[✔️] July 22, 2023- Global Warming News Digest | bye-bye home insurance, June hottest, July could be too, China, Dave Roberts optimism, Cost of living in the US West, 2013 Carbon tax fail

[Richard Pauli]

/*July*//*22, 2023*/

/[  NPR - but not yet audio, text only ] /
*How climate change could cause a home insurance meltdown*
July 22, 2023
By  Michael Copley, Rebecca Hersher, Nathan Rott
Big wildfires had started burning more often in California, creeping 
closer to Beth Pratt's home near Yosemite National Park. So Pratt did 
what homeowners in fire-prone areas are supposed to do: She added a 
metal roof, traded wood decking for laminate, installed a water tank and 
a fire hose, and cleared vegetation near her house. Pratt says she 
emptied her savings to make her "home for life" fire resistant.

But it didn't matter. Earlier this month, Pratt got a letter from 
Allstate, her home insurer of 31 years, saying her coverage was being 
dropped because of the threat from wildfires. "I get companies need to 
make money. I have no problem with that. Increase my rate," Pratt says. 
"But to just drop people — you know, it's scary. It leaves us feeling 
extremely vulnerable."

Pratt, like hundreds of thousands of other homeowners in California, now 
faces the state's growing climate threats with a weaker safety net. Over 
the past two years, several big insurers, including Allstate and State 
Farm, have scaled back their home insurance businesses in California to 
avoid paying billions for wildfire damage, or have halted sales of new 
policies altogether. Homeowners like Pratt are finding out that their 
longtime insurers have decided not to renew coverage.

California isn't alone. Insurance companies in states like Colorado, 
Louisiana and Florida are paring down business to shield themselves from 
ballooning losses as climate change fuels more-intense disasters. 
Earlier this month, the insurance arm of AAA announced it would not 
renew some "higher exposure" home insurance policies in Florida, and 
Farmers Insurance announced it will stop offering new home insurance 
policies in the state and won't renew thousands of existing ones, in 
part because of rising losses from hurricanes.

Nationwide, millions of homeowners are having to find different kinds of 
coverage, which typically come at a higher price with less protection.

If people can't get insurance, they can't get mortgages. And families 
who don't have adequate home insurance often struggle after disasters. 
Some have to move because they can't pay to repair their homes, or else 
they suffer long-term damage to their finances.

Several factors have converged to make adequate, reasonably priced home 
insurance harder to get. State agencies regulate the insurance industry, 
and they are trying to keep rates low for residents, even as weather 
gets more extreme from global warming. As a result, insurers say they 
can't increase rates enough to cover the damage occurring in the 
riskiest places.

Meanwhile, the cost of disasters keeps going up. People continue moving 
to coastal regions vulnerable to hurricanes and to rural, forested areas 
around the country that are prone to wildfires. When homes get 
destroyed, inflation is making it more expensive to rebuild. All the 
while, the rising temperatures driving disasters are caused primarily by 
burning fossil fuels that insurance companies themselves continue to 
underwrite and invest in.

The United States is "marching steadily towards an uninsurable future," 
says Dave Jones, a law professor at the University of California, 
Berkeley and the state's former insurance commissioner.

Allstate wouldn't comment on Pratt's case.

The shrinking of home insurance options comes at a time when most 
American families have little in savings, and many can't get a loan to 
repair a house that's damaged or destroyed. So, when people can't get 
home insurance, or have inadequate coverage, the consequences can be 
profound.

"That impacts real estate, it impacts construction, it impacts lending. 
It's just ingrained with everything," says David Marlett, managing 
director of the Brantley Risk & Insurance Center at Appalachian State 
University. "Just as a human being, if you want to be able to stay where 
you live or where your job is or where your kids go to school, you want 
to be able to rebuild your house, you have to have a solvent insurance 
company that provides good coverage so that you can rebuild.

*This crisis has been a long time in the making*
American insurers already have a history of cutting back coverage in the 
face of disasters. The first big rupture in the U.S. insurance market 
happened decades ago when most companies stopped covering flooding.

Companies decided flooding was "uninsurable," says Don Hornstein, a 
professor at the University of North Carolina School of Law. That's 
because it's complicated to figure out which places will flood and how 
often those floods will occur. "They didn't have maps or statistical 
basis to calculate what the premiums could be, which is the bread and 
butter of insurance, and partly because, I think, of an intuition — 
probably true — that if they could figure it out, no one would be able 
to afford it."

That led the federal government to create the National Flood Insurance 
Program in 1968, and it now provides the vast majority of residential 
flood insurance in the U.S. The program is backed by taxpayer dollars, 
but it is chronically in debt and is increasingly unaffordable for 
homeowners because it wasn't designed for the enormous climate risk that 
the U.S. now faces.

In the decades since the program's creation, climate change has made 
other types of disasters, like hurricanes and wildfires, more 
unpredictable and expensive too, which is slowly undermining private 
insurance markets state by state.

After Hurricane Andrew caused an estimated $26 billion in damage in 
Florida in 1992, the state's insurance market was "falling apart," 
Marlett says. Some insurers went bankrupt, others pulled back, and the 
price of insurance rose for homeowners.

Thirteen years later, Hurricane Katrina unleashed a home insurance 
meltdown in Louisiana. In both states, private insurance markets never 
fully recovered. That pushed more homeowners to rely on special 
state-run plans that are only available if you can't get home insurance 
any other way. Those state-run insurers of last resort were forced to 
take on billions of dollars in home insurance policies that no private 
company would accept.

A spate of devastating climate-driven hurricanes and wildfires in recent 
years has only exacerbated the problem, causing so much damage that many 
small insurance companies have gone bankrupt, and larger companies have 
continued to pull out of the riskiest areas. Wildfires have caused more 
than $30 billion in insured losses in California since 2017, according 
to the reinsurance company Munich Re.

In Florida, the state's insurer of last resort, known as Citizens 
Property Insurance Corp., expected to do more business in 2023 than it 
did in the previous two decades, mainly due to "continued instability 
within the Florida insurance market" following the devastating damage 
caused by Hurricane Ian last year.

The average price of home insurance has risen by 21% nationwide since 
2015, says George Hosfield, senior director of home insurance at 
LexisNexis Risk Solutions. That comes to hundreds of dollars more for 
the average homeowner's annual premium.

https://www.npr.org/2023/07/22/1186540332/how-climate-change-could-cause-a-home-insurance-meltdown


/
//[ June was the hottest ever for humans on this planet, July is likely 
to also set a record.  ]/
*NASA issues July heat warning as temperatures remain high*
A wave of extreme heat, wildfires, torrential rain and flooding has 
wreaked havoc around the world in recent days.
21 Jul 2023
A prominent NASA climatologist has said this July will probably be the 
world’s hottest month in “hundreds, if not thousands, of years”.

This month has already seen daily records shattered. The trend of 
extreme heat is unmistakable and will likely be reflected in the more 
robust monthly reports issued later by United States agencies, said 
Gavin Schmidt in a NASA briefing with reporters on Thursday.

“We are seeing unprecedented changes all over the world – the heat waves 
that we’re seeing in the US in Europe and in China are demolishing 
records, left, right and centre,” he added.

The effects cannot be attributed solely to the El Nino weather pattern, 
which “has really only just emerged”, he said.
The warning from Schmidt comes as a wave of extreme heat, wildfires, 
torrential rain and flooding wreaked havoc across the world in recent 
days, raising new fears about the pace of climate change.

The World Health Organization (WHO) said the extreme heat was straining 
healthcare systems, hitting older people, infants and children.
*Wildfires, closures in Europe*
On Thursday, Greece said archaeological sites, including the Acropolis, 
will be closed during the hottest hours of the day due to a new heatwave.

The nation is preparing for further high temperatures until Sunday.

As Greece announced the restrictions, firefighters were still battling 
wildfires west of Athens, which have so far burned thousands of hectares.

In Spain, the heat peak has passed but temperatures remained high 
overall on Thursday, with readings above 25 degrees Celsius (77 degrees 
Fahrenheit) recorded at 120 of the 900 stations in the official 
meteorological network.

Temperatures in excess of 35C (95F) were forecast across the southern 
half of the country, leading authorities to warn of “very high to 
extreme” risk of fire.
n the Balkans, a Croatian firefighter was reported to have died during a 
deadly storm that swept the Balkans after a heatwave, bringing the death 
toll to six.

Emergency services in Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Serbia scrambled to 
restore electricity and clear the debris left over after Wednesday’s chaos.

Meteorologists said the storm was extremely powerful as it was formed 
after a string of very hot days.

*Heatwave, floods in Asia*
Temperatures of 35C (95F) and above continued to menace China as parts 
of the country register record temperatures.

Northwestern Xinjiang, where temperatures hit a record high 52.2C (125.9 
F) on Sunday, remained blanketed in worse-than-usual heat while in 
neighbouring Gansu province some areas suffered intense heat while 
others warned of floods and landslides.
Beijing and other cities braced for severe flooding on Friday as summer 
storms rolled across many parts of China, while inland regions baked in 
intense heat, threatening to shrink the country’s biggest freshwater lake.

In India, rescue teams resumed a search on Friday for possible survivors 
of a massive landslide in the western part of the country that killed 16 
people and was suspected to have trapped more than 100.

Thick fog and heavy rain hampered already difficult rescue efforts even 
further on Friday, Indian television news channels said, more than a day 
after the incident occurred at midnight on Thursday.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/21/nasa-issues-july-heat-warning-as-temperatures-remain-high 





/[  Council on Foreign Relations Backgrounder ]/
*China’s Fight Against Climate Change and Environmental Degradation*
China’s carbon emissions threaten global efforts to fight climate 
change. Its broader environmental degradation endangers economic growth, 
public health, and government legitimacy. Are Beijing’s policies enough?
WRITTEN BY Lindsay Maizland
UPDATED May 19, 2021 2:20 pm (EST)

    Summary
    - - China is the world’s top emitter, producing more than a quarter
    of the world’s annual greenhouse gas emissions, which contribute to
    climate change.
    - - It pledged to cut emissions under the Paris Agreement, reduce
    coal use, and invest in renewable energy. But its Belt and Road
    Initiative still finances coal-fired power plants abroad.
    - - Air pollution, water scarcity, and soil contamination remain
    threats to the health and livelihoods of China’s people, increasing
    dissatisfaction with the government...

- -
Is this a threat to the Chinese Communist Party?
CFR’s Huang argues in his book Toxic Politics: China’s Environmental 
Health Crisis and Its Challenge to the Chinese State that pollution and 
environmental degradation are among the “biggest obstacles to China’s 
future economic growth and political stability.” The government’s 
failure to meaningfully address pollution could lead citizens to 
question the legitimacy of China’s leaders and political system, he writes.

Indeed, as public awareness of environmental degradation has increased 
over the past two decades, public dissatisfaction and the number of 
petitions and protests have grown. Citizens have organized hundreds of 
protests, including in the cities of Guangdong, Kunming, Shanghai, and 
Wuhan. In 2013, the number of “abrupt environmental incidents,” 
including protests, rose to 712, a 31 percent jump from the previous 
year. Citizen petitions related to environmental issues increased from 
1.05 million in 2011 to 1.77 million in 2015.

Environmental nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have pushed the 
government to confront problems. Thousands of these groups—domestically 
based but often working with foreign counterparts—have advocated for 
transparency, investigated suspected corruption, and led grassroots 
campaigns. They have had some success, taking advantage of a 2015 law 
that made it easier to file cases against polluters.

But the Chinese Communist Party fears activism could catalyze democratic 
social change, and so has constrained the efforts of organizations, 
activists, and grassroots movements. For example, a 2016 law made it 
harder for international NGOs to work in China. Under Xi, the government 
has shown more resolve to crack down on public dissent, including by 
arresting activists and censoring documentaries and social media commentary.

The government’s inability to curb pollution could damage China’s 
international standing, experts say. “China cannot regain its greatness 
in the world if its people continue to breathe polluted air, drink toxic 
water, and eat tainted food,” writes Huang.
https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/china-climate-change-policies-environmental-degradation



/[ Dave Roberts' energy optimism  - audio   ]/
*Enhanced geothermal power is finally a reality*
A conversation with Fervo CEO Tim Latimer.
David Roberts
Traditional geothermal power, which has been around for over a century, 
exploits naturally occurring fissures underground, pushing water through 
them to gather heat and run a turbine. Unfortunately, those fissures 
only occur naturally in particular geographies, limiting geothermal’s reach.

For decades, engineers and entrepreneurs have dreamed of creating their 
own fissures in the underground rock, which would allow them to drill 
geothermal wells almost anywhere.

These kind of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) have been attempted 
again and again since the 1970s, with no luck getting costs down low 
enough to be competitive. Despite dozens of attempts, there has never 
been a working commercial enhanced geothermal power plant.

Until now.
Last week, the geothermal developer Fervo Energy announced that its 
first full-scale power plant passed its production test phase with 
flying colors. With that, Fervo has, at long last, made it through all 
the various tests and certifications needed to prove out its technology. 
It now has a working, fully licensed power plant, selling electricity on 
the wholesale market, and enough power purchase agreements (PPAs) with 
eager customers to build many more.

EGS is now a real thing — the first new entrant into the power 
production game in many decades.

Here at Volts we are unabashed geothermal nerds, so naturally I was 
excited to discuss this news with Fervo co-founder and CEO Tim Latimer, 
an ex-oil-and-gas engineer who moved into geothermal a decade ago with a 
vision of how to make it work: he would borrow the latest technologies 
from the oil and gas sector. Ten years later, he’s pulled it off.

I talked with Latimer about how EGS works, the current geographical and 
size limitations, how he plans to get his technology on a rapid learning 
curve to bring down costs, the value of clean firm power, the future of 
flexible geothermal, and much more. This is a juicy one.
https://www.volts.wtf/p/enhanced-geothermal-power-is-finally?utm_source=podcast-email%2Csubstack&publication_id=193024&post_id=132922080&utm_medium=email#details



/[ "where can we go?"]/
*’We can’t escape’: climate crisis is driving up cost of living in the 
US west*
Extreme weather, fueled by global heating, is affecting energy, water, 
insurance premiums and food and housing costs

Maanvi Singh in Oakland
@maanvissingh
Fri 21 Jul 2023
Minerva Contreras can’t keep up with the bills.

Recently, after a series of extreme heatwaves in California forced her 
family to run the AC, her monthly electricity costs rose to about $500. 
Her water bill averages around $100, but because the water is 
contaminated with pesticides from nearby agricultural fields, her family 
spends an additional $140 each month to purchase jugs of drinking water. 
Her grocery bills have gone up as well, after a spate of winter storms 
disrupted harvests across the state.

“Practically, about one week’s paycheck goes toward rent, the next 
week’s toward the electrical bill, and the third week’s toward the gas 
and water bills and the remaining for everything else,” said Contreras, 
a farm worker who lives with her husband and two sons in small, 
agricultural town of Lamont. “We just can’t keep up.”

Here, in what is already one of the most expensive states in the US, the 
climate emergency is driving up the cost of living. Extreme weather, 
drought and drastic swings in temperature, all fueled by global heating, 
are affecting utility costs and insurance premiums, exacerbating housing 
shortages and causing food prices to go up.

These issues are echoed throughout the US and the globe, as relentless 
heat and smoke pollution from wildfires push communities across the 
southern US, Europe and Asia to their limits. The health and economic 
impacts of the spate of extreme weather will become clearer in the 
months to come.

But in California, the cost imposed by the disquieting recurrence of 
climate-related disasters that more and more countries are faced with 
have already become untenable for many. Nearly half of the state’s 
residents say they struggle to save money or pay for unexpected 
expenses, according to a recent poll by a consortium of local 
non-profits. Many families are just one fire or flood away from 
financial ruin.

“We don’t see a future here, and it’s a shame we can’t escape either,” 
Contreras said. “Where would we go?”

‘We put up with a lot of heat’
As temperatures in Lamont this week topped 113F (45C), Contreras worried 
about how much her family might have to run the AC. “We are usually very 
careful and try not to,” she said. “We put up with a lot of heat before 
we turn it on.”

Each summer for the past few years, Contreras’s family has fallen behind 
on their electricity bills. Each year, they sign up for repayment plans 
and manage to pay down their arrears by February or March, only to fall 
behind again as the warmer season begins.

Her family is not alone. California residents are increasingly facing 
higher electricity prices, at a time when extreme weather is making 
energy demands go up. Utility rates in the state are already the highest 
in the US, with California’s Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) finding 
that since 2013, rate increases have outpaced inflation.

One major reason is that electricity companies have faced increasing 
wildfire mitigation expenses like clearing vegetation around power lines 
and higher wildfire insurance costs and they have passed the charge on 
to consumers. Meanwhile, utility companies such as PG&E have also been 
allowed to pass on the liability costs of sparking some of the state’s 
most destructive wildfires.

For many households, the price increases mean dire choices, said Michael 
Méndez, assistant professor of environmental planning and policy at the 
University of California, Irvine. A survey by researchers at Columbia 
University found that nearly 30% of households in California kept their 
homes at a temperature that was unhealthy or unsafe to save on energy 
costs. “When you overlay existing social, economic and health 
disparities with climate change and extreme weather, that exacerbates 
inequalities,” Méndez said.

“People are not only facing a rise in costs, but also increased 
variability in costs,” said Alan Barreca, a professor at the Institute 
of the Environment & Sustainability at UCLA.
Barreca and his colleagues have found that for each August day when the 
temperature was 95F or higher, the chance that a low-income family would 
fall behind on bills and have their power disconnected increased by 1.2%.

A new proposal to adjust electricity fees based on their income could 
help, Barreca said. Researchers and advocacy groups have also proposed 
offering adjusted rates and discounted electricity during extreme 
weather events and establishing a rental right to cooling.

High water costs ‘deepening the inequities’
Climate change is taxing the water supply as well as the electrical 
grid. One in eight households across California are behind on their 
water bills, owing about $1bn altogether, as cycles of lengthy drought 
dwindle water supplies. A survey by the state’s water board found that 
households in predominantly Black and Latino neighborhoods were more 
likely to be in arrears.

“With water, the existing system was already not working,” said Rachel 
Cleetus, a climate and energy program director at the Union of Concerned 
Scientists, a science advocacy organization. “And now it’s really 
falling apart in the face of the pressures from climate change.”

Due to a complex and outdated water rights system that in many areas 
favors big agriculture over communities and ageing, ailing 
infrastructure, many of the state’s poor and rural communities have 
struggled to access adequate drinking water, she said. Then, in recent 
years, long stretches of drought have caused shortages and spiked 
prices. Wildfires and a series of catastrophic floods this winter have 
caused further complications, tainting water supplies and damaging 
critical infrastructure.

Contreras and her family, who have lived in Lamont for about 12 years, 
have been informed year after year that the stuff coming out of their 
taps isn’t safe for consumption due to a legacy of pesticide pollution 
seeped in the groundwater system. In other parts of the Central valley, 
chronic overpumping has depleted water, and left homeowners with dry 
wells. Hundreds of families in the San Joaquin valley continue to 
receive water deliveries by truck, despite a winter of record-setting 
precipitation.

“California already has a huge challenge with inequity,” said Cleetus. 
“It has a high poverty rate. There’s already an affordable housing 
crisis in the state. And these kinds of climate risks are just adding an 
additional layer of risk, and deepening the inequities.”

‘Felt really vulnerable about losing my home’
In the small, rural town of Midpines, at the south-western edge of 
Yosemite national park, Beth Pratt says she has seen the climate crisis 
reshape her community. Last year, the explosive Oak Fire burned nearly 
100 homes here.

“In my work as a conservationist, I advocate for wildlife who are 
threatened because of climate change. Now we’re starting to feel that 
same vulnerability,” said Pratt, who is the regional executive director 
of the National Wildlife Federation. “This is the first time I felt 
really vulnerable about losing my home.”

Last month, the state’s largest property insurance companies – Allstate 
and State Farm – announced that they will no longer sell new policies in 
California, citing the growing risk of catastrophes. The news came as 
renters and homeowners across the state were quietly dropped by 
insurance companies, or were facing unaffordable premiums.

This month, not long after Allstate announced it would halt new policies 
in the state, Pratt got notice that the company would not be renewing 
her existing policy.
That was despite the fact that Pratt had spent about $100,000 to harden 
her home against fire. She invested in fire-rated metal siding for the 
house, redid her redwood decks in ember-resistant laminate and metal 
railings. She purchased a 2,500-gallon tank with a fire hose hookup, and 
this year, she spent $10,000 to hire a crew to clear trees and overgrowth.

When the letter from Allstate came, telling her that even all that was 
not enough to keep her home insured, Pratt was flabbergasted. “I mean, 
$100,000 is not something the average person has,” she said. “I don’t 
really have it – on a non-profit salary. I had to refinance my mortgage 
to afford this.”

Most of her neighbors are facing the same issue, she said – they’ve 
either lost their insurance already, or expect to lose it soon. After 
the record-breaking 2020 fire season, the number of Californians who 
were told by their insurer that their policy wouldn’t be renewed 
increased by about 30%.

The only remaining option for Pratt and her neighbors is the state’s 
Fair plan, a limited insurance plan for those who cannot find coverage 
through a private company. It will cost Pratt double what she was paying 
Allstate.

Moving and buying elsewhere isn’t financially feasible – and besides, 
Pratt said, she’s lived in this small community for 25 years. “We can’t 
just move away from the climate crisis.”

‘Everywhere in California is the same’
In fact, many poor and middle-class families are being forced to move to 
areas that are feeling the impact of climate crisis more intensely. “The 
housing affordability crisis in California is pushing people out of 
cities and increasingly out, into locales with a higher risk for extreme 
heat, higher risk for drought and wildfires,” said Méndez.

In the towns of Planada and Pajaro, farm workers without flood insurance 
or access to unemployment aid saw their homes and life savings wiped out 
by floods this winter. Aid from the Federal Emergency Management Agency 
(Fema) wasn’t enough to cover the cost of materials, let alone labour, 
to rebuild.

Agricultural workers in the central coast and Central valley, who 
harvest the bulk of produce grown in the state and in the country, were 
out of work for weeks. Planted fields of summer fruit were wiped out and 
shortages drove up already inflated grocery prices this year.

In Lamont, where daily highs are predicted to remain above 100F (37.7C) 
through the end of the month, the Contreras family has resigned to 
another year of debt. Because it is unsafe to work in the fields after 
11am on most days, Contreras’s husband has had his work hours cut. 
Normally he would pick up extra work in the tangerine or grape fields, 
but the weather has disrupted those harvests as well.

Recently, the family had to sign up for a second repayment plan for 
their electrical bills. “It’s depressing,” Contreras said. “The bills 
just keep accumulating.”
The family thinks about moving, but can’t think of where they could live 
affordably. “Everywhere in California, we see that it’s the same,” she said.
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jul/21/climate-crisis-cost-of-living-energy-water-california



/[ clips from Financial Times Opinion ]/
*What we get wrong when we talk about global warming*
We emphasise the wrong numbers in what is a present reality, not a 
future threat
JOHN BURN-MURDOCH
- -
As climate anxiety grows, the risk that humanity continues to be the 
frog in a slowly boiling pot of water is only exacerbated by the fact 
that we continue to emphasise abstract statistics instead of things that 
people can really see and feel...
- -
Global warming is upon us. For governments and publics alike, our best 
chance of averting an even worse tomorrow is to recognise and respond to 
the damage already done today....
https://www.ft.com/content/de449d0d-0558-48da-90b9-5bb4fe809dab



/[The news archive - looking back at the short political life of a 
truth-teller ]/
/*July 22, 2013 */
July 22, 2013: Rep. Rush Holt (D-NJ), a carbon-tax advocate running for 
the seat left vacant by the passing of Sen. Frank Lautenberg (D-NJ), 
shocks the Washington establishment by bluntly stating that "millions 
will die" if something is not done to address carbon pollution. (Rep. 
Holt would go on to lose the Democratic Senate primary to Newark, NJ 
mayor Cory Booker, who won the seat in the general election.)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_O4nEMAtP4&sns=em

http://www.politifact.com/new-jersey/statements/2013/jul/28/rush-holt/rush-holt-warns-millions-will-die-climate-change-g/


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