[✔️] March 30, 2022 - Daily Global Warming News Digest
👀 Richard Pauli
richard at theclimate.vote
Wed Mar 30 07:47:34 EDT 2022
/*March 30, 2022*/
/[ Western drought explaind. YouTube video ]/
*The ‘whys’ beyond the ‘what’ of the severe western U.S. drought*
28 March 2022 by greenman3610
from Yale Climate Connections by Peter Sinclair
*Why the worst drought in 1200 years happened ... and will get worse*
Mar 23, 2022
YaleClimateConnections
Scientists say the ongoing drought in the U.S. west involves more
than just a lack of rain. Key to the puzzle: Climate-forced
aridification driven by steadily rising temperatures. No near-term
end in sight as humans continue greenhouse gas emissions.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EO3FPMXswmI
The term “megadrought” is now fully ensconced in the popular vernacular
when it comes to the punishing drought sweeping across much of the
western U.S. over the past 22 years. So too is the figure “1200” as the
number of years it’s been since a more intense 22-year drought. And
experts see slim prospects of the drought’s ending at best before the
end of this decade.
Those are some of the key “what” issues media coverage surfaced since
word of the new research came to light in late February, just as the
“news hole” of major national outlets understandably turned their focus
on the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
But what about the “why” of this persistent drought? This Yale Climate
Connections original video turns its focus to the “why” and “how it’s
happened” questions, shedding light through conversations with a range
of top-notch experts.
Study co-authors UCLA Park Williams of UCLA and Jason Smerdon of
Columbia University say, respectively:
Over the past 22 years, 18 have been drier than usual, only four wetter; and
Two really dry years in 2020 and 2021 put those 22 years over the top of
any such period back to the period of Charlemagne and the Roman Empire
in 850 CE. No other 22-year period is “cumulatively as dry,” Smerdon says.
What stands out in the ongoing drought, according to NASA scientist Ben
Cook, also a co-author with Williams and Smerdon, is “the intensity over
a large spatial scale…partially because of climate change.” On top of
the natural deficits in natural precipitation is “quite a bit of
warming” caused by human emissions.
As a result, the droughts “are more temperature-driven,” explains
Colorado Deputy State Climatologist Becky Bolinger.
Smerdon says that while the current drought “would have been bad, it
would have happened” even in the absence of humans,”human-caused warming
has made it about 42% more severe than it otherwise would be.
Scientists Scott Denning of Colorado State University, Samantha
Stevenson of U.C. Santa Barbara, and Julia Cole of the University of
Michigan each provide further details affirming those points.
“It doesn’t even make sense to call it a drought,” Stevenson says,
because “that implies that the drought will somehow end, and it will
come back to normal.”
In the western U.S., “we’re already in a megadrought that is not going
to end at any time in the 21st Century,” Stevenson says, “and that’s
just because of climate change.”
https://yaleclimateconnections.org/2022/03/the-whys-beyond-the-what-of-the-severe-western-u-s-drought/
/[ IPCC video report ]
/*IPCC Press Conference - Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation &
Vulnerability*
live on Feb 28, 2022
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, the Working
Group II contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpK7eeYRhjQ
/[ NYTimes chilling report ]/
*With Eyes on Russia, the U.S. Military Prepares for an Arctic Future*
As climate change opens up the Arctic for transit and exploration,
Russia has increasingly militarized the region. The U.S. is preparing a
more aggressive presence of its own.
Mike Baker -- March 27, 2022...
- -
Two years ago, Moscow brought its own war games barreling through the
Bering Sea, with Russian commanders testing weapons and demanding that
American fishing boats operating in U.S. fishing waters get out of the
way — an order the U.S. Coast Guard advised them to comply with. Russia
has repeatedly sent military aircraft to the edge of U.S. airspace,
leading U.S. jets to scramble to intercept them and warn them away.
This month, in response to escalating international sanctions against
Russia, a member of the Russian parliament demanded that Alaska,
purchased by the United States from Russia in 1867, be returned to
Russian control — a possibly rhetorical gesture that nonetheless
reflected the deteriorating relationship between the two world powers.
For centuries, the vast waters of the offshore Arctic were largely a no
man’s land locked in by ice whose exact territorial boundaries — claimed
by the United States, Russia, Canada, Norway, Denmark and Iceland —
remained unsettled. But as melting sea ice has opened new shipping
pathways and as nations have eyed the vast hydrocarbon and mineral
reserves below the Arctic sea floor, the complicated treaties, claims
and boundary zones that govern the region have been opened to fresh
disputes.
Canada and the United States have never reached agreement on the status
of the Northwest Passage between the North Atlantic and the Beaufort
Sea. China, too, has been working to establish a foothold, declaring
itself a “near-Arctic state” and partnering with Russia to promote
“sustainable” development and expanded use of Arctic trade routes.
Russia has made it clear it intends to control the so-called Northern
Sea Route off its northern shore, a route that significantly shortens
the shipping distance between China and Northern Europe. U.S. officials
have complained that Russia is illegally demanding that other nations
seek permission to pass and threatening to use military force to sink
vessels that do not comply.
“We are stuck with a pretty tense situation there,” said Troy Bouffard,
director of the Center of Arctic Security and Resilience at the
University of Alaska Fairbanks. “Either we acquiesce to Russia, to their
extreme control of surface waters, or we elevate or escalate the issue.”
The focus in recent years had been to expand diplomatic channels,
collaborating on a range of regional challenges through the Arctic
Council. That work was put on pause, however, after Russia invaded Ukraine.
In Nome, which hopes to position itself as a maritime gateway to the Far
North, there has long been evidence that a new era for the Arctic was
arriving. Mayor John Handeland said winter sea ice that once persisted
until mid-June may now be gone by early May and does not reappear before
Thanksgiving...
- -
“I think that our people realize that our military needs to protect our
country and our military does need to invest in a presence in the
Arctic,” Ms. Kitka said. “But it has got to be done smart.”
Dan Sullivan, Alaska’s junior Republican U.S. senator, said that while
there may be little threat of a Russian invasion of Alaska, there is
concern about Russia’s military buildup in the region.
“Ukraine just demonstrates even more, what matters to these guys is
presence and power,” Mr. Sullivan said. “And when you start to build
ports, when you start to bring up icebreakers, when you start to bring
up Navy shipping, when you have over 100 fifth-gen fighters in the
Arctic in Alaska, we’re starting to now talk Putin’s language.”
Alaska is already one of the nation’s most militarized states, with more
than 20,000 active-duty personnel assigned to places such as Eielson Air
Force Base and Fort Wainwright in the Fairbanks area, Joint Base
Elmendorf-Richardson in Anchorage, and Coast Guard Air Station Kodiak.
The Army’s large training exercise — the first Combat Training Center
rotation to be held in Alaska — took place around Fort Greely, about 100
miles southeast of Fairbanks. Alaska is also home to critical parts of
the nation’s missile-defense system.
Mr. Bouffard said the fracture in relations caused by Russia’s invasion
of Ukraine could open the door to a variety of future problems that can
only be guessed at right now. While there is no imminent conflict in the
Arctic, there could well be friction over how Russia manages offshore
waters or disputes over undersea exploration. The United States also
needs to be prepared to aid northern European allies that share an
uncertain future with Russia in Arctic waterways, he said.
That will mean being prepared for a range of potential problems. In a
separate Alaska military exercise in recent weeks, teams from the
Marines and the Army practiced cold-weather strategies for containing
chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear contamination...
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/27/us/army-alaska-arctic-russia.html
/[ Washington Post gives us a dramatic moment ] /
*Two stark reminders about the political challenge of tackling climate
change*
By Philip Bump 3-28-2022
National correspondent
There was an unappreciated irony to the placard that graced the lectern
from which former president Donald Trump spoke over the weekend. “Save
America,” it said, reflecting Trump’s preferred descriptor for the
threat the country faces should it fail to acquiesce to his whims. But
it was from behind this apocalyptic imperative that Trump laughed off an
actual threat the country faces.
Well, not “laughed off,” really.
Trump claimed we were at the “single most dangerous time for our country
in history” thanks to the threat of nuclear weapons, somewhat
downplaying decades in which the exact same threat lingered.
“And yet you have people like John Kerry worrying about the climate! The
climate!” Trump continued. “Oh, I heard that the other day. Here we are,
[Russian President Vladimir Putin is] threatening us [and] he’s worried
about the ocean will rise one-hundredth of one percent over the next 300
f----n’ years.”
The crowd, pleasantly surprised by the vulgarity, cheered loudly.
In reality, of course, the risk of sea-level rise related to climate
change is far more dire than what Trump presents. The increase in sea
levels — largely driven by melting glaciers on land and expansion due to
warmer water — is not measured in percentage-point increases, since that
makes little sense given the ocean’s depth. Instead, projections are
measured in meters or feet over less than a century, a rapid, large
increase that poses a particular risk because of how close humans around
the world live to the ocean. Trump’s private business recognizes the
risk; his golf course in Ireland cited climate change in a permit
application to build a sea wall.
But Trump recognizes the political value in pretending that it’s all a
big joke, that this risk to America and Americans is a punchline about
crazy leftists. That’s because his core political instinct is to play to
the most reactionary part of the Republican base, and that part of the
Republican base indeed sees climate change as a nonissue.
The Yale Program on Climate Change Communication has polled Americans on
climate issues for more than a decade. Over that time, a wide partisan
gulf has opened on significant issues, in large part because liberal
Democrats have grown more concerned about and aware of climate issues
while conservative Republicans have not changed their views...
A lot of parallels have been drawn between climate change and the
coronavirus pandemic over the past two years, many overwrought. But
here, as with the virus, many of the most Trump-adjacent Americans see
the whole thing as contrived ridiculousness. Partisanship and
anti-elitism lead to treating climate change as a punchline.
That’s a seemingly intractable part of the slow pace of the country’s
shift toward addressing the need to curtail greenhouse gas emissions.
The day after Trump’s rally, though, the country was reminded of
another, intertwined factor: economics.
Since January 2021, Democrats have controlled the White House and both
chambers of Congress. That has allowed them, within the wonky
constraints of Senate rules, to pass several pieces of legislation
representing the party’s achievable denominator of policies. A large
bill focused on infrastructure included components that will address
climate change, in part by bolstering protections against its effects.
But a more robust response to climate change has not been passed despite
the Democratic majority thanks in large part to opposition from within
the party. Specifically, thanks to Sen. Joe Manchin III (D-W.Va.).
Manchin’s career in the federal government began with an explicit
rejection of climate-change legislation. Many Americans first learned
about him thanks to a campaign ad in which he literally shot at a bill
that would create a marketplace aimed at limiting greenhouse gas
emissions. As then-governor of West Virginia, one of the country’s
largest coal-producing states, this was not surprising rhetoric, even if
it was a surprising visual.
Since then, though, his party has moved left on climate change — and his
state has grown less reliant on coal mining as a source of employment.
In part, that’s because the amount of coal extracted each year as a
function of employees has increased, meaning that fewer workers can
produce the same amount of coal. That’s beneficial to coal companies, if
not coal miners.
Which brings us to the New York Times’s look at Manchin’s ties to the
industry, published Sunday. It explains how Manchin several decades ago
helped clear administrative hurdles for a power plant in Grant Town,
W.Va. — and then began selling the plant a type of coal (called “gob”)
to burn.
“He created his business while a state lawmaker in anticipation of the
Grant Town plant, which has been the sole customer for his gob for the
past 20 years, according to federal data,” the Times’s Christopher
Flavelle and Julie Tate report. “At key moments over the years, Mr.
Manchin used his political influence to benefit the plant. He urged a
state official to approve its air pollution permit, pushed fellow
lawmakers to support a tax credit that helped the plant, and worked
behind the scenes to facilitate a rate increase that drove up revenue
for the plant — and electricity costs for West Virginians.”
Manchin is not a climate-change denier of the sort who might have
cheered Trump’s vulgar dismissal of the issue. Instead, he’s what a
prominent climate scientist described to E&E News as a “delayist,”
someone who urges a slow response to climate change rather than a more
rapid one. It’s a favored political tactic for those closer to the
political middle from both parties, getting to tell people that you hear
their concerns but that you also worry about moving too quickly in response.
What’s driven much of the country’s response to climate change from the
outset has been the massive economic strength of the fossil-fuel
industry. When scientists first realized that releasing carbon-dioxide
into the atmosphere risked warming the planet — something the
fossil-fuel industry itself has recognized for decades — the industry
moved quickly to raise questions about the idea that the planet was
warming. (The effort has been compared to the effort to downplay the
lung cancer risks of cigarettes.) In recent years, it, too, has shifted
in a Manchin-y direction, often acknowledging the change while offering
baby-step responses to the problem.
The overlap between where Manchin is and where Trump is comes from that
initial push to raise questions about the science. Soon after Al Gore’s
“An Inconvenient Truth” drew international attention to the problem,
both Democrats and Republicans (including former House speaker Newt
Gingrich and the party’s 2008 presidential nominee, Sen. John S. McCain)
embraced a robust response. Thanks in part to fervent advocacy from
fossil-fuel companies against legislation and the increase in partisan
polarization that occurred soon after Barack Obama was elected, tackling
climate change became anathema to Republicans. By the fall of 2010, red
state Democrat Joe Manchin III was running against the Environmental
Protection Agency and climate legislation.
In one weekend more than a decade later, we see the effects of climate
change’s injection into the national political conversation. A
Democratic Party dependent on Manchin’s vote; Manchin with deep cultural
and economic reasons not to shift away from coal. And on the other side,
a baseline assumption that climate change is ridiculous, as ridiculous
as wearing a high-quality mask to prevent the spread of an airborne virus.
And here we are.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/03/28/two-stark-reminders-about-political-challenge-tackling-climate-change/
/[ Book review "The Best of Times, the Worst of Times"] /
*Paul Behrens | Population, Consumption & Climate Change*
Nick Breeze ClimateGenn
In this episode of ClimateGenn I am speaking to Dr Paul Behrens about
the complexity of population, consumption and climate change. Visit:
https://genn.cc + https://patreon.com/genncc
In his book, ‘The Best of Times, The Worst of Times’ Paul addresses
population, presenting both a pessimistic potential outcome, and also a
more hopeful outcome based on a set of choices that we, especially those
of us in wealthier high emitting countries, can make to improve the
chances for a better future.
One big barrier to a better future is the growing narrative that stokes
fears about migration. The propagating of these myths falls under the
title of econativism, a term that Paul both defines and discusses in
some detail.
Population and migration are critical and controversial issues and when
placed in the context of continually rising emissions and consequent
impacts, they stress the need for reflection on how we value our own
life and the lives of all those around us.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gIZeL_fjCIY
/[ Book review from 2006 video of old CSPAN ]/
*How Corporations and Governments Addicted the World to Oil and Derailed
the Alternatives (2006)*
posted March 29, 2022
The Film Archives
Read the book:
https://www.amazon.com/Internal-Combustion-Corporations-Governments-Alternatives/dp/B08YS5F65Y/ref=sr_1_1
Frederic Latta Smith (February 6, 1870 – August 6, 1954) was a pioneer
of the automobile business. He was one of the founders of the Olds Motor
Works in 1899 and of General Motors Corporation in 1908. He was also the
president of the Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers in its
early years.
In 1892, Smith became employed as an agent for land interests in
Michigan's Upper Peninsula. As of 1897, he maintained his office at 1013
Woodward Avenue in Detroit.
In August 1897, Ransom E. Olds, founded the Olds Motor Vehicle Company
in Lansing, Michigan. In 1899, Smith was one of the founders of the new
Olds Motor Works.[2] Smith together with his father and Henry Russel
provided the financial backing for the new venture,[3] which was moved
from Lansing to Detroit. Smith's father became the company's president,
with Ransom Olds as general manager and Frederic Smith as secretary and
treasurer.
In 1901, the Olds Motor Works released the Curved Dash Oldsmobile. It
was this car, rather than Henry Ford's Model T, that was the first
mass-produced, low-priced American motor vehicle.[4] In 1901, a fire
destroyed the company's factory, and a new factory was quickly built to
replace it.
In 1902, Frederic Smith took charge of the newly built Olds Motor Works
factory. He gave responsibility for sales to Roy Chapin, another
promising young automotive pioneer from Lansing. Chapin led the way in
developing a network of sales franchises for Olds around the country. At
one point, Chapin's mother wrote to Frederic Smith and complained that
her son had been given too many responsibilities for too little pay.
Smith responded by telling Mrs. Chapin that her son was "the brightest
and most promising of all the young managers at Olds."[5]
In the infancy of the automobile industry in Detroit, the carmakers
formed the Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers ("ALAM"), an
organization that one historian has called "a monopolistic combine."[6]
The members pooled their patent rights (including the Selden patent) and
used their "patent pool" to permit or deny the right to manufacture
petroleum-based automobiles.[7] Frederic Smith became the president of
ALAM and in 1903 sought to use the power of ALAM to try to deny Henry
Ford membership in the organization. A special subcommittee with Smith
as its sole member was formed to review Ford's admission to ALAM. Ford's
plan to assemble one inexpensive model at a low price point was a threat
to Olds' low-end vehicles. Accordingly, Smith told Ford that he must
"dismantle, disband, and depart Detroit."[8] In a personal meeting with
Ford, Smith told him to "abandon all hope of becoming an automobile
manufacturer." The confrontation led to years of litigation between Ford
and ALAM.
Frederic Smith and Ransom Olds clashed frequently. In 1903, Smith
removed Olds from the position of general manager and took the position
for himself.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederic_L._Smith
The General Motors streetcar conspiracy refers to convictions of General
Motors (GM) and other companies that were involved in monopolizing the
sale of buses and supplies to National City Lines (NCL) and its
subsidiaries, and to allegations that the defendants conspired to own or
control transit systems, in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman
Antitrust Act. The suit created lingering suspicions that the defendants
had in fact plotted to dismantle streetcar systems in many cities in the
United States as an attempt to monopolize surface transportation.
Between 1938 and 1950, National City Lines and its subsidiaries,
American City Lines and Pacific City Lines—with investment from GM,
Firestone Tire, Standard Oil of California (through a subsidiary),
Federal Engineering, Phillips Petroleum, and Mack Trucks—gained control
of additional transit systems in about 25 cities.[a] Systems included
St. Louis, Baltimore, Los Angeles, and Oakland. NCL often converted
streetcars to bus operations in that period, although electric traction
was preserved or expanded in some locations. Other systems, such as San
Diego's, were converted by outgrowths of the City Lines. Most of the
companies involved were convicted in 1949 of conspiracy to monopolize
interstate commerce in the sale of buses, fuel, and supplies to NCL
subsidiaries, but were acquitted of conspiring to monopolize the transit
industry.
The story as an urban legend has been written about by Martha Bianco,
Scott Bottles, Sy Adler, Jonathan Richmond, Cliff Slater and Robert
Post. It has been explored several times in print, film, and other
media, notably in Who Framed Roger Rabbit, Taken for a Ride, Internal
Combustion, and The End of Suburbia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_streetcar_conspiracy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cHLjfrAbLw
/[ What if, what if... video ] /*
****What Will Happen If The Permafrost Melts?*
Planet Zero
In the last two centuries, the world has seen unprecedented rises in
global temperature. This warming threatens the stability of a number of
climate systems, one of which being permafrost cover. As this land thaws
and melts, it has the potential to release carbon into the atmosphere,
speeding up the melting process. If this warming goes unchecked for too
long, there is a chance that this system could cross its tipping point,
releasing more carbon dioxide to further melt more permafrost. These
tipping points are why swift emissions reductions are necessary today,
to stop permafrost, or any other climate systems, from going over a
slippery slope.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
References:
[1] T. Zhang, R. G. Barry, K. Knowles, J. A. Heginbottom & J. Brown
(2008) Statistics and characteristics of permafrost and ground-ice
distribution in the Northern Hemisphere, Polar Geography, 31:1-2, 47-68,
DOI: 10.1080/10889370802175895
[2] Chadburn, S., Burke, E., Cox, P. et al. An observation-based
constraint on permafrost loss as a function of global warming. Nature
Clim Change 7, 340–344 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3262
[3] https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer...
[4] Ruppel, C. D. (2011) Methane Hydrates and Contemporary Climate
Change. Nature Education Knowledge 3(10):29
[5] https://climatetippingpoints.info/201...
[6] Ruppel, C. D., and Kessler, J. D. (2017), The interaction of climate
change and methane hydrates, Rev. Geophys., 55, 126- 168,
doi:10.1002/2016RG000534.
[7] Hjort, J., Karjalainen, O., Aalto, J. et al. Degrading permafrost
puts Arctic infrastructure at risk by mid-century. Nat Commun 9, 5147
(2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DO-ezNc0ReA
- -
[ ABC is Australian ]
*Siberia's rapidly melting permafrost is changing the landscape*
Siberia's rapidly melting permafrost is changing the landscape
Oct 25, 2021
ABC News
ABC News' Patrick Reevell reports on the melting permafrost in some
parts of Russia that's putting roads and buildings at risk of collapse,
and may contribute to more greenhouse gases.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okx-OzFpNlA
/[The news archive - looking back at a moment of Chris Christie and the
Kochs ]/
*March 30, 2015*
The Washington Post connects the dots between New Jersey Governor Chris
Christie's ties to the Koch brothers and his state's abandonment of
clean-energy efforts.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/wind-power-or-hot-air-foes-question-christies-shift-on-clean-energy/2015/03/29/f8faf97e-d3e3-11e4-a62f-ee745911a4ff_story.html
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