[✔️] June 21, 2023- Global Warming News Digest | Held v Montana awaits ruling, CO2 visualized US and Africa, Oreskes "The Big Myth", AOC movie, Solstice, Apocalyptics, 2011 NAS

Richard Pauli Richard at CredoandScreed.com
Wed Jun 21 08:48:09 EDT 2023


/*June*//*21, 2023*/

/[ Groundbreaking youth-led climate trial comes to an end in Montana ]/
*Ruling could take weeks to emerge in trial for Held v Montana, which is 
the first constitutional climate trial in US history *

On Monday, Montana regulators who were called as expert witnesses for 
the defendants said they merely enforce state laws – something Montana 
assistant attorney general Michael Russel echoed in closing arguments on 
Tuesday. “What we heard in the plaintiffs’ case is not justiciable 
controversy, but rather the long airing of political grievances that 
properly belongs in the legislature, not a court of law,” he said.

But Montana’s constitution does not detail the meaning of a “clean and 
healthful” environment, according to testimony last week from Mae Nan 
Ellingson, the youngest delegate to the state’s 1972 constitutional 
convention which enshrined those environmental rights when called as an 
expert witness for the plaintiffs.

“She guaranteed that the courts could tell us how to understand and 
enforce this anticipatory and preventative provision,” Bellinger noted 
in his closing arguments on Tuesday...

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jun/20/held-v-montana-climate-trial-youth-end

- -

/[ It might be "Good Old Boy-ism"  ]/
*Groundbreaking youth-led climate trial comes to an end in Montana**
**Ruling could take weeks to emerge in trial for Held v Montana, which 
is the first constitutional climate trial in US history*
Dharna Noor
Tue 20 Jun 2023
A groundbreaking climate trial came to an early close on Tuesday as 
lawyers on each side presented a very different picture of who can be 
held responsible for the climate crisis.

Attorneys representing the lawsuit’s young challengers said Montana 
officials and agencies must be held accountable for exacerbating the 
crisis, and thereby violating the plaintiffs’ state constitutional 
rights. But the defense argued that climate change is a global problem, 
and that if Montana is contributing to it, plaintiffs should work to 
change that through the legislature.
- -
The trial for Held v Montana began in the state’s first judicial 
district court in the capital city of Helena last week, marking the 
first constitutional climate trial in US history.

A ruling will now follow from Judge Kathy Seeley, who has been hearing 
the case, with expectations that this could take several weeks to emerge.

The case was filed in March 2020 by sixteen young Montana residents, 
then aged two through 18. They allege the state’s government’s 
pro-fossil fuel policies contribute to climate change, and thereby 
violate provisions in the state constitution that guarantee that the 
“state and each person shall maintain and improve a clean and healthful 
environment in Montana for present and future generations”.

“Plaintiffs are asking this court to declare that a stable climate 
system is fundamental to the protection of their rights to clean and 
healthful environment,” said Nate Bellinger, an attorney representing 
the plaintiffs with non-profit law firm Our Children’s Trust, in closing 
arguments on Tuesday.

The lawsuit specifically targets a provision in the Montana 
Environmental Policy Act which prevents the state from considering how 
its energy economy may contribute to climate change. In 2011, the 
legislature amended the law to prevent environmental reviews from 
considering “regional, national or global” environmental impacts – a 
provision the original complaint called the “climate change exception”.

Last month, Montana’s legislature amended the provision to specifically 
ban the state from considering greenhouse gas emissions in environmental 
reviews for new energy projects. The state’s attorneys said that should 
have rendered the lawsuit moot, but Seeley, of the first district court 
in Montanarejected them.

On Monday, Montana regulators who were called as expert witnesses for 
the defendants said they merely enforce state laws – something Montana 
assistant attorney general Michael Russel echoed in closing arguments on 
Tuesday. “What we heard in the plaintiffs’ case is not justiciable 
controversy, but rather the long airing of political grievances that 
properly belongs in the legislature, not a court of law,” he said.

But Montana’s constitution does not detail the meaning of a “clean and 
healthful” environment, according to testimony last week from Mae Nan 
Ellingson, the youngest delegate to the state’s 1972 constitutional 
convention which enshrined those environmental rights when called as an 
expert witness for the plaintiffs.

“She guaranteed that the courts could tell us how to understand and 
enforce this anticipatory and preventative provision,” Bellinger noted 
in his closing arguments on Tuesday.

A favorable verdict for the plaintiffs could have implications for 
Montana’s legislature. Seeley has said in previous court orders that she 
would not directly order officials to create a new approach to 
addressing climate change, but that if the challengers successfully make 
their case, she would issue a “declaratory judgment,” saying officials 
violated the state constitution.

Throughout last week, expert witnesses for the plaintiffs, including 
climate scientists and ecologists, explained that to ensure a stable 
climate system and livable future, the concentration of carbon dioxide 
in the atmosphere must be reduced to no more than 350 parts per million 
by 2100 – something the defendants have not argued against.

“This court should declare 350 parts per million is the constitutional 
standard necessary to protect a stable climate system,” said Bellinger.

Many who packed the courtroom for the closely-watched Held v Montana 
trial have staunchly supported the plaintiffs. The 16 young challengers 
were met by supporters outside the courthouse each day, and on Tuesday, 
when Bellinger wrapped his closing arguments, he was met with cheers.

This support has not gone unnoticed by the defense.

Montana: Youth Climate Lawsuit, Helena, USA - 13 Jun 2023.
‘I’m a prisoner in my own home,’ asthma sufferer, 15, tells landmark US 
climate trial

“This case has received national attention in part because it has been 
billed or at least received as a sort of referendum on climate change 
generally,” said Russel in his closing arguments. “This is not supposed 
to be a town hall meeting or popularity contest; it’s a court of law in 
which basic principles like causation and redress clearly still apply.

He argued that though the defense understands that fossil fuels emit 
greenhouse gases, Montana cannot by itself have an effect on climate change.

“What we heard from every single expert who testified about fossil fuels 
… is that it’s a global issue,” he said

But Bellinger said that doesn’t mean Montana should not be held 
accountable for its role in perpetuating the problem.

“The defendants argue that Montana’s greenhouse gas emissions don’t 
matter, but irrefutable expert testimony affirms that Montana’s 
emissions are substantial,” he added. “Montana’s contribution to 
anthropogenic climate change harms plaintiffs. The impacts of Montana’s 
emissions are both local and immediate as well as global and long lasting.”

In other words, he said, when it comes to planet-warming pollution, 
“every ton matters.”

The trial’s conclusion came unexpectedly early. The plaintiffs and their 
expert witnesses testified over the course of five days last week, but 
the state rested its case after just one.

On Monday, two representatives from the Montana Department of 
Environmental Quality, which is named as a defendant in the complaint, 
testified. The agency’s director, Chris Dorrington, said he “admired” 
the plaintiffs and invited them to apply for jobs in his department.

Before the trial began, he said, he was unfamiliar with the 
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the world’s leading climate body.

Sonja Nowakowski, the state’s air, energy and mining division 
administrator, testified that it is possible to analyze the local 
climate impacts of Montana’s greenhouse gas emissions, but the law 
prohibits doing so for energy permits. Asked if emissions degrade 
Montana’s natural resources, she said she is “not a scientist”.

The state called just one expert witness to the stand on Monday: Terry 
Anderson, a climate economist with ties to the tobacco industry who 
touts the benefits of “free market environmentalism”. During cross 
examination by plaintiffs’ lawyer Phil Gregory, Anderson said he is 
billing the state $500 per hour and that he has “perhaps” worked for 25 
hours or more.

Gregory attacked Anderson’s credibility, citing multiple errors in 
Anderson’s expert report which the economist admitted he was later 
forced to revise. The attorney asked Seeley to strike Anderson’s 
testimony from the record; she refused but said he had “definitely 
raised some questions about the numbers”.

Anderson made additional errors during his Monday testimony, Gregory 
said Tuesday.

The state was originally expected to ask for expert testimony from 
climate-crisis denying climatologist Judith Curry, who has charged the 
state of Montana more than $30,000 for her preparation, DeSmog reported.

Defendants also declined to invite expert testimony from Debra Sheppard, 
a neuropsychologist who said in her deposition that she has no expertise 
in how the climate crisis impacts youth mental health, according to the 
Flathead Beacon.

Similar lawsuits are pending in four other states, and a federal suit, 
Juliana v United States, is also pending. Climate advocates say the Held 
v Montana trial could inspire more litigation.

“The fossil fuel industry should be terrified because fights like this 
are going to pop up across the country as Gen Z and a growing Gen Alpha 
fight to protect their futures from climate disaster,” Varshini Prakash, 
executive director of Sunrise Movement, wrote in an email.
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jun/20/held-v-montana-climate-trial-youth-end



/[  Visualizing our CO2 pollution -- https://youtu.be/zAG3-t-fHbY ] /
*Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Tagged by Source: The Americas*
NASA Scientific Visualization Studio
Jun 7, 2023
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most prevalent greenhouse gas driving global 
climate change. However, its increase in the atmosphere would be even 
more rapid without land and ocean carbon sinks, which collectively 
absorb about half of human emissions every year.  Advanced computer 
modeling techniques in NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office 
allow us to disentangle the influences of sources and sinks and to 
better understand where carbon is coming from and going to.

This visualization shows the CO2 being added to Earth's atmosphere over 
the course of the year 2021, split into four major contributors: fossil 
fuels in orange, burning biomass in red, land ecosystems in green, and 
the ocean in blue. The dots on the surface also show how atmospheric 
carbon dioxide is also being absorbed by land ecosystems in green and 
the ocean in blue.

This view highlighting North America and South America, during the 
growing season plants absorb CO2 through photosynthesis, but release 
much of this carbon through respiration during winter months. Some 
interesting features include fossil fuel emissions from the northeastern 
urban corridor that extends from Washington D.C. to Boston in the United 
States. The fast oscillation over the Amazon rainforest shows the impact 
of plants absorbing carbon while the sun is shining and then releasing 
it during nighttime hours.
For additional details visit the SVS page: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5110

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAG3-t-fHbY

- -

/[ Visualizing CO2 Pollution African continent 
https://youtu.be/Q_93pLMA4pM  ]/
*Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Tagged by Source: Europe, the Middle East, 
and Africa.*
NASA Scientific Visualization Studio
Jun 7, 2023
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most prevalent greenhouse gas driving global 
climate change. However, its increase in the atmosphere would be even 
more rapid without land and ocean carbon sinks, which collectively 
absorb about half of human emissions every year.  Advanced computer 
modeling techniques in NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office 
allow us to disentangle the influences of sources and sinks and to 
better understand where carbon is coming from and going to.

This visualization shows the CO2 being added to Earth's atmosphere over 
the course of the year 2021, split into four major contributors: fossil 
fuels in orange, burning biomass in red, land ecosystems in green, and 
the ocean in blue. The dots on the surface also show how atmospheric 
carbon dioxide is also being absorbed by land ecosystems in green and 
the ocean in blue. Though the land and oceans are each carbon sinks in a 
global sense, individual locations can be sources at different times.

This view highlights Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. European 
fossil fuel emissions are visible as red representing emissions from 
fires over central Africa that are used to clear crop residue. Fires 
represent a much smaller source of CO2 to the atmosphere than fossil 
fuel emissions, but are significant because they can alter the ability 
of an ecosystem to sequester carbon in the future. Scientists are 
carefully monitoring how CO2 emissions from fires are altered by climate 
change, which is bringing longer and more severe fire seasons to many areas.
For additional details visit the SVS page: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5110
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_93pLMA4pM

- -

/[ See more from NASA visualizations ]/
*NASA Scientific Visualization Studio*
/@nasascientificvisualizatio/
NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio (SVS) works closely with 
scientists to create visualizations of NASA data in order to promote a 
greater understanding of Earth and space science research activities at 
NASA and its collaborators. We are creating more and more of our content 
in 4K resolution and are starting to experiment in 360-degree visuals, 
so releasing material through YouTube will allow users greater ease and 
flexibility in using our visualizations.  Starting in 2017, we plan on 
releasing all our new material here as well as on our website, 
https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov .
https://www.youtube.com/@nasascientificvisualizatio5842/featured



/[ an excellent conversation about our predicament ]/
*Naomi Oreskes and Erik Conway Discuss 'The Big Myth'*
The Climate Pod
May 7, 2023
How did Americans come to believe that markets were the answer to 
everything? Why don't people trust the government to efficiently 
allocate resources in a way that creates the greatest good? Who 
orchestrated this century-long con of the American people?

Dr. Naomi Oreskes and Dr. Erik Conway, co-authors of the eye-opening 
book "Merchants of Doubt", join the show to discuss their new book "The 
Big Myth: How American Business Taught Us to Loathe Government and Love 
the Free Market." Our conversation only scratches the surface of 
everything they uncovered while trying to get to the origin of the 
market fundamentalism myth that has dominated American popular culture 
for the last 100 years, and how that myth has led to the climate crisis 
we're facing today.

Be sure to subscribe to The Climate Pod YouTube channel!

Listen to the full episode of The Climate Pod featuring Dr. Naomi 
Oreskes and Dr. Erik Conway here:
      iTunes: https://bit.ly/3mANzij
      Spotify: https://bit.ly/3IXF08J

The Climate Pod is a weekly conversation on the latest climate issues 
with the journalists, activists, academics, and artists at the center of 
the story.
Follow us on social media!

Twitter: https://twitter.com/climatepod
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/climatepod/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/climatepod/
Subscribe to our new Substack newsletter "The Climate Weekly": 
https://theclimateweekly.substack.com/

Website: www.theclimatepod.com
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oFeyOxicyyI



/[ //$5.89 to //see the movie online --  about climate activism and AOC ]/
*To The End | Trailer | Available Now*
Journeyman Pictures
Jun 20, 2023

    Apple TV.
    Amazon.
    Google Play.
    Microsoft.
    Redbox.
    ROW8.
    Vudu.
    YouTube.

Storyline. Stopping the climate crisis is a question of political 
courage, and the clock is ticking. Over three years of turbulence and 
crisis, four young women fight for a Green New Deal, and ignite a 
historic shift in U.S. climate politics.

Over four years of turbulence and crisis, four remarkable young women 
(Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, activist Varshini Prakash, climate 
policy writer Rhiana Gunn-Wright, and political strategist Alexandra 
Rojas) work together to defend their generation's right to a future and 
lead the movement behind the most sweeping climate change legislation in 
U.S. history.

Following four women of colour who are key players in the rise of the 
Green New Deal, a new plan to address climate change, economic justice 
and racial justice.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ojXheqWW_M



[ Next stop is Winter solstice  ]
*Solstice is Wed, Jun 21, 2023 7:57 AM*
America/Los_Angeles



[ Oddly comforting to hear of astronomical risks rather than those we 
can directly blame on humans. ]
*Richard Wilman: Apocalyptic Cosmic Threats and our Post-Apocalyptic 
Future in Space*
Centre for Apocalyptic & Post-Apocalyptic Studies
Richard Wilman: Apocalyptic Cosmic Threats and our Post-Apocalyptic 
Future in Space
CAPAS - Lecture Series Summer 2023
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mgYL__WrOMs&t=478s



/[The news archive - looking back]/
/*June 21, 2011*/
June 21, 2011: NPR reports:

"The American public is less likely to believe in global warming than it 
was just five years ago. Yet, paradoxically, scientists are more 
confident than ever that climate change is real and caused largely by 
human activities.

"Something a bit strange is happening with public opinion and climate 
change.

"Anthony Leiserowitz, who directs the Yale University Project on Climate 
Change Communication, delved into this in a recent poll. He not only 
asked citizens what they thought of climate change, he also asked them 
to estimate how climate scientists feel about global warming.

"'Only 13 percent of Americans got the correct answer, which is that in 
fact about 97 percent of American scientists say that climate change is 
happening, and about a third of Americans just simply say they don't 
know,' he said.

"Most Americans are unaware that the National Academy of Sciences, known 
for its cautious and even-handed reviews of the state of science, is 
firmly on board with climate change. It has been for years."

http://www.npr.org/2011/06/21/137309964/climate-change-public-skeptical-scientists-sure


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