/37fjGfU">https://bit.ly/37fjGfU</a><br>
PETM paper: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://bit.ly/3yh2jXg">https://bit.ly/3yh2jXg</a><br>
NASA evidence: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://go.nasa.gov/3vJRn2BCHAPTERS">https://go.nasa.gov/3vJRn2BCHAPTERS</a>:
<blockquote>0:00 Why 1C makes difference<br>
2:15 What is Climate?<br>
3:32 Why do higher temps cause extreme weather?<br>
6:32 Has earth ever been this hot before?<br>
8:48 Why do greenhouse gases cause warming?<br>
10:37 What's evidence that humans cause global warming?<br>
14:26 One way to get more informed<br>
</blockquote>
SUMMARY:<br>
What's the real cause of climate change? Is global warming real? Are
humans causing climate change? What is climate change? We do a deep
dive into the data to find answers. The world today is 0.85 degrees
(C) hotter than in 1980, projected to increase 1.5C in 40 years. <br>
<br>
A one degree increase means earth retains more energy than all the
energy contained in the world’s known oil reserves. This retained
energy has to go somewhere. And this is what causes havoc. More
water evaporates from the oceans, causing more rainfall, increased
energy in hurricanes. Sea levels rise because warmer water expands
in volume, and more polar ice melts. <br>
<br>
What is climate? The difference between climate vs weather is in the
duration of changes. Climate is measured over decades, more than 30
years, weather in days, years.<br>
<br>
A higher temperature results in more extreme weather. It imparts
more energy to affect more damage. <br>
<br>
Almost all energy on earth comes from the sun. The air is drier over
land & heats up faster than over sea, because the specific heat
capacity of water is higher than that of land, so it remains cooler
than land. <br>
<br>
As the air from the land goes up to form clouds, colder air from the
sea comes to fill the gap. This causes winds. If the sun heats up
earth more, it causes a bigger pressure difference between sea and
land, causing more severe winds, and more extreme weather.<br>
<br>
Global warming accelerates evaporation of oceans, causing more rain,
snow hail & droughts. It's not just about more heat. <br>
<br>
Are higher temps be due to a hotter sun? No because its irradiance
varies by only about 0.15% over 11 years, not enough to explain the
increase in global temps. <br>
<br>
Has the earth ever been this hot? Yes, it’s been hotter. 56 million
years ago, earth warmed by 5-8C. This was the Paleo-Eocene thermal
maximum (or PETM). Much of the land mass went underwater or was
uninhabitable by animals.<br>
<br>
Scientists believe PETM is the most analogous event to what we are
experiencing now. PETM was also initiated by increases in carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere, but it was from volcanoes. <br>
<br>
Why does CO2 cause warming? Greenhouse gases have at least three
atoms in their molecules. They are loosely held so can absorb more
vibrational energy. They're efficient absorbers of long wave range
light (heat) which bounces up from the earth’s surface. They re-emit
this radiation back to Earth, resulting in warming. Non-greenhouse
gases don’t absorb heat, allowing it to pass into space.<br>
<br>
On average net 0.24 gigatons of carbon was emitted into the
atmosphere during a 50,000 year period during PETM. But humans are
emitting fifty times more today. The current 1 degree warming
occurred in less than 100 years, not 1000s of years as in PETM. <br>
<br>
Is human carbon emission a cause of global warming? Study of
isotopes of carbon in the atmosphere shows higher C12 to C13 ratios.
Fossil fuels contain higher C12 so this is evidence. <br>
<br>
Volcanic eruptions increase C13, not C12. Volcanoes emit 1% as much
CO2 as we do. The sun is not cause because it would heat both the
upper AND lower atmosphere. But we see only warming of the lower
atmosphere. <br>
#climatechange<br>
When simulations are run using just natural causes of climate
change, they predict no change in temperature. When unnatural
emissions are added, it matches the data perfectly.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-skE4jCuf-w">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-skE4jCuf-w</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ Farmers are getting angry - EU and India video ]</i><br>
<b>‘We have reached the end of our rope.’ Why farmers around the
world are protesting</b><br>
PBS NewsHour<br>
Feb 17, 2024<br>
From quiet fields to busy city streets, farmers around the world
have launched protests in recent weeks, demanding relief from what
they say is a crisis driven by climate change policies, red tape and
crop prices. Ali Rogin reports.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IsDZENn2Waw">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IsDZENn2Waw</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><i><br>
</i></p>
<i>[ Kevin Anderson has some of the most respected commentary -10
min video ]</i><br>
<b>Prof. Kevin Anderson, Climate: Where We Are Headed</b><br>
Peter Carter<br>
Feb 14, 2024<br>
Leading climate change expert, Professor Kevin Anderson gives a
frank update on the past and current policies heading to global
climate catastrophe, calling for a rapid change of course.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipdwvvZ8Wu4">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipdwvvZ8Wu4</a><br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ brief comments by a climate scientist - video ]</i><br>
<b>Jennifer Francis PhD: Losing Earth's Mirror</b><br>
greenmanbucket<br>
Feb 15, 2024<br>
2023 was marked by unexpectedly large new global temperature
records, and, even more ominously, a drop in the area of Antarctic
Sea Ice, that shocked even seasoned experts in the field.<br>
I asked Dr Francis for a reaction.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-cx8uAE4HA">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-cx8uAE4HA</a><br>
- -<br>
<b>Jennifer Francis PhD on 2023 Temperature Records</b><br>
greenmanbucket<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YNCIIACYMQ">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YNCIIACYMQ</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<font face="Calibri"> <i>[The news archive - ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> <font size="+2"><i><b>February 18, 2004 </b></i></font>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font>
<p>February 18, 2004: Sixty scientists, including several Nobel
laureates, issue a joint statement denouncing the George W. Bush
administration for distorting, downplaying and disregarding
scientific findings on such issues as human-caused climate change.<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.ucsusa.org/scientific_integrity/abuses_of_science/scientists-sign-on-statement.html">http://www.ucsusa.org/scientific_integrity/abuses_of_science/scientists-sign-on-statement.html</a>
<br>
</p>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><font face="Calibri"> <br>
</font><font face="Calibri"><br>
=== Other climate news sources
===========================================<br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><b>*Inside Climate News</b><br>
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We deliver climate news to your inbox like nobody else. Every
day or once a week, our original stories and digest of the web’s
top headlines deliver the full story, for free.<br>
</font> <font face="Calibri"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://insideclimatenews.org/">https://insideclimatenews.org/</a><br>
--------------------------------------- <br>
*<b>Climate Nexus</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://climatenexus.org/hot-news/*">https://climatenexus.org/hot-news/*</a>
<br>
Delivered straight to your inbox every morning, Hot News
summarizes the most important climate and energy news of the
day, delivering an unmatched aggregation of timely, relevant
reporting. It also provides original reporting and commentary on
climate denial and pro-polluter activity that would otherwise
remain largely unexposed. 5 weekday <br>
================================= <br>
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class="moz-txt-star"><span class="moz-txt-tag">*</span></b> <br>
Every weekday morning, in time for your morning coffee, Carbon
Brief sends out a free email known as the “Daily Briefing” to
thousands of subscribers around the world. The email is a digest
of the past 24 hours of media coverage related to climate change
and energy, as well as our pick of the key studies published in
the peer-reviewed journals. <br>
more at <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.getrevue.co/publisher/carbon-brief">https://www.getrevue.co/publisher/carbon-brief</a>
<br>
================================== <br>
*T<b>he Daily Climate </b>Subscribe <a
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