[TheClimate.Vote] June7 , 2019 - Daily Global Warming News Digest
Richard Pauli
richard at theclimate.vote
Fri Jun 7 09:53:42 EDT 2019
/June 7, 2019/
[Accuweather report]
*Dangerous India heat wave to worsen as temperatures approach all-time
highs in New Delhi this weekend*
By Eric Leister, AccuWeather senior meteorologist
With monsoon rains still several weeks away, intense heat will maintain
a firm grip on northern India as well as neighboring Pakistan into the
middle of June.
The heat began to build across central and northern India during mid- to
late May and peaked last week with the hottest days of the year so far
in many locations...
- - -
Farther west, the temperature rose to a blistering high of 51.1 C (124
F) in Jacobabad, Pakistan, on Saturday and Sunday before lowering to
around 49 C (120 F) from Monday to Thursday.
More dangerous heat is expected in Jacobabad and surrounding locations
into next week as temperatures may climb back above 50 C (122 F).
Actual temperatures will not be as extreme in Karachi, with daily high
temperatures of 36-39 C (97-102 F) expected on most days this week.
Sweltering humidity; however, will create dangerously higher AccuWeather
RealFeel Temperatures.
Unfortunately, this heat is not expected to break any time soon, as dry
weather prevails and monsoon rainfall remains far away for northern
India and Pakistan.
https://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/dangerous-india-heat-wave-to-worsen-as-temperatures-approach-all-time-highs-in-new-delhi-this-weekend/70008472
- - -
[The Guardian]
*Thousands could perish annually in US if global heating not curbed,
study finds*
Every year nearly 5,800 people are expected to die in New York, 2,500 in
Los Angeles and more than 2,300 in Miami
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jun/05/thousands-could-perish-annually-us-global-heating-study
- - -
[agreed]
*Climate change is a clear and present danger for humanity - and the
silence grows more deafening by the day*
Which countries have announced they are ending sales of diesel and
petrol vehicles within five years? Which are seriously ramping up
renewable energy sources to outweigh coal and gas?
Jane Dalton @JournoJane
- - -
The price of inaction was unthinkable, they said - and far, far higher
than the cost of action.
Just four days later the UN published a report on the latest research on
biodiversity and the findings were alarming. It said that wildlife is
being destroyed at an unprecedented rate, with a million species facing
extinction unless world leaders introduce drastic changes...
- - -
Humans are putting our own future at risk by harming the very systems we
rely on. Our inaction is undermining efforts to tackle poverty, to
improve health and to curb climate change, the scientists said.
And this week we have seen a prediction that human civilisation itself
could end within decades if we fail to take collective action to stop
temperatures reaching 3C above pre-industrial levels. The report,
co-written by a former oil and gas executive, suggests the world is
ignoring plausible scenarios that would have devastating consequences...
- - -
Britain is one of the most nature-depleted countries and still one of
the most influential. The onus is on us to be a genuine pioneer in
revolutionising our food, transport and power systems, as well as our
reliance on fossil fuels.
The UN experts warned a month ago that wildlife was vanishing so quickly
that no country could afford a business-as-usual approach.
Yet indulging in business as usual is exactly what appears to be
happening, our leaders sleepwalking - dragging us with them - towards an
unparalleled catastrophe. Perhaps they consider the short-term financial
cost a vote-loser, even if the rise of the Green Party in the recent
European elections might help temper that assumption.
Meanwhile, the price is being paid elsewhere. Our sea levels are rising
and our soil is wearing out, our tigers and polar bears and songbirds
are dying. Our planet is being stripped of its soul.
https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/climate-change-crisis-warning-human-civilisation-global-warming-a8945136.html
[Voice of America - audio)
*Climate Change Could Cost Business Almost $1 Trillion *
More than 200 of the world's largest companies predict that climate
change could cost them a combined total of almost $1 trillion.
That is a finding from a report released earlier this week. The report
predicts that most of the money will be needed in the next five years.
A Britain-based aid group called CDP did the study. The group was once
known as the Carbon Disclosure Project...
- - -
CDP is urging business leaders to face the possibility of rising
temperatures and other changes, and to consider risks to their
operations. Its goal is to increase investment in cleaner industries.
The group hopes this can cut the release of carbon dioxide and other
industrial gasses in time to meet climate goals worldwide.
In its latest study, CDP examined information from 215 of the world's
largest businesses, including Apple, Microsoft, Unilever, China Mobile,
Sony and BHP.
These companies predicted a total of $970 billion in extra costs would
result from higher temperatures, weather changes and pricing of carbon
gas emissions. About half of these costs were seen as likely to almost sure.
Many companies noted a strong likelihood of success if the world can
de-carbonize in time to prevent the worst effects of climate changes.
Scientists consider this to be the end of industrial civilization...
- - -
But the group argues that the amount to which companies are willing to
disclose provides a measure to judge the relative openness of different
industries. And, CDP said, the exercise creates pressure on companies to
disclose more freely.
The report found that no industry was entirely transparent on climate
risk. It said financial services companies seemed to be the most open
among the businesses responding
Fossil fuel companies that provided responses to the study reported $140
billion of possible economic gains in the drive toward a low-carbon
economy. The CDP said that number is more than five times the $25
billion value of the risks they identified.
https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/climate-change-could-cost-business-almost-1-trillion/4947251.html
[Australia report from Daily Beast]
*The Climate Change Apocalypse Has Arrived. You Can Hear It on the New
South Wales Country Hour.*
In New York, it's easy to forget about climate change when there's not a
Sandy-level catastrophe. Across the globe, it's an everyday reality now.
Josh Nathan-Kazis - Updated 06.02.19
Late last year, looking for something new to listen to while doing
chores around the apartment, I dove deep into podcasts and resurfaced in
southern Australia, where the world is ending.
This was at the end of December, during a warm weekend in New York City.
The high in Central Park that Saturday was 13 degrees above the
historical average. In Bellata, a small village in the interior of New
South Wales, a violent windstorm blew the roof off the home of a sorghum
farmer. A horse owner elsewhere in the state said her hay shed had been
"absolutely buckled to smithereens." The sorghum farmer was unbothered.
"At least we got a good rain," he said.
That was my introduction to the New South Wales Country Hour.
The program's host, Michael Condon, had opened with a rundown of the
day's weather disasters: "Dairy production in Australia said to fall to
levels not seen in more than 20 years, and cyclonic winds and hail the
size of tennis balls batters farms up and down the state," he said, in
his BBC-style deadpan.
Three days later, when I checked in on the podcast again--it's thumbnail
image is a herd of sheep, and it opened with ewes bleating and a cow
mooing over what sounded like a MIDI version of the Morning Edition
riff--Condon was reporting on the hail smashing cherry farms, and a
toxic blue green algae bloom on a stretch of the Darling River. ...
- - -
As I listened to the farming news from New South Wales a few times a
week, everything began to feel a bit more precarious.
Take the fish kills. On January 30, Condon's fill-in that day, Kim
Honan, opened with a segment on the discovery of hundreds of dead fish
the day before in the Murrumbidgee River in southwest New South Wales.
They were carp and perch and bony bream, mostly. Australia's minister
for regional water at the time, Niall Blair, told one of the program's
reporters that the die-off was a "relatively minor event," relative to
recent fish die-offs in the lower Darling River, a few hundred
kilometers north.
I hadn't heard of the Darling River fish kills. They're horrifying. In
three separate incidents in 2018 and 2019, up to a million fish perished
en masse in a stretch of the lower Darling. Photographs of the incidents
show ponds where the surface is blanketed by fish carcasses. It looks
apocalyptic.
These fish kills happened after the drought turned the Darling into a
series of lakes, and those lakes gradually shrunk, causing the water
quality to deteriorate. Climate change has, at the very least, amplified
the conditions that led to the die-offs, according to an independent
report commissioned by the Australian government.
Weather, of course, is a complex phenomenon. The relationship between
global climate change and the extreme weather that's slammed New South
Wales over the past year is complicated, though experts say that climate
change is exacerbating the impact of the drought.
"The primary issue is it's not raining," said Andy Pitman, an
atmospheric scientist who directs the Centre of Excellence for Climate
Extremes at the University of New South Wales. Though droughts are part
of the natural cycle in New South Wales, this one doesn't fit the
classic model, and experts don't understand why it's happening.
What the experts do know is that this drought has been worse than
previous bad droughts because it's also extraordinarily hot. Pitman said
that there are towns in inland New South Wales where the temperature was
over 104 degrees Fahrenheit for more than a month in 2018.
"The fundamental difference between this drought and other previous
droughts is it's hotter," Pitman said. "And we know why it's hotter.
It's because humans keep emitting greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere."
It's likely that the drought is a natural phenomenon. Its intensity,
however, is almost certainly due to climate change. "There's no way to
economically survive this kind of an event, if it continues for long
enough," Pitman said.
- - -
"This is how it will look in the future," Pitman told me. "Places you
thought were safe will become insecure. Other places that are already
insecure will become more so, and it's rather down to blind luck as to
whether you happen to have your job or your family or your property in a
place that becomes extremely vulnerable, or whether you serendipitously
happen to be living somewhere that withstands it. But ultimately all of
those places which are hammered by climate change will add up and feed
through the system and start to directly impact everybody."
He paused. "Sorry. It's not a good news story."
The situation in New South Wales remains grim. The Australian
government's monthly report on climatic conditions in the state for
April said that it had been the fifth-hottest April on record in New
South Wales, and that a number of towns had recorded record-breaking
temperatures. Rainfall, meanwhile, was 58 percent below average.
Farmers' mental health is a growing concern. In September, the program
reported that the suicide rate in Australia was up 10 percent, an
increase one expert linked to the drought.
"Farmers are like the canary in the coal mine," Condon wrote in an email.
On the other side of the world, where I live, we have extreme weather,
too. Just seven years ago, the neighborhood next to mine was submerged,
my office was uninhabitable for months, and 43 million gallons of
saltwater flooded the Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel. But today, as Hurricane
Sandy fades into the murky half-forgotten recent past, the urban
strongholds of the East Coast of the United States can feel
impenetrable, and the catastrophes a few states away are just blips on
our Twitter feeds.
The updates Condon offers each day on the New South Wales Country Hour
can register, at first, as not quite real. New South Wales is, after
all, rather far away, and its huge variety of atmospheric misfortune can
sound too wild to believe. Listen longer, though, as Condon and his
colleagues introduce you to the dairy farmers of Deniliquin and the
horse owners of Bellata, and it gets very real, very fast.
https://www.abc.net.au/radio/programs/nsw-country-hour/
It's enough to make you wonder if you might not be so safe from the
storm, either.
https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-climate-change-apocalypse-has-arrived-you-can-hear-it-on-the-new-south-wales-country-hour?ref=scroll
[greater concern for a well known risk, earthquakes]
*Study: Enhanced Seismic Activity Observed in Alaska Due To Climate Change*
Adven Masih 2018 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 167 012018
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/167/1/012018
*Abstract*
The impact of human induced climate change on the rising temperature
cannot be neglected. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) 2012 report, the mean temperature roughly rises up to 3°C
relative to 1990. Permafrost in Siberia and Alaska has started to thaw
for the first time since it formed 11,000 years ago, has caused by the
recent rise in temperature over the past six decades. The melting rate
of glaciers has become significantly higher, causing a noticeable rise
(0.19meters) in the sea level globally. Climate change can trigger
catastrophes such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis and
landslides due to melting glaciers and rising in sea level. The melting
of glaciers driven by global warming warns us of a seismically turbulent
future. When glaciers melt, the massive weight on the Earth's crust
reduces and the crust bounces back in what scientists call an "isostatic
rebound". The process can reactivate faults and lift pressure on magma
chambers that feed volcanoes, hence increases seismic activity. The
paper discusses the correlation between rise in temperature due to
global warming and earthquake frequency using Pearson's correlation
coefficient and regression analysis based on a case study from Alaska.
- - -
PDF file:
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/167/1/012018/pdf
U.S. Arctic Research Commission reported that the consistent rise in the
temperature is a serious concern in Alaska and Arctic because often
melting of glaciers and permafrost due to air and surface warming lead
to ground destabilization as well as ecosystem changes. According to
Sujib Kar seismicity has been increasing due to global warming. Kar in
an interview said that "If you look at the number of earthquakes of
magnitude 5 or more in Richter scale from 2001 to 2015 in
earthquake-prone areas, you will be able to comprehend the dynamics.
- - -
Bill McGuire, a professor of geophysical and climate hazards at
University College London, in his book entitled "Waking the Giant"
argues that, if the present trend of climate change driven by human
continue, the temperature and sea level will rise as compared to
post-glacial period, it would be a surprise if some of the countless
faults under the subsurface did not respond to the new distribution of
global water certain to occur as world continue to heat up. He told
India Climate Dialogue that "it's not a theory anymore, there is huge
amount of evidence for the clear relationship between climate change and
earthquakes particularly in Scandinavia and North America at the
transition from the last Ice Age. The seismic response of ice unloading
can clearly be seen in Alaska".
*Climate change and projected potential for seismic response*
U.S. Artic Research Commission reported that the consistent rise in the
temperature is a serious concern in Alaska and Arctic because often
melting of glaciers and permafrost due to air and surface warming lead
to ground destabilization as well as ecosystem changes. According to
Sujib Kar seismicity has been increasing due to global warming. Kar in
an interview said that "If you look at the number of earthquakes of
magnitude 5 or more in Richter scale from 2001 to 2015 in
earthquake-prone areas, you will be able to comprehend the dynamics.
The rise of global temperature was phenomenal during this period". He
further added that the total number of earthquakes recorded in 2001 with
magnitude 5 or more on Richter scale across the globe were merely 157,
whereas the numbers for same type of events occurred in 2015 were nearly
ten times higher - 1556. The trend according to the proposed hypothesis
shows that rising temperature due to global warming in Alaska might have
contributed to the sharply increased cumulative earthquake frequency in
recent decades. ...
- - -
Earthquake behaviour is chaotic and skills for forecasting them are
limited, however the rise in the frequency of small earthquakes is
arguable as glaciers melt and sea level rises. Due to tremendous
increase in the low magnitude earthquake records since 21st century
beginning, the correlation coefficient between temperature and minor
earthquakes was expected to be the strongest among all others, however
interestingly, it is not even significant which reflects the
technological progression of recent seismic station network expansion by
USArray all over U.S.
- - -
*Conclusions*
Results [..] show that it [Global Warming] can significantly influence
the subsurface tectonic plate moments through accelerated seismic
activity as well. It seems that rise in regional temperature due to
global warming causing the glaciers to melt, which in turn
depressurizing the underlying rocks, hence affecting the earth to
rebound and faults to reactivate, therefore labeling the region
seismically active with obvious increase in the frequency of volcanoes
and earthquakes.
http://climatestate.com/2019/06/06/enhanced-seismic-activity-observed-due-to-climate-change/
- - -
[classic report from 2010]
*Climate forcing of geological and geomorphological hazards*
Bill McGuire
Published:28 May 2010
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsta.2010.0077
- - -
[video talk]
*Waking the Climate Giant*
Climate State
Published on Mar 21, 2018
Bill McGuire (University College London) speaks about responses from the
Earth crust in this 2016 lecture. He wrote a book on the subject,
available at
https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Publications/Bookshop/Search?k=waking&sortexpr=Publication%20Date%20Desc
https://youtu.be/DNWGlzHC2ss
[thick and fast moving]
*Patagonia ice sheets thicker than previously thought, study finds*
by University of California, Irvine - June 4, 2019
Glaciers in South America's Patagonia region, including Argentina's
Viedma Glacier (pictured), are much thicker than expected, according to
a seven-year survey conducted by scientists from UCI, Chile and
Argentina that will enable researchers and planners to more accurately
model the effects of global warming and plan for potential disruptions
in freshwater resources. Credit: Jeremie Mouginot / UCI
After conducting a comprehensive, seven-year survey of Patagonia,
glaciologists from the University of California, Irvine and partner
institutions in Argentina and Chile have concluded that the ice sheets
in this vast region of South America are considerably more massive than
expected.
Through a combination of ground observations and airborne gravity and
radar sounding methods, the scientists created the most complete ice
density map of the area to date and found that some glaciers are as much
as a mile (1,600 meters) thick. Their findings were published today in
the American Geophysical Union journal Geophysical Research Letters.
"We did not think the ice fields on the Patagonian plateau could be
quite that substantial," said co-author Eric Rignot, Donald Bren
Professor and chair of Earth system science at UCI. "As a result of this
multinational research project, we found that--added together--the
northern and southern portions of Patagonia clearly hold more ice than
anticipated, roughly 40 times the ice volume of the European Alps."
Patagonia is home to the largest ice fields in the Southern Hemisphere
outside Antarctica, and its glaciers are among the fastest-moving in the
world. Surface elevation observations from satellite radar altimetry and
optical imagery have shown that most of the ice slabs in the region have
been thinning rapidly over the past four decades. The contribution to
global sea level rise from their melting has increased at an
accelerating pace during that time....
https://phys.org/news/2019-06-patagonia-ice-sheets-thicker-previously.html
[Ozone can be easily filtered out]
*CHRONIC OZONE EXPOSURE OVERLAPS WITH INJURED ARTERIES*
Long-term exposure to ambient ozone appears to accelerate arterial
conditions that progress into cardiovascular disease and stroke,
according to a new research.
It's the first epidemiological study to provide evidence that ozone
might advance subclinical arterial disease--injuries that occur to the
artery walls prior to a heart attack or stroke--and provides insight
into the relationship between ozone exposure and cardiovascular disease
risk.
"This may indicate that the association between long-term exposure to
ozone and cardiovascular mortality that has been observed in some
studies is due to arterial injury and acceleration of atherosclerosis,"
says lead author of the study Meng Wang, assistant professor of
epidemiology and environmental health in the University at Buffalo
School of Public Health and Health Professions.
The paper appears in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives.
The longitudinal study followed nearly 7,000 people aged 45 to 84 from
six US regions: Winston-Salem, North Carolina; New York, New York;
Baltimore, Maryland; St. Paul, Minnesota; Chicago, Illinois; and Los
Angeles, California. Participants were enrolled in the Multi-Ethnic
Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and researchers have followed them for
over a decade.
Atherosclerosis refers to the build-up of plaque, or fatty deposits, in
the artery walls, which, over time, restricts blood flow through the
arteries. This can cause blood clots, resulting in a heart attack or
stroke, depending on which artery--coronary or carotid,
respectively--the plaque accumulates in.
THICKENED ARTERIES AND CAROTID PLAQUE
The study finds that chronic exposure to ozone is associated with a
progression of thickening of the main artery that supplies blood to the
head and neck. It also reveals a higher risk of carotid plaque, a later
stage of arterial injury that occurs when there's widespread plaque
buildup in the intima and media, the innermost two layers of an artery wall.
"We used statistical models to capture whether there are significant
associations between ozone exposure and these outcomes," says Wang, who
is also a faculty member in the university's RENEW (Research and
Education in eNergy, Environment, and Water) Institute. "Based on this
model, it suggests that there is an association between long-term
exposure to ozone and progression of atherosclerosis."
While the study finds an association between air pollution and
atherosclerosis, researchers aren't clear on why. "We can show that
there is an association between ozone exposure and this outcome, but the
biological mechanism for this association is not well understood," Wang
says.
OZONE VS. PARTICULATE MATTER
The study is unique in its focus on ozone exposure rather than
particulate matter.
Particle pollution comes from a variety of human and natural activities.
Examples include vehicle exhaust, fossil fuel burning, and agricultural
and industrial operations and processes. Smog is a harmful byproduct of
such activities.
That shouldn't be confused with the ozone layer in Earth's upper
atmosphere, which shields us from much of the sun's ultraviolet radiation.
Ground-level ozone, however, causes serious health problems. When
breathed in, it aggressively attacks lung tissue by chemically reacting
with it, according to the American Lung Association.
Wang's study--which includes researchers from the University of
Washington and the University of Wisconsin-Madison--has policy
implications for the US, where the Environmental Protection Agency in
2015 lowered the federal health standards for ozone.
"Most attention to air quality in the United States has focused on
particulate matter air pollution," Wang says. "However, ozone
concentrations within metropolitan areas are not positively correlated
with particulate matter pollution. In addition, mean ozone levels--as
reported in this paper--are not declining in the United States, probably
due to the worsening of climate change."
The EPA reports that particulate matter concentrations have decreased
across the nation as efforts are made to reduce vehicle emissions and
use clean energy.
Ozone, however, is much trickier, Wang notes. "For policy in the US, the
focus should be on how to effectively control ozone concentration, which
may be harder because it's a secondary pollutant," he says. "With
climate change getting worse, this issue may become amplified."
Source: University at Buffalo
Original Study DOI: 10.1289/EHP3325
[Photograph exhibit thermal refugees]
https://publicdelivery.org/richard-mosse-incoming/
- - -
[video overview]
*NGV Triennial | Richard Mosse*
NGV Melbourne
Published on Apr 17, 2018
Using a new long-range thermal imaging camera developed for military
use, with the ability to record subjects up to 50 kilometres away in
total darkness, Irish artist Richard Mosse has created a suite of new
works that take as its subject the Syrian Civil War and resulting flood
of refugees from that country.
NGV Triennial
15 December 2017 -- 15 April 2018
https://youtu.be/6QOyFAqs_rM
- - -
[more at]
*Photographers in Focus: Richard Mosse*
NOWNESS
Published on Aug 19, 2018
Irish filmmaker and photographer Richard Mosse first gained significant
attention for his startling and surreal images of the war in the
Democratic Republic of Congo. These shots, some of which you can view
below, used infrared film to transform trees, bushes, and flowers into a
landscape of extraterrestrial unfamiliarity, bringing together--in
compositions that are both beautiful and terrifying--the extremities of
conflict. Throughout his career, the photographer has investigated not
only war, but the fact of the human displacement caused by war. This has
taken him from the Congo to the Balkans, and from the US-Mexican border
to the shores of his native Europe.
The artist's most recent work, such as 2017's Incoming, appropriates a
technology commonly used by the military and private security
companies--heat-sensitive video cameras that depict, in black, white,
and shades of grey, the scale and horror--in its banalities and
brutalities--of the ongoing refugee crisis in Europe. A related series
of gigantic composite photographs, which use the same technology, won
him the Prix Pictet. Both projects were collaborations with
cinematographer Trevor Tweeten and composer Ben Frost.
In this filmic portrait of a photographer whose work has consistently
shed light on the human tragedies of the modern age, Korean-Polish
filmmaker Adinah Dancyer places Mosse in front of the lens in order to
explore not only his work, but the looming social issues which his
images so compellingly address.y
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ng4koDgq2No
*This Day in Climate History - June 7, - from D.R. Tucker*
June 7, 2007: The New York Times reports:
"As leaders of wealthy nations converged Wednesday on a Baltic Sea
resort for their annual meeting, the White House effectively
derailed a climate change initiative backed by one of President
Bush's strongest European allies, Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany.
"The White House said it would hold firm against concrete long-term
targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, a major priority for
Mrs. Merkel, the host of the Group of 8 meeting."
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/07/world/europe/07prexy.html?_r=0&pagewanted=print
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