[✔️] May 10, 2023- Global Warming News Digest | wet bulb, Ice melting, melt rates, Book review El Nino, read aloud, Interview, Cheney energy task force

[Richard Pauli]

/*May*//*10, 2023*/

/[ danger of high Wet Bulb temperatures -- 10 min video 
https://youtu.be/vqBrL8BokSk ]/
*Too HOT and HUMID to Live: Extreme Wet Bulb Events Are on the Rise*
PBS Terra
May 9, 2023
As climate change continues warming the planet, a new and invisible 
killer is emerging: extreme wet bulb temperatures. This refers to a 
potentially lethal combination of heat and humidity that, until now, 
have appeared somewhat infrequently around the world. But models predict 
that they are likely to become an increasingly big problem in the coming 
years.

In this episode we explore the intersection between climate science and 
meteorology to tell you where in the world is most at risk of these 
increasingly dangerous conditions.

Weathered is a show hosted by weather expert Maiya May and produced by 
Balance Media that helps explain the most common natural disasters, what 
causes them, how they’re changing, and what we can do to prepare.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqBrL8BokSk



/[ water flows below and around  ] /
*Greenland glacier discovery shows sea level projections are too low*
Andrew Freedman, author of Axios Generate

*Scientists may be significantly* underestimating the amount of melting 
yet to come from glaciers that end in the sea, according to a new study.

*Why it matters: *The study reveals that seawater is intruding deep into 
northwest Greenland's Petermann Glacier, thinning the ice from below.

    -- Petermann acts like a doorstop, holding back vast quantities of
    land-based ice. As the glacier thins, inland ice moves faster into
    the ocean, raising global sea levels.
    -- If all that inland ice were to melt, it would raise global sea
    levels by about 1.6 feet, the study found.

*Zoom in: *The researchers used satellite radar data from three 
different spacecraft constellations to obtain precise readings of the 
glacier's height and vertical motion.

    -- They found that seawater, which is slightly above freezing there,
    is moving inland along the grounding line, which is where the
    glacier transitions from resting on bedrock to a floating ice shelf.
    -- Most computer models used to project ice melt from
    marine-terminating glaciers like Petermann assume that little to no
    melting occurs at the grounding line, study coauthor Eric Rignot of
    NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and University of California,
    Irvine told Axios via email.

*Threat level:* The glacier is rising and falling with the tides, as 
water flushes underneath it and penetrates more than a mile inland 
multiple times per day, the study found.

    --This finding surprised Rignot, particularly how far inland the
    relatively warm ocean waters are moving.

https://www.axios.com/2023/05/09/northwest-greenland-petermann-glacier-sea-level

- -

/[ Much more that 
expected....https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2220924120  ]/
*Melt rates in the kilometer-size grounding zone of Petermann Glacier, 
Greenland, before and during a retreat*
Enrico Ciracì,  Eric Rignot, Bernd Scheuchl, and Luigi Dini
Contributed by Eric Rignot; received December 8, 2022; accepted March 
30, 2023;
May 8, 2023
120 (20) e2220924120

https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2220924120
*Significance*

    We present a record of glacier ice dynamics and ice melt rate at the
    boundary between grounded ice and ocean—or grounding line—of
    Petermann Glacier, a major outlet glacier in Northwest Greenland.
    The traditional view of grounding lines implemented in ice sheet
    models in charge of projecting sea level rise is that they not
    migrate during the tidal cycle and experiences no ice melt. Instead,
    the satellite record reveals kilometer-size grounding line
    migrations—or grounding zones—with preferential intrusions along
    preexisting subglacial channels. The highest melt rates of ice are
    recorded within the grounding zone. Vigorous ice-ocean interaction
    in kilometer-wide grounding zone will make projections of sea level
    rise from glaciers potentially double.

*Abstract*

    Warming of the ocean waters surrounding Greenland plays a major role
    in driving glacier retreat and the contribution of glaciers to sea
    level rise. The melt rate at the junction of the ocean with grounded
    ice—or grounding line—is, however, not well known. Here, we employ a
    time series of satellite radar interferometry data from the German
    TanDEM-X mission, the Italian COSMO-SkyMed constellation, and the
    Finnish ICEYE constellation to document the grounding line migration
    and basal melt rates of Petermann Glacier, a major marine-based
    glacier of Northwest Greenland. We find that the grounding line
    migrates at tidal frequencies over a kilometer-wide (2 to 6 km)
    grounding zone, which is one order of magnitude larger than expected
    for grounding lines on a rigid bed. The highest ice shelf melt rates
    are recorded within the grounding zone with values from 60 ± 13 to
    80 ± 15 m/y along laterally confined channels. As the grounding line
    retreated by 3.8 km in 2016 to 2022, it carved a cavity about 204 m
    in height where melt rates increased from 40 ± 11 m/y in 2016 to
    2019 to 60 ± 15 m/y in 2020 to 2021. In 2022, the cavity remained
    open during the entire tidal cycle. Such high melt rates
    concentrated in kilometer-wide grounding zones contrast with the
    traditional plume model of grounding line melt which predicts zero
    melt. High rates of simulated basal melting in grounded glacier ice
    in numerical models will increase the glacier sensitivity to ocean
    warming and potentially double projections of sea level rise.

https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2220924120



/[ NYT book review.   This will be an El Nino  year. ]/
Apocalypse Then
*The little-known story of drought, famine and pestilence that killed 
millions at the turn of the last century.*
Related Link
First Chapter: 'Late Victorian Holocausts'
By AMARTYA SEN

The subject of this gripping book is a series of famines that devastated 
many countries in Asia, North Africa and Latin America in the last 
quarter of the 19th century. Mike Davis estimates that between 32 and 61 
million people died from these famines in China, India and Brazil, and 
there were many other countries in the tropics that were also badly hit. 
There is plausibility in the description on the dust jacket of Davis's 
book ''Late Victorian Holocausts'' that these disasters were ''the 
greatest human tragedy since the Black Death.''

What exactly happened? Were climatic factors responsible? They certainly 
had a role, Davis shows. The droughts associated with the ''El 
Niño-Southern Oscillation'' led to a chain of large-scale agricultural 
crises in the tropics and in northern China, and these directly 
contributed to the disasters. Yet, despite the adversity of nature, it 
is quite clear that starvation and famine could have been prevented 
through counteracting economic and social policies...
- -
Davis has given us a book of substantial contemporary relevance as well 
as great historical interest. To seize the broader implications of this 
grisly history of needless suffering and unnecessary misery, it is 
useful to distinguish clearly between two different ways in which an 
agricultural disaster like a drought or flood can cause economic 
difficulty. A drought or flood may destroy crops. But it also devastates 
people's incomes by slashing agricultural employment and wages. And it 
can destroy the markets for the modest goods and services (from haircuts 
to craft products) by which a great many other people earn their 
livings. The economic adversity caused by droughts or floods far exceeds 
their direct impact on the food supply...
- -
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation, known by its acronym ENSO, continues 
today with varying intensity. While it is important to understand the 
climatic patterns of El Niño and other serious natural hazards better, 
it is also critical not to see them as inescapable causes of famine and 
devastation. ''The power of ENSO events,'' Davis points out, ''indeed 
seems so overwhelming in some instances that it is tempting to assert 
that great famines, like those of the 1870's and 1890's (or, more 
recently, the Sahelian disaster of the 1970's), were 'caused' by El 
Niño, or by El Niño acting upon traditional agrarian misery. This 
interpretation, of course, inadvertently echoes the official line of the 
British in Victorian India as recapitulated in every famine commission 
report and viceregal allocution: millions were killed by extreme 
weather, not imperialism.''

Davis has given us a book of substantial contemporary relevance as well 
as great historical interest. To seize the broader implications of this 
grisly history of needless suffering and unnecessary misery, it is 
useful to distinguish clearly between two different ways in which an 
agricultural disaster like a drought or flood can cause economic 
difficulty. A drought or flood may destroy crops. But it also devastates 
people's incomes by slashing agricultural employment and wages. And it 
can destroy the markets for the modest goods and services (from haircuts 
to craft products) by which a great many other people earn their 
livings. The economic adversity caused by droughts or floods far exceeds 
their direct impact on the food supply.
https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/01/02/18/reviews/010218.18senlt.html?_r=l

- -

/[ Book reading ]/
*Late Victorian Holocausts El Nino Famines and the Making of the Third 
World PT 1 Mike Davis*
Christie Malry Audiobooks
Jan 5, 2023
for further reading go to https://www.marxists.org/ and 
https://theanarchistlibrary.org/speci...
and https://libcom.org
and https://weeklyworker.co.uk
and https://revolutionarypapers.org
and for all books https://www.pdfdrive.com
and for scientific papers https://sci-hub.st/
and also https://www.patreon.com/ChristieMalry
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fhn-XOpZ-10

- -

/[ Interview with Mike Davis author of //Late Victorian Holocausts: El 
Nino Famines and the Making of the Third World //]/
*Mike Davis political activist, urban and historical theorist, Marxist 
American writer*
Geography Video
Jul 18, 2012
Mike Davis (born 1946) is an American Marxist writer, political 
activist, urban theorist, and historian. He is best known for his 
investigations of power and social class in his native Southern 
California. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Davis...)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2V2ceD_K_VY



/[The news archive - looking back at when the courts protected a 
political conspiracy ]/
/*May 10, 2005*/
May 10, 2005: The US Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of 
Columbia rules that the White House does not have to disclose 
information regarding the infamous 2001 Cheney Energy Task Force.

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/10/politics/10cnd-cheney.html?_r=0

http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4647599

http://www.boston.com/news/nation/washington/articles/2005/05/11/court_backs_cheney_on_energy_meetings/


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