<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<p><font size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b>April </b></i></font><font
size="+2" face="Calibri"><i><b>3, 2024</b></i></font></p>
<i>[ Techno-fides - or faith in technology BUYING TIME - from
NYTimes]</i><br>
<b>Warming Is Getting Worse. So They Just Tested a Way to Deflect
the Sun.</b><br>
- -<br>
Brightening clouds is one of several ideas to push solar energy back
into space — sometimes called solar radiation modification, solar
geoengineering, or climate intervention. Compared with other
options, such as injecting aerosols into the stratosphere, marine
cloud brightening would be localized and use relatively benign sea
salt aerosols as opposed to other chemicals...<br>
And yet, the idea of interfering with nature is so contentious,
organizers of Tuesday’s test kept the details tightly held,
concerned that critics would try to stop them. Although the Biden
administration is funding research into different climate
interventions, including marine cloud brightening, the White House
distanced itself from the California study, sending a statement to
The New York Times that read: “The U.S. government is not involved
in the Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) experiment taking place in
Alameda, CA, or anywhere else.”<br>
<br>
David Santillo, a senior scientist at Greenpeace International, is
deeply skeptical of proposals to modify solar radiation. If marine
cloud brightening were used at a scale that could cool the planet,
the consequences would be hard to predict, or even to measure, he
said.<br>
<br>
“You could well be changing climactic patterns, not just over the
sea, but over land as well,” he said. “This is a scary vision of the
future that we should try and avoid at all costs.”<br>
- -<br>
Karen Orenstein, director of the Climate and Energy Justice Program
at Friends of the Earth U.S., a nonprofit environmental group,
called solar radiation modification “an extraordinarily dangerous
distraction.” She said the best way to address climate change would
be to quickly pivot away from burning fossil fuels.<br>
- -<br>
Dr. Latham later attributed his idea to a hike with his son in
Wales, where they paused to look at clouds over the Irish Sea.<br>
<br>
“He asked why clouds were shiny at the top but dark at the bottom,”
Dr. Latham told the BBC in 2007. “I explained how they were mirrors
for incoming sunlight.”<br>
<br>
Dr. Latham had a proposal that may have seemed bizarre: create a
fleet of 1,000 unmanned, sail-powered vessels to traverse the
world’s oceans and continuously spray tiny droplets of seawater into
the air to deflect solar heat away from Earth.<br>
<br>
The idea is built on a scientific concept called the Twomey effect:
Large numbers of small droplets reflect more sunlight than small
numbers of large droplets. Injecting vast quantities of minuscule
aerosols, in turn forming many small droplets, could change the
composition of clouds.<br>
- -<br>
Dr. Wood estimated that scientists could need another decade of
tests before they were in a position to potentially use marine cloud
brightening at the scale required to cool the Earth.<br>
<br>
Ms. Wanser is already looking ahead to the next phase of that
research. “The next step is go out to the ocean,” she said, “aim up
the spray a little higher, and touch clouds.”<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/climate/global-warming-clouds-solar-geoengineering.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/climate/global-warming-clouds-solar-geoengineering.html</a><br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/climate/global-warming-clouds-solar-geoengineering.html?ugrp=c&unlocked_article_code=1.hk0.pqSu.1wRmMImScX8G&smid=url-share">https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/climate/global-warming-clouds-solar-geoengineering.html?ugrp=c&unlocked_article_code=1.hk0.pqSu.1wRmMImScX8G&smid=url-share</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<br>
<i>[ natural ways that wildfires start ]</i><br>
<b>How Much Lightning Actually Strikes the United States?</b><br>
Chris Vagasky, Ronald L. Holle, Martin J. Murphy, John A. Cramer,
Ryan K. Said, Mitchell Guthrie, and Jesse Hietanen<br>
Online Publication: 02 Apr 2024<br>
<blockquote><b>Abstract</b><br>
The number of cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes over the contiguous
United States (CONUS) has been estimated to be from as small as 25
million per year to as many as 40 million. In addition, many CG
flashes contact the ground in more than one place. To clarify
these values, recent data from the National Lightning Detection
Network (NLDN) have been examined since the network is performing
well enough to make precise updates to the number of CG flashes
and their associated ground contact points. The average number of
CG flashes is calculated to be about 23.4 million per year over
the CONUS, and the average number of ground contact points is
calculated as 36.8 million per year. Knowledge of these two
parameters is critical to lightning protection standards, as well
as better understanding of the effects of lightning on forest fire
initiation, geophysical interactions, human safety, and
applications that benefit from knowing that a single flash may
transfer charge to the ground in multiple, widely spaced
locations. Sensitivity tests to assess the effects of
misclassification of CG and in-cloud (IC) lightning are also made
to place bounds on these estimates, and the likely uncertainty is
a few percent.<br>
</blockquote>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/bams/105/3/BAMS-D-22-0241.1.xml">https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/bams/105/3/BAMS-D-22-0241.1.xml</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ Vegetable farming to Solar farming and back again ]</i><br>
<b>Farmer Ken Landsburg on Solar and the Future of Soil</b><br>
greenmanbucket<br>
Apr 2, 2024<br>
Ken Landsburg is a farmer in Sandusky, MI.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mKm-g2Hir4">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mKm-g2Hir4</a><br>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<i>[ book discussion and questions
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.jonathonporritt.com/hope-in-hell/">https://www.jonathonporritt.com/hope-in-hell/</a> ]</i><br>
<b>Hope in Hell | Jonathon Porritt Book Launch | June 24th 2020</b><br>
Jonathon Porritt<br>
Jun 26, 2020<br>
Jonathon Porritt launched his latest book Hope in Hell: A decade to
confront the climate emergency, on 24th June 2020. This is the full
recording of the streamed online event hosted by Lucy Siegle. <br>
<br>
During the event, Jonathon discusses the motivation behind Hope in
Hell, the significance of our response to the Covid-19 pandemic with
regard the climate emergency and how peaceful civil-disobedience
will play a vital role in bringing about the change we need. <br>
<br>
Hope in Hell is now available to order online bit.ly/hopeinhellbook<br>
<br>
Find out more about Jonathon Porrit's work and his latest title Hope
in Hell at: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.jonathonporritt.com/">http://www.jonathonporritt.com/</a><br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.jonathonporritt.com/hope-in-hell/">https://www.jonathonporritt.com/hope-in-hell/</a>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<font face="Calibri"> <i>[The news archive - Walter spoke ]</i></font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> <font size="+2"><i><b>April 3, 1980 </b></i></font>
</font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font> April 3, 1980: "The CBS Evening News
with Walter Cronkite" reports on the role coal plays in fueling
global warming.<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://climatecrocks.com/2013/01/23/1980-cronkite-on-climate/">http://climatecrocks.com/2013/01/23/1980-cronkite-on-climate/</a><br>
<br>
<p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p>
<br>
<font face="Calibri">/Archive of Daily Global Warming News <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/">https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/</a></font><br>
/To receive daily mailings - click to Subscribe <a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:subscribe@theClimate.Vote?subject=Click%20SEND%20to%20process%20your%20request"><mailto:subscribe@theClimate.Vote?subject=Click%20SEND%20to%20process%20your%20request></a>
to news digest./<br>
<br>
/Archive of Daily Global Warming News <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/">https://pairlist10.pair.net/pipermail/theclimate.vote/</a><br>
<br>
Privacy and Security: *This mailing is text-only -- and carries no
images or attachments which may originate from remote servers.
Text-only messages provide greater privacy to the receiver and
sender. This is a personal hobby production curated by Richard Pauli<br>
By regulation, the .VOTE top-level domain cannot be used for
commercial purposes. Messages have no tracking software.<br>
To subscribe, email: <a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:contact@theclimate.vote">contact@theclimate.vote</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:contact@theclimate.vote"><mailto:contact@theclimate.vote></a>
with subject subscribe, To Unsubscribe, subject: unsubscribe<br>
Also you may subscribe/unsubscribe at <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote">https://pairlist10.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/theclimate.vote</a><br>
<p> Links and headlines assembled and curated by Richard Pauli for <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://TheClimate.Vote">http://TheClimate.Vote</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="http://TheClimate.Vote/"><http://TheClimate.Vote/></a>
delivering succinct information for citizens and responsible
governments of all levels. List membership is confidential and
records are scrupulously restricted to this mailing list. </p>
<font face="monospace">
=== </font><br>
<font face="Calibri"> </font>
</body>
</html>