[✔️] April 3, 2024 Global Warming News | Inventing shade, 40 million lightning strikes, Solar farming, Hope in Hell, 1980 Walter

[Richard Pauli]

/*April *//*3, 2024*/

/[ Techno-fides - or faith in technology  BUYING TIME - from NYTimes]/
*Warming Is Getting Worse. So They Just Tested a Way to Deflect the Sun.*
- -
Brightening clouds is one of several ideas to push solar energy back 
into space — sometimes called solar radiation modification, solar 
geoengineering, or climate intervention. Compared with other options, 
such as injecting aerosols into the stratosphere, marine cloud 
brightening would be localized and use relatively benign sea salt 
aerosols as opposed to other chemicals...
And yet, the idea of interfering with nature is so contentious, 
organizers of Tuesday’s test kept the details tightly held, concerned 
that critics would try to stop them. Although the Biden administration 
is funding research into different climate interventions, including 
marine cloud brightening, the White House distanced itself from the 
California study, sending a statement to The New York Times that read: 
“The U.S. government is not involved in the Solar Radiation Modification 
(SRM) experiment taking place in Alameda, CA, or anywhere else.”

David Santillo, a senior scientist at Greenpeace International, is 
deeply skeptical of proposals to modify solar radiation. If marine cloud 
brightening were used at a scale that could cool the planet, the 
consequences would be hard to predict, or even to measure, he said.

“You could well be changing climactic patterns, not just over the sea, 
but over land as well,” he said. “This is a scary vision of the future 
that we should try and avoid at all costs.”
- -
Karen Orenstein, director of the Climate and Energy Justice Program at 
Friends of the Earth U.S., a nonprofit environmental group, called solar 
radiation modification “an extraordinarily dangerous distraction.” She 
said the best way to address climate change would be to quickly pivot 
away from burning fossil fuels.
- -
Dr. Latham later attributed his idea to a hike with his son in Wales, 
where they paused to look at clouds over the Irish Sea.

“He asked why clouds were shiny at the top but dark at the bottom,” Dr. 
Latham told the BBC in 2007. “I explained how they were mirrors for 
incoming sunlight.”

Dr. Latham had a proposal that may have seemed bizarre: create a fleet 
of 1,000 unmanned, sail-powered vessels to traverse the world’s oceans 
and continuously spray tiny droplets of seawater into the air to deflect 
solar heat away from Earth.

The idea is built on a scientific concept called the Twomey effect: 
Large numbers of small droplets reflect more sunlight than small numbers 
of large droplets. Injecting vast quantities of minuscule aerosols, in 
turn forming many small droplets, could change the composition of clouds.
- -
Dr. Wood estimated that scientists could need another decade of tests 
before they were in a position to potentially use marine cloud 
brightening at the scale required to cool the Earth.

Ms. Wanser is already looking ahead to the next phase of that research. 
“The next step is go out to the ocean,” she said, “aim up the spray a 
little higher, and touch clouds.”

https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/climate/global-warming-clouds-solar-geoengineering.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/02/climate/global-warming-clouds-solar-geoengineering.html?ugrp=c&unlocked_article_code=1.hk0.pqSu.1wRmMImScX8G&smid=url-share



/[ natural ways that wildfires start ]/
*How Much Lightning Actually Strikes the United States?*
Chris Vagasky, Ronald L. Holle, Martin J. Murphy, John A. Cramer, Ryan 
K. Said, Mitchell Guthrie, and Jesse Hietanen
Online Publication: 02 Apr 2024

    *Abstract*
    The number of cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes over the contiguous
    United States (CONUS) has been estimated to be from as small as 25
    million per year to as many as 40 million. In addition, many CG
    flashes contact the ground in more than one place. To clarify these
    values, recent data from the National Lightning Detection Network
    (NLDN) have been examined since the network is performing well
    enough to make precise updates to the number of CG flashes and their
    associated ground contact points. The average number of CG flashes
    is calculated to be about 23.4 million per year over the CONUS, and
    the average number of ground contact points is calculated as 36.8
    million per year. Knowledge of these two parameters is critical to
    lightning protection standards, as well as better understanding of
    the effects of lightning on forest fire initiation, geophysical
    interactions, human safety, and applications that benefit from
    knowing that a single flash may transfer charge to the ground in
    multiple, widely spaced locations. Sensitivity tests to assess the
    effects of misclassification of CG and in-cloud (IC) lightning are
    also made to place bounds on these estimates, and the likely
    uncertainty is a few percent.

https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/bams/105/3/BAMS-D-22-0241.1.xml



/[  Vegetable farming to Solar farming and back again ]/
*Farmer Ken Landsburg on Solar and the Future of Soil*
greenmanbucket
Apr 2, 2024
Ken Landsburg is a farmer in Sandusky, MI.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mKm-g2Hir4



/[ book discussion and questions 
https://www.jonathonporritt.com/hope-in-hell/ ]/
*Hope in Hell | Jonathon Porritt Book Launch | June 24th 2020*
Jonathon Porritt
Jun 26, 2020
Jonathon Porritt launched his latest book Hope in Hell: A decade to 
confront the climate emergency, on 24th June 2020. This is the full 
recording of the streamed online event hosted by Lucy Siegle.

During the event, Jonathon discusses the motivation behind Hope in Hell, 
the significance of our response to the Covid-19 pandemic with regard 
the climate emergency and how peaceful civil-disobedience will play a 
vital role in bringing about the change we need.

Hope in Hell is now available to order online bit.ly/hopeinhellbook

Find out more about Jonathon Porrit's work and his latest title Hope in 
Hell at: http://www.jonathonporritt.com/

https://www.jonathonporritt.com/hope-in-hell/



/[The news archive - Walter spoke  ]/
/*April 3, 1980 */
April 3, 1980: "The CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite" reports on 
the role coal plays in fueling global warming.
http://climatecrocks.com/2013/01/23/1980-cronkite-on-climate/


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